ABAT EXAM PREP Correct!!

What is autism? - ANSWER A developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulty in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior -autism as a spectrum disorder with a triad of primary impairments What are the triad of impairments? - ANSWER 1. Social 2. Communication 3. Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior What are common characteristics of social/communication? - ANSWER -intrusive touching -all "businesss talk" (taking things seriously and can not catch on social queues in a way/ how Chloe acts) -lack of eye contact -limited facial expressions -does not play with others -does not initiate conversation -abnormal volume of voice What are common characteristics of restrictive/repetitive behaviors? - ANSWER -repetition of words/rate of language -rigid adherence (no budging) -repetitive behavior hand flipping ( stim) -spinning (stim) -teeth grinding -atypical sensory behavior to texture/smell/sound/5 senses What are the 5 disorders that make up ASD? - ANSWER 1. Autistic Disorder - also known as causal autism 2. Aspergers Syndrome 3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - also known as PDD-NOS 4. Rett's Syndrome 5. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder - also known as CDD Social and Emotional Interaction issues - ANSWER - standing too close to people -unaware of different ways of interacting with others -has desire to have friends and relationships but struggles to initiate and maintain these Imagination and Flexibility of Thought issues - ANSWER - does not understand others points of view or feelings -takes everything literally -agitated by change in routine Social communication and Language issues - ANSWER - asks repetitive questions - cannot read between the lines of what people mean - communicates for own needs rather than for 'social' engagement - makes factual comments inappropriate to the context Terminology associated with diagnosis - ANSWER -pragmatic language -receptive and expressive language -sensory motor -social skills -joint attention -stereotypy What is Comorbidity? - ANSWER Children with ASD may also have other medical or psychiatric conditions What are common conditions that might be diagnosed with children with ASD? (Comorbid disorders) - ANSWER - anxiety - ADHD - Bipolar disorder - Clinical Depression - Down Syndrome - Fragile X syndrome - Gastrointestinal Symptoms - Intellectual disability and developmental delays - Motor difficulties - OCD - Seizures and epilepsy - Tourette syndrome - Tuberous Sclerosis What is Asperger Syndrome? - ANSWER - high functioning autism - have difficulty interacting socially -exhibit a restrictive range of interests / repetitive behavior - motor development may be delayed causing clumsiness or uncoordinated motor movements What is joint attention? - ANSWER Occurs when two people share interests in an object -when the child points to something, not because they want it, but to show it to someone for a social purpose -child can respond to someone initiating the joint attention or they can initiate it EXAMPLE: pointing to a toy, bringing attention to something What is HYPERsensitivity? - ANSWER -over reactivity to sensory input -being overwhelmed by a stimulus that most people would consider normal or common EXAMPLE: whenever the phone rings, a child with hypersensitivity might close their ears shut because they are sensitive to the noise What is HYPOsensitivity? - ANSWER - under reactivity to sensory input - brain does not register incoming stimuli appropriately so the child is not as affected by the stimuli EXAMPLE: child spinning constantly and never appears to be dizzy What is serial memory processing? - ANSWER -the act of attending to and processing one item at a time - information is sequential or in stages -similar to DTT EXAMPLE: when teaching a kid about coins, you introduce each coin individually What is parallel memory processing? - ANSWER -the act of attending to and processing all items simultaneously —knowing your color, motion, shape, and depth -similar to PRT What are the functions of behaviors? - ANSWER 1. SELF STIMULATORY : the individual behaves in a specific way because it feels good to them 2. ESCAPE/AVOIDANCE : the individual engages in a behavior to get out of doing something he/she does not want to do 3. ATTENTION SEEKING : the individual engages in a behavior to get focuses attention from parents, teachers, siblings, or peers 4. TANGIBLES (ACCESS/TARGETING) : individual engages in a hagiography in order to get a highly preferred item or participate in a highly preferred activity What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)? - ANSWER - GOAL : to provide students with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability; providing free appropriate public education (FAPE) with no cost and Special Education specifically designed to meet the needs of the students unique needs What is Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)? - ANSWER -part of IDEA -states that children who receive special education, should learn in a least restrictive environment -children should get to spend as much time as possible in the general education classroom with other children who are not in special education What is an Individual Education Plan (IEP)? - ANSWER - a written legal document that is tailored to a public school child who qualifies for special education - describes how the students learns, how the student best demonstrates that learning and what teachers and service providers will do to help the student learn more effectively -intended to help children reach educational goals more easily than they otherwise would What is Desired Results Developmental Profile (DRDP)? - ANSWER - an assessment instrument designed for teachers to observe, document, and reflect on learning, development and progress of children birth - 12 years of age, who are enrolled in early care and education programs and before and after school programs The four goals of DRDP - ANSWER 1. Children are personally and socially competent 2. Children are effective learners 3. Children show physical and motor competence 4. Children are safe and healthy What is Functional Performance Assessment (FBA)? - ANSWER - used as part Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) - designed to help healthcare professionals uncover the function of behavio