NCE/LPC Exam Study Guide| 213 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Ego's need for immediate gratification. correct answer: Pleasure Principle The cause or ____________of abnormal behavior is difficult to determine in most cases. correct answer: Etiology An individual who is happy,autonomous, & creative has reached ______________. correct answer: Self-actualization This is necessary from parents for children to develop healthy concepts. (Rogers) correct answer: Unconditional Positive Regard Accomplished by rewarding success of desired behavior. correct answer: Shaping Learning method involving the conditioning of new stimuli to existing responses. correct answer: Classical Conditioning A behavior modification used to establish new behavior. correct answer: reinforcement The designations "common," "personal," & "cardinal" refer to ______________. correct answer: Trait Theory Individuals are in an interactional relationship with their environment. correct answer: contextual worldview Freud believed human behavior is mainly motivated by the psychosexual energy called __________. correct answer: libido Relearning by using a particular stimulus to establish a new, more adaptive response correct answer: counter conditioning Idea that there are many different ways to interpret events, each one leading to different behaviors. correct answer: Kelly's concept of Constructive Alternativism A severe psychological disorder involving loss of contact with reality. correct answer: Psychosis Process of development and body change resulting from heredity rather than learning. correct answer: Maturation Vicarious conditioning occurs through observed________. correct answer: modeling The unpleasantness of _________motivates individuals to avoid or reduce inconsistencies in cognitive structure. correct answer: cognitive dissonance