rcp 180 final exam|| 193 questions|| with complete solutions

The bulk movement of air into and out of the lungs is defined as: correct answer: ventilation The most common reason for initiating mechanical ventilatory support: correct answer: respiratory failure An inability of the heart and lungs to provide adequate tissue oxygenation and/or carbon dioxide removal can be defined as: correct answer: Respiratory failure The pressure measured during an inspiratory hold maneuver, typically one second or less in duration is the: correct answer: plateau pressure ARDS, atelectasis, complete airway obstruction, consolidative pneumonia, large pneumothorax, and pulmonary edema may result in: correct answer: Increased capillary shunt With CMV: correct answer: all breaths are mandatory, but may be time or patient triggered Failure to provide mechanical ventilatory support in the presence of _____ may lead to cardiac arrest and brain death in minutes. correct answer: apnea A sudden decrease in arterial oxygenation with or without carbon dioxide retention can be defined as: correct answer: Acute respiratory failure The decision to initiate _______ should be based on a thorough patient assessment, sound clinical judgment, and an understanding of the indications, contraindications, complications and hazards. correct answer: mechanical ventilation Patients at high risk for life-threatening health problems requiring sophisticated support and monitoring are best cared for in the: correct answer: Intensive care unit Acute ventilatory failure (aka acute hypercapnic respiratory failure) is a sudden: correct answer: rise in PaCO2 with a corresponding decrease in pH Acute ventilatory failure in which an acute increase in PaCO2 results in a pH ≤ 7.25 provides an indication for: correct answer: mechanical ventilation Reduced PCO 2 is a cerebral vasoconstrictor while increased PCO 2 is a cerebral vasodilator; this should be considered when caring for with patients with: correct answer: traumatic brain injury Emphysema or pulmonary embolus may cause an increase in: correct answer: Alveolar dead space Which of the following can negatively impact patient outcomes? correct answer: frequently awakening the patient at night