Summary ASRT - Vascular Sonography Registry Review/ Ultrasound Vascular Registry Review Complete.
Ultrasound Vascular Registry Review What is the first branch of the aortic arch? - (correct answer): Innominate artery/ Brachiocephalic Name the three branches of the aortic arch? - (correct answer): a. Innominate artery/ Brachiocephalic b. Lt CCA c. Lt Subclavian artery The radial artery runs on what side of the forearm? - (correct answer): Lateral side The radial artery branches to form what part of the palmar arch? - (correct answer): Superficial palmar arch Where does the radial artery terminate? (Just remember that the ulnar branch and termination is opposite of the radial artery) - (correct answer): Terminates in the deep palmar arch What vessel is the predominate source of blood flow to the hand come from? - (correct answer): Ulnar artery The Deep Palmar arch is a branch of the? - (correct answer): Ulnar artery What are the three branches of the celiac trunk? - (correct answer): a. Left Gastric artery b. Splenic artery c. Common Hepatic artery What organs does the celiac trunk supply? - (correct answer): Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Spleen, & Duodenum The SMA is located 1cm below the celiac trunk and supplies what? - (correct answer): Small Intestines, cecum, and parts of colon, Is it an uncommon finding to see multiple renal arteries bilaterally? - (correct answer): No it is not uncommon at all. What vessel runs anterior to the aorta? - (correct answer): Left Renal vein What arises from the abdominal aorta about 3-4 cm above the bifurcation, that can act as a collateral connection? - (correct answer): IMA (Inferior Mesenteric Artery) What are the most distal branches of the aorta that supply blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall, and lower limbs? - (correct answer): Common Iliac Arteries (CIA) What vessel is also referred to as the Hypogastric artery? - (correct answer): Internal Iliac Artery What vessel runs along the medial side of the psoas mucsle and underneath the inguinal ligament? - (correct answer): External Iliac artery What vessel becomes the CFA in the groin region? - (correct answer): External Iliac Artery The SFA passes through an opening in what tendon to enter the popliteal fossa? - (correct answer): Adductor Hiatus (Adductor Canal or Hunter's Canal) What is another name for the deep femoral artery? - (correct answer): Profunda Femoris What is the region called where the SFA terminates and the popliteal artery begins? - (correct answer): Adductor Hiatus What 3 branches is sometimes known as the trifurcation? - (correct answer): APA, PTA, Peroneal Artery Whats the first branch off distal popliteal artery? - (correct answer): ATA - Anterior Tibia Artery What vessel does the ATA become once it crosses the dorsum of the foot? - (correct answer): DPA - Dorsalis Pedis Artery Wha is a major branch of the DPA (dorsalis pedis artery)? - (correct answer): Deep Plantar Artery- penetrates the sole of foot, it unites with lateral plantar artery to complete plantar arc. How does the PTA run down the leg? - (correct answer): Posterior and Medial side of leg What is the Tibioperoneal Trunk? - (correct answer): Short segment between ATA branch and branches of PTA and peroneal arteries. The plantar arch in foot consists of what branch from DPA? - (correct answer): Deep plantar artery The plantar arch in foot consists of what branch from the PTA? - (correct answer): Lateral plantar artery, which unites with the deep plantar artery Arteries progressively decrease in size from the largest being __ and the smallest being ___? - (correct answer): A. Largest = Aorta B. Smallest = Arterioles Arterioles are considered what type of vessels and assist in regulating what? - (correct answer): a. Arterioles are considered resistance vessels b. They assist in regulating blood flow through contraction and relaxation. Where does the exchange of nutrients and waste products between blood and tissue take place? - (correct answer): Capillaries What is the inner thin layer of the arterial wall called? - (correct answer): Tunica intima, which consists of smooth endothelium and connective tissue What layer of the arterial wall is thickest and made up largely of elastic type of smooth mucsle and connective tissue? - (correct answer): Tunica media / intermediate layer Which layer of the arterial wall is made up of fibrous connective tissue? - (correct answer): Tunica externa / outer layer (adventitia) What layer of the arterial wall contains the vasa vasorum? What is the vasa vasorum? - (correct answer): The vasa vasorum tiny vessels found in the adventitial layer of the arterial wall, that carry blood to the walls of the largest arteries. Proximal to aortic arch, what are the first branches of the ascending aorta? - (correct answer): Coronary Arteries What events lead up to the beginning of cardiac contractions? - (correct answer): 1. Pressure in left ventricle begins to rise 2. Left ventricle pressure exceeds that in the aorta 3. Aortic valve opens; blood is ejected, blood pressure rises What generates the pressure wave to move the blood? - (correct answer): Pumping Heart What governs the amount of blood that enters the arterial system? - (correct answer): Cardiac output What determines the amount of blood that leaves the arterial system? - (correct answer): Arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance Where is pressure greatest in the arterial system? - (correct answer): Pressure is greatest at the heart, gradually decreasing as blood moves further away. What 2 things is required for movement of any fluid medium between 2 points? - (correct answer): 1. Pathway for fluid to flow 2. Pressure difference / Energy gradient Low resistance yields what type of flow rate? - (correct answer): High flow rate The total energy contained in moving fluid is the sum of what 3 energies? - (correct answer): 1. Potential (Pressure) 2. Kinetic 3. Gravitational What type of energy is stored energy and is the major form of energy for circulation of blood? - (correct answer): Pressure (Potential) Energy, measured in mmHg. What form of energy id equivlent to the weight of the column of blood extending from the heart to the level where pressure is measured? - (correct answer): Gravitational energy or Hydrostatic Pressure (HP) What is the tendency of a fluid to resist changes in its velocity? - (correct answer): Inertia What 2 things affect the movement of fluid? - (correct answer): 1. Physcial properties of the fluid 2. What the fluid is moving through Internal friction within a fluid is measured how? - (correct answer): It's measured by its Viscosity What is an example of something that would increase blood viscosity? Decrease blood viscosity? - (correct answer): 1. Elevated hematocrit increases viscosity 2. Severe anemia would decrease viscosity Viscosity measures what of a fluid? - (correct answer): Viscosity measures the thickness of a fluid. What type of energy loss is due to increased friction between molecules and layers? - (correct answer): Viscous energy loss What type of energy loss occurs with deviation from laminar flow, due to changes in direction and / or velocity? - (correct answer): Inertial energy loss Whose equation define the relationship between: pressure, resistance, and volume flow? - (correct answer): Poiseulle's Equation: Q = P/R ; it helps answer the question of how much fluid moves through a vessel What can occur due to geometry change with or without intra-luminal disease and becuase of curves in vessels? - (correct answer): Pressure gradients (Flow separation), they occur in areas with stagnant or little movement. What predicts when fluid becomes unstable? - (correct answer): Reynolds Number (Re)- >2000 is the point when laminar (stable) flow turns into turbulent (disturbed) flow In a rigid tube, energy losses are mainly viscous; this can be described by whose principles? - (correct answer): Poiseuille's equation What kind of flow feeds dilated vascular beds like: ICA, vertebral, renal, celiac, splenic, hepatic? - (correct answer): Low resistance flow, which is continous (steady) flow What is one visible sign that you can differentiate a low resistant waveform from a high resistant waveform? - (correct answer): The reversal of flow seen in high resistant waveforms. As the inflow pressure falls as a result of stenosis, what is the natural response of the periphery vessels? Vasodilate or vasoconstrict? - (correct answer): Vasodilate Exercise should induce peripheral vasodilation, which does what to the distal peripheral resistance? Raise or Lowers? - (correct answer): Lowers the peripheral resistance, increasing blood flow. What is the single best vasodilator of resistance vessels within skeletal muscle? - (correct answer): Excercise What is the ability of most vascular beds to maintain constant level of blood flow over a wide range of perfusion pressures called? - (correct answer): Autoregulation If your blood pressure rises, how will your resistance vessels responed? - (correct answer): Resistance vessels will constriction Will your vessels be constricted or dilated if you scan a cool vs a warm extremitiy? - (correct answer): A. Warm- Dilated B. Cool- Constricted Laminar Flow is the even distribution of frequencies at systole: where are lower frequencies found in laminar flow? where is the fastest moving flow? - (correct answer): Slow flow is near vessel walls, with the fastest flow in the centerstream What 2 things are reduced in a significant stenosis? - (correct answer): Volume flow and Pressure are both significantly reducted At what point in a stenosis is the flow frequencies dampened, with or without disturbance? - (correct answer): Proximal to a stenosis At what point in a stenosis is spectral broadening and elevated velocities seen? - (correct answer): Entering the stenosis, with the high velocity at the narrowest part of the stenosis. At what point in a stenosis is flow reversals, flow separation, and vortices / eddy currents seen? - (correct answer): Exiting the stenosis, post-stenotic turbulence. What is pain in muscles usually occurin during exercise; subsides with rest? - (correct answer): Claudication What arterial condition has symptoms of the 6 P's: pain, pallor (white), pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, and polar; it may result from thrombus, embolism, or trauma? - (correct answer): Acute Arterial Occlusion What coniditon exists when symptoms of intermittent digital ischemia occur in response to cold exposure or emotional stress? - (correct answer): Raynaud's phenomenon What form of Raynaud's is seen as ischemia due to digital arterial spasm and is commonly seen in young women? - (correct answer): Primary Raynaud's What form of Raynaud's is also known as obstructive Raynaud's syndrome and may be the first manifestation of Buerger's disease? - (correct answer): Secondary Raynaud's What word (color) results from deficient blood supply; skin pale? - (correct answer): Pallor What word (color) suggests dilated vessels secondary to reactive hyperemia; skin is reddened? - (correct answer): Rubor What word (color) results from a concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin, causing bluish discoloration? - (correct answer): Cyanosis Name a few areas where palpable pulses can be felt. - (correct answer): Aorta, femoral, popliteal, DPA, PTA What is most common arterial pathology? - (correct answer): Thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the artery wall What syndrome occurs in males and is caused by obstruction of the aorta, resulting in fatigue in the hips, thighs, and calves during exercise, absense of femoral pulse, and impotence? - (correct answer): Leriche Syndrome What are 2 examples of types of true aneurysms? - (correct answer): 1. Fusiform 2. Saccular What is a common location for a dissecting aneurysm to occur? - (correct answer): Thoracic Aorta What is most common location for a true aneurysm? - (correct answer): Infrarenal >>>>>>CONT..............
Libro relacionado
- 2010
- 9781609712006
- Desconocido
Escuela, estudio y materia
- Institución
- Ultrasound Vascular Registry
- Grado
- Ultrasound Vascular Registry
Información del documento
- ¿Un libro?
- No
- ¿Qué capítulos están resumidos?
- Desconocido
- Subido en
- 9 de marzo de 2023
- Número de páginas
- 22
- Escrito en
- 2022/2023
- Tipo
- Resumen
Temas
-
study guide for vascular
-
ultrasound vascular registry review
-
ultrasound vascular registry review exam
-
a qampa review for the ardms vascular technology exam
-
vascular ultrasound registry review course
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