How do athletes train for improved performance?
Aerobic training
Characteristics and features:
Aerobic training focuses on developing the cardiovascular and the aerobic energy system.
Example training types:
Continuous/ uniform, fartlek, long interval
Related sports: NRL, Marathon running, swimming, cycling
Training adaptations measured and monitored:
Aerobic training produces many physiological adaptations, for example the cardiovascular
system in stroke volume, heart rate and haemoglobin levels. For the muscle, the
adaptations may include myoglobin, aerobic enzymes, mitochondria changes. Aerobic
performance is normally measured, relying on the VO2 max or sub max testing. This is done
through the beep test, a treadmill or bike.
Safe and potentially harmful training procedures:
Safety for endurance training is important. It is vital to stay hydrated, waiting after meals
before training, using a safe environment, proper equipment, and clothing, including
footwear. Professionals also advise personal trainers and exercise physiologists to provide
fitness appraisals and write programs to ensure athlete safety.
Strength training
Characteristics and features
Strength training is any training done to improve an athlete’s muscular strength there are
various methods used by coaches and trainers to improve strength.
Example training types
Resistance training (elastic, hydraulic), weight training (plates, dumbbells), isometric training
Training adaptations measures and monitored
Strength training adaptations are measured through a variety of tests. For example, an
athlete can lift a weight once, to measure their absolute strength. Another test includes
skin-fold testing and circumference measurements. These tests measure more the muscle
hypertrophy.
Safe and potentially harmful training procedures
Safety in strength training is very important as there are many aspects that can cause injury.
Training can become harmful if the muscles are not given 48 hours of rest between
workouts. Other important aspects include, always having a person to train with you and
spot you. Performing each movement with correct technique (can result in soft tissue
injuries), training sessions that are designed and monitored by professionals such as a
personal trainer or coach and conducting the session in a professional manner.
What are the planning considerations for improving performance?
Specific considerations in planning for performance in events/ competitions. How would this
planning differ for elite athletes and recreational/ amateur athletes.?
Elite Amateur
Elite athletes will have higher detailed A recreational athlete would not complete
performance and fitness needs. They will any tests and would in general have a much
compete a wider range of fitness and lower-level performance and fitness needs
performance tests in order to determine in comparison to the athletes at an elite
their performance and fitness needs, level. Their goals may be to make friends
Aerobic training
Characteristics and features:
Aerobic training focuses on developing the cardiovascular and the aerobic energy system.
Example training types:
Continuous/ uniform, fartlek, long interval
Related sports: NRL, Marathon running, swimming, cycling
Training adaptations measured and monitored:
Aerobic training produces many physiological adaptations, for example the cardiovascular
system in stroke volume, heart rate and haemoglobin levels. For the muscle, the
adaptations may include myoglobin, aerobic enzymes, mitochondria changes. Aerobic
performance is normally measured, relying on the VO2 max or sub max testing. This is done
through the beep test, a treadmill or bike.
Safe and potentially harmful training procedures:
Safety for endurance training is important. It is vital to stay hydrated, waiting after meals
before training, using a safe environment, proper equipment, and clothing, including
footwear. Professionals also advise personal trainers and exercise physiologists to provide
fitness appraisals and write programs to ensure athlete safety.
Strength training
Characteristics and features
Strength training is any training done to improve an athlete’s muscular strength there are
various methods used by coaches and trainers to improve strength.
Example training types
Resistance training (elastic, hydraulic), weight training (plates, dumbbells), isometric training
Training adaptations measures and monitored
Strength training adaptations are measured through a variety of tests. For example, an
athlete can lift a weight once, to measure their absolute strength. Another test includes
skin-fold testing and circumference measurements. These tests measure more the muscle
hypertrophy.
Safe and potentially harmful training procedures
Safety in strength training is very important as there are many aspects that can cause injury.
Training can become harmful if the muscles are not given 48 hours of rest between
workouts. Other important aspects include, always having a person to train with you and
spot you. Performing each movement with correct technique (can result in soft tissue
injuries), training sessions that are designed and monitored by professionals such as a
personal trainer or coach and conducting the session in a professional manner.
What are the planning considerations for improving performance?
Specific considerations in planning for performance in events/ competitions. How would this
planning differ for elite athletes and recreational/ amateur athletes.?
Elite Amateur
Elite athletes will have higher detailed A recreational athlete would not complete
performance and fitness needs. They will any tests and would in general have a much
compete a wider range of fitness and lower-level performance and fitness needs
performance tests in order to determine in comparison to the athletes at an elite
their performance and fitness needs, level. Their goals may be to make friends
