Certified Paraoptometric (CPO) Exam 2023 Questions and Answers

Accounts Payable - ANSWER-Outstanding business obligations that are owed to others. Accounts Receivable - ANSWER-Outstanding obligations owed to the business by others. Cash Flow Statement - ANSWER-A picture of all cash inflows and outflows within the business. Gross Profit - ANSWER-The percentage of business income before expenses. Just in Time (JIT) - ANSWER-A strategy to improve a business return on investment. Net Income/Profit - ANSWER-Revenues minus expenses. Net Worth - ANSWER-The total value of a business. Return on Investment (ROI) - ANSWER-A measurement of success of a project; the percent of profit earned on an investment. An optometrist is licensed by which governing body: - ANSWER-State The person generally responsible for grinding or duplicating lenses is the: - ANSWER-Optician A doctor of medicine specializing in surgery is an: - ANSWER-Ophthalmologist Ophthalmic Medical Personnel can do all BUT - ANSWER-Offer medical diagnoses A person who collects patient data, administers tests of the patient's visual capabilities, and assists in office management would be best described as a/an - ANSWER-Paraoptometric When a staff member receives a call but is busy with a patient, the person answering the phone should politely ask - ANSWER-for a return number or if someone else might be of assistance Prior to scheduling a patient appointment, what should be done first? - ANSWER-Make certain the purpose of the visit is known, to schedule properly What is the most straightforward type of filing system? - ANSWER-Alphabetical Which is not a part of implementing HIPAA? - ANSWER-Unlimited PHI disclosure for staff developing crisis. Which is not required for documentation of released PHI? - ANSWER-Age, name, password Ciliary Muscle - ANSWER-The muscle inside of the eyeball that alters the shape of the crystalline lens. It has direct control over the focusing ability of the eye. Medial Rectus - ANSWER-The most powerful of the extraocular muscles. Turns the eye toward the nose. Inferior Rectus - ANSWER-Its primary action is to turn the eye downward. Lateral Rectus - ANSWER-Its only action is to move the eyes away from the nose. Superior Rectus - ANSWER-Its primary action is to move the eye upward. Superior Oblique - ANSWER-Rotates eye down and inward Inferior Oblique - ANSWER-Rotates eye up and outward Anterior Chamber - ANSWER-The area inside the eye, behind the cornea, and in front of the iris. Aqueous humor - ANSWER-a clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body. It provides nutrients for the lens and posterior cornea. Choroid - ANSWER-Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina. This nourishes the retina. Conjunctiva - ANSWER-clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the sclera and the inside surface of the eyelids. The *palpebral* _______ lines the lids, while the *bulbar* _______ covers the sclera. Fovea Centralis - ANSWER-Area in the macula where visual acuity is the sharpest. Macula - ANSWER-The central part of the retina, which is used for seeing detail. Posterior Chamber - ANSWER-The area behind the iris and in front of the lens. Rods - ANSWER-Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision and are the most sensitive. Cones - ANSWER-Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and for clear central vision. Sclera - ANSWER-The white portion of the eye made up of a tough, fibrous tissue that gives shape and structure to the eyeball. Vitreous Humor - ANSWER-A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and the retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the eye round. Ocular Adnexa - ANSWER-The adjacent structures of the eye, such as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit, extraocular muscles and conjunctiva. Sinuses - ANSWER-Air spaces within the bones. Lacrimal Gland - ANSWER-The gland that supplies most of the tears to the eye. Lacrimal Duct - ANSWER-The drainage system for tears. Nasolacrimal Duct - ANSWER-The drainage system for the tears to leave the eye. Amblyopia - ANSWER-A loss of vision in one or both eyes. Aphakia - ANSWER-When a cataract progress to the degree that it interferes with vision, the crystalline lens can be surgically removed. Absence of the lens in the eye. Chalazion - ANSWER-As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum, it will sometimes leave a granuloma (small lump). Blepharitis - ANSWER-Inflammation of the lid margin. Diabetic Retinopathy - ANSWER-Due to poor blood circulation that occurs with diabetes mellitus, new blood vessel growth often develops in the retina. Esotropia - ANSWER-A form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. Flashes or floaters - ANSWER-Caused by mechanical stimulation of the nerves in the retina. Glaucoma - ANSWER-A condition in which the optic nerve is damaged from increased ocular pressure. Hordeolum - ANSWER-Commonly known as a stye, occurs when pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed. This essentially is a "pimple" in the eyelid. Keratoconus - ANSWER-The cornea thins and bulges forward. Nystagmus - ANSWER-A vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in reduced vision. Pinguecula - ANSWER-A thickening of the connective tissue on the sides of the cornea (3 and 9 o'clock). Ptygerium - ANSWER-A type of abnormal growth of tissue on the conjunctiva. Different from (other disorder) in its wedge-shape and ability to invade the cornea. Retinal detachment - ANSWER-The retina pulls away from the rest of the eyeball. A-, An- - ANSWER-(without) Ab- - ANSWER-(away) Ad- - ANSWER-(to, toward) Aniso- - ANSWER-(different) Anti- - ANSWER-(against) Bi-, Di- - ANSWER-(two) Ex- - ANSWER-(away from, out of) Hyper- - ANSWER-(excessive, above, over) Hypo-, Sub- - ANSWER-(under, below) Intra- - ANSWER-(within) Para- - ANSWER-(beside, beyond, around) Peri- - ANSWER-(surrounding) Retro- - ANSWER-(backward) -ectomy - ANSWER-(cutting out, excision) -ia - ANSWER-(diseased or abnormal state) -itis - ANSWER-(inflammation) -meter - ANSWER-(measurer) -ologist - ANSWER-(someone who studies or practices) -ology - ANSWER-(study of) -oma - ANSWER-(tumor, swelling) -opia - ANSWER-(vision condition) -osis - ANSWER-(abnormal condition) -pathy - ANSWER-(disease) -phobia - ANSWER-(abnormal fear of, or aversion to, specific things) -scope - ANSWER-(instrument used for examination) -al,-ic,-ous - ANSWER-(pertaining to) BLEPHAR - ANSWER-(eyelid) CHROM - ANSWER-(color) CONJUNCTIV - ANSWER-(conjunctiva) COR, CORE - ANSWER-(pupil) CORNE, KERAT - ANSWER-(cornea) DIPL - ANSWER-(double) IRID, IRI - ANSWER-(iris) OCUL, OPHTHALM - ANSWER-(eye) OPT - ANSWER-(vision) ORTH - ANSWER-(straight) PAPILL - ANSWER-(optical nerve head) PATH - ANSWER-(disease) PHOT - ANSWER-(light) RETIN - ANSWER-(retina) SCLER - ANSWER-(sclera) TON - ANSWER-(tension, pressure) Anterior - ANSWER-located on, or near, the front of an organ Posterior - ANSWER-located on, or near, the back of an organ Superior - ANSWER-situated above, or directed upward Inferior - ANSWER-situated below, or directed downward Medial - ANSWER-pertaining to the middle or midline Lateral - ANSWER-pertaining to the side or a position farther away from the midline. Cycloplegic drugs - ANSWER-Dilate the pupil by temporarily paralyzing the muscle that constricts the pupil, and preventing accommodation by paralyzing the ciliary muscle. Anesthetic Drugs - ANSWER-Cause a temporary numbing of a nerve, which results in loss of feeling in the surrounding area. (A drug with the suffix -caine). Ophthalmic stains, or dyes - ANSWER-are topically used to stain the eye for Goldmann applanation tonometry, outline defective area of the cornea, and aid in fitting gas-permeable lenses.