Epidemiology Final Exam| 60 questions| with complete solutions

Case-Control design for exposure and outcome study base Study basis is determined by following up retrospectively Four Case-control study steps after determining exposure and outcome study base 1.Find cases 2.Match for control 3.Measure exposure late odds ratio Who are the cases and controls Cases: people with outcome Control:representative of all persons with out disease in population Exaggerating effect size (relative vs absolute risk) Relative risk reduction: makes effect size seem larger Absolute risk reduction: makes effect size seem smaller Media Dissemination (5 elements) 1.)Exaggerating effect size 2.)Using causal language to describe observational studies 3.)Failing to explain limitations of surrogate markers/endpoints 4.)Relying on news releases with no independent perspective 5.)Failing to analyze the quality of evidence Narrative Reviews Narrative Reviews: usually experts in field (sometimes grad students), inclusion and exclusion criteria are not specified, authors chose studies based on subjective and informal criteria, tend to be broadly focused Systematic Reviews Systematic Reviews: collect all available evidence according to clearly stated criteria, minimize bias, and errors inherent to narrative reviews Case-control, Describe the importance of- (what is it?), potential iss