MN 551 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUIZ BANK 2023 (NEW) WITH REVISED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

MN 551 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUIZ BANK 2023 (NEW) WITH REVISED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Question 1. 1. A nurse practitioner student is familiarizing herself with the overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university hospital. Which of the following patients would the student recognize as being least likely to have a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history? (Points : 0.4) A 66-year-old obese male with left-sided hemiplegia secondary to a cerebrovascular accident A 90-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility who has been experiencing transient ischemic attacks A 30-year-old female with a diagnosis of left leg DVT and a pulmonary embolism A 21-year-old male with a diagnosis of cellulitis and suspected endocarditis secondary to intravenous drug use Question 2. 2. Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of lymphatic system activity? (Points : 0.4) B and T lymphocyte development begins in the bone marrow and ends in the peripheral lymphoid structures. B cells and macrophages are released from the bone marrow in their completed state. Stem cells in the lymph nodes initiate and regulate the process of white cell synthesis. Leukocytes bypass vascular circulation and are distributed instead by the lymphatic system. Question 3. 3. A 30-year-old man has spent 5 hours on a cross-country flight seated next to a passenger who has been sneezing and coughing, and the man has been inhaling viral particles periodically. Which of the following situations would most likely result in the stimulation of the man's T lymphocytes and adaptive immune system? (Points : 0.4) Presentation of a foreign antigen by a familiar immunoglobulin Recognition of a foreign MHC molecule Recognition of a foreign peptide bound to a self MHC molecule Cytokine stimulation of a T lymphocyte with macrophage or dendritic cell mediation Question 4. 4. Following a course of measles, a 5-year-old girl developed scattered bruising over numerous body surfaces and was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). As part of her diagnostic workup, blood work was performed. Which of the following results is most likely to be considered unexpected by the health care team? (Points : 0.4) Increased thrombopoietin levels Decreased platelet count Normal vitamin K levels Normal leukocyte levels Question 5. 5. A 24-year-old woman presents with fever and painful, swollen cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophilia with a shift to the left. She most likely has: (Points : 0.4) A mild parasitic infection A severe bacterial infection A mild viral infection A severe fungal infection Question 6. 6. A nurse practitioner is providing prenatal care and education for a first-time expectant mother, 22 weeks' gestation, who has a diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection. Which of the following statements by the expectant mother demonstrates an adequate understanding of vertical disease transmission and congenital infections? (Points : 0.4) “Gonorrhea and chlamydia pose the greatest risks of transmission from mother to child.” “I know that my baby will need observation for HIV signs and symptoms in the weeks following my delivery.” “My baby could become infected either across the placenta or during the birth itself.” “Prophylactic immunization will reduce my baby's chance of being born with an illness.” Question 7. 7. A 16-year-old female has been brought to her primary care nurse practitioner by her mother due to the girl's persistent sore throat and malaise. Which of the following facts revealed in the girl's history and examination would lead the nurse practitioner to rule out infectious mononucleosis? (Points : 0.4) The girl has a temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F) and has enlarged lymph nodes. Her liver and spleen are both enlarged. Blood work reveals an increased white blood cell count. Chest auscultation reveals crackles in her lower lung fields bilaterally. Question 8. 8. Which of the following phenomena would be least likely to result in activation of the complement system? (Points : 0.4) Recognition of an antibody bound to the surface of a microbe The binding of mannose residues on microbial glycoproteins Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on complement proteins Direct recognition of microbial proteins Question 9. 9. Which of the following patients is most likely to benefit from transplantation of thymic tissue or major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-compatible bone marrow? (Points : 0.4) A 12-year-old girl with a history of epilepsy and low IgG levels secondary to phenytoin use A 7-year-old boy whose blood work indicates decreased IgA and IgG with increased IgM A 6-year-old boy whose pre-B cells are incapable of translation to normal B cells A 9-year-old girl who has a diagnosis of IgA deficiency Question 10. 10. A 29-year-old construction worker got a sliver under his fingernail four days ago. The affected finger is now reddened, painful, swollen, and warm to the touch. Which of the following hematological processes is most likely occurring in response to the infection? (Points : 0.4) Proliferation of immature neutrophils High circulatory levels of myeloblasts Increased segmented neutrophil production Phagocytosis by myelocytes Question 11. 11. The blood work of a 44-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of liver disease secondary to alcohol abuse indicates low levels of albumin. Which of the following phenomena would a clinician be most justified in anticipating? (Points : 0.4) Impaired immune function Acid-base imbalances Impaired thermoregulation Fluid imbalances Question 12. 12. A 2-year-old girl has had repeated ear and upper respiratory tract infections since she was born. A pediatrician has determined a diagnosis of transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy. What is the physiological origin of the child's recurrent infections? (Points : 0.4) Antibody production by plasma cells is compromised because of impaired communication between B and T cells. The child had a congenital absence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and her body is only slowly beginning to produce them independently. The child was born with immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin (IgM) antibodies, suggesting intrauterine infection. The child lacks the antigen presenting cells integral to normal B-cell antibody production.