CPH Exam – Biostatistics- 410 QUESTIONS- WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Biostatistics includes a set of principles and methods which allow us to ______, _______ and ______ important public health problems. correct answer: assess, analyze and solve The application of biostatistics involves what? correct answer: The application of biostatistics involves developing clear research questions, designing studies to collect relevant information or data, applying appropriate techniques to analyze those data and drawing meaningful conclusions from data appropriately accounting for uncertainty. T/F: In every study, it is not important to define the population of interest. correct answer: False T/F: The population is the collection of all units (usually people) that we wish to make inferences about. The appropriate population depends on the research question. correct answer: True T/F: Using a probability sampling technique maximizes the likelihood the sample is representative of the larger population. correct answer: True T/F: This is important to minimize bias which is a systematic error in a study that leads to uncertainty about the estimates generated from the study. Bias is actually caused by the investigators in the design or conduct of the study correct answer: True Summary measures based on population data are called ________ and estimates derived from sample data are called _______. correct answer: Summary measures based on population data are called parameters and estimates derived from sample data are called statistics. N is used to denote the ________and is an example of a parameter, n denotes the ________ and is an example of a statistic correct answer: N is used to denote the population size and is an example of a parameter, n denotes the sample size and is an example of a statistic. T/F: In applied biostatistical analysis, we use sample statistics to estimate unknown population parameters. correct answer: True Name three general classifications of variables correct answer: discrete, continuous and time to event variables Discrete variables correct answer: variables that assume only a finite number of values, for example, whether or not a participant is taking lipid lowering treatment (yes or no), their blood type (A, B, AB or O), or symptom severity (none, mild, moderate, or severe). Discrete variables with two response options are called______________ correct answer: Discrete variables with two response options are called dichotomous Discrete variables with more than 2 unordered are called __________ correct answer: Discrete variables with more than 2 unordered are called categorical/no