ATLS Practice 2023 {234 Questions with All the Correct
Answers} Graded A+
Assessed first in trauma patientCorrect ans- Airway
(*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement Correct ans
- Fourth
Complications of head traumaCorrect ans- Intracerebral hematoma Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosisCorrect ans- Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure Correct ans- Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle collision
that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Hemorrhagic shock
Acute adrenal insufficiency
Fat embolism syndrome
Transfusion reactionCorrect ans- D. Transfusion reaction
Skin antisepticCorrect ans- -Ethanol 70% is an effective skin antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood lossCorrect ans- 55%
How does shivering affect body temperatureCorrect ans- Increases body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood lossCorrect ans- 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusionCorrect ans- Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shockCorrect ans- -Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs -Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during CPR?
Correct ans- Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tubeCorrect ans-
-Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest and abdomenCorrect ans- 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage?Correct ans- Bradycardia Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax Correct ans-
Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuriesCorrect ans- -Blunt diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patientCorrect ans- Checking the
pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external bleeding. Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
Pelvic fracture
Fracture of femur
Intracranial hemorrhage
Hemothorax Correct ans- C. Intracranial hemorrhage A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid- portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management?
Get an angiogram
Close the wound in the ER
Take him to the operating room
CT scan to evaluate neck structureCorrect ans- C. Take him to the OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an indication for further testing?
0-5 casts/HPF
5-10 WBC/HPF
10-20 RBC/HPF
Gross hematuriaCorrect ans- D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which structure?Correct ans- External jugular vein
Clinical features associated with tension pneumothorax Correct ans- Unilateral decrease in breath sounds
Hyperresonance Respiratory distress Tachycardia Tracheal shift Desatruation
Decreased breath sounds Decreased compliance Asymmetric chest movement
NOT hypertension, audible bronchial sounds
Not recommended as a mode of ventilation for a patient with a diaphragmatic hernia
Bag and mask
LMA
Endotracheal intubation
Jet ventilationCorrect ans- A. Bag and mask
What is the next step in the assessment of a traumatic patient after airway is established?Correct ans- Breathing
Blood group that is considered a universal donorCorrect ans- O A provider is examining a patient who sustained a severe traumatic head injury. He
documents no Doll's eyes. What does this signify?Correct ans
- Brainstem injury
Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV fluids?
Cubital veins
Cephalic veins
Subclavian veins
Saphenous veinCorrect ans- Subclavian veins Dermatome level for nipple sensation
Dermatome level for umbilicusCorrect ans- T4 T10
At which temperature would a hypothermic patient stop shivering? Correct ans- 88 degrees F
What is the energy recommendation for the first defibrillation in an adult (*) Correct ans- 300 J
Pharmacologic effects of MorphineCorrect ans- Behavioral changes Analgesia
Respiratory depression NOT diarrhea
A patient with which condition should be triaged to receive medical attention first?
Choking
Dizziness
Leg cramp
VomitingCorrect ans- A. Choking
For pediatric patients, what volume of fluid resuscitation should be given initially in the setting of shock?
750 mL of saline uniformly
1 liter of saline
20 mL/kg of 0.45% NaCl with 5% glucose
10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactateCorrect ans- D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactate
A patient is found unconscious after a fire in his bedroom. He is found to have severe burns around his face. What is the first aspect of treatment?
Answers} Graded A+
Assessed first in trauma patientCorrect ans- Airway
(*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement Correct ans
- Fourth
Complications of head traumaCorrect ans- Intracerebral hematoma Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosisCorrect ans- Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure Correct ans- Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle collision
that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Hemorrhagic shock
Acute adrenal insufficiency
Fat embolism syndrome
Transfusion reactionCorrect ans- D. Transfusion reaction
Skin antisepticCorrect ans- -Ethanol 70% is an effective skin antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood lossCorrect ans- 55%
How does shivering affect body temperatureCorrect ans- Increases body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood lossCorrect ans- 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusionCorrect ans- Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shockCorrect ans- -Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs -Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during CPR?
Correct ans- Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tubeCorrect ans-
-Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest and abdomenCorrect ans- 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage?Correct ans- Bradycardia Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax Correct ans-
Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuriesCorrect ans- -Blunt diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patientCorrect ans- Checking the
pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external bleeding. Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
Pelvic fracture
Fracture of femur
Intracranial hemorrhage
Hemothorax Correct ans- C. Intracranial hemorrhage A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid- portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management?
Get an angiogram
Close the wound in the ER
Take him to the operating room
CT scan to evaluate neck structureCorrect ans- C. Take him to the OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an indication for further testing?
0-5 casts/HPF
5-10 WBC/HPF
10-20 RBC/HPF
Gross hematuriaCorrect ans- D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which structure?Correct ans- External jugular vein
Clinical features associated with tension pneumothorax Correct ans- Unilateral decrease in breath sounds
Hyperresonance Respiratory distress Tachycardia Tracheal shift Desatruation
Decreased breath sounds Decreased compliance Asymmetric chest movement
NOT hypertension, audible bronchial sounds
Not recommended as a mode of ventilation for a patient with a diaphragmatic hernia
Bag and mask
LMA
Endotracheal intubation
Jet ventilationCorrect ans- A. Bag and mask
What is the next step in the assessment of a traumatic patient after airway is established?Correct ans- Breathing
Blood group that is considered a universal donorCorrect ans- O A provider is examining a patient who sustained a severe traumatic head injury. He
documents no Doll's eyes. What does this signify?Correct ans
- Brainstem injury
Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV fluids?
Cubital veins
Cephalic veins
Subclavian veins
Saphenous veinCorrect ans- Subclavian veins Dermatome level for nipple sensation
Dermatome level for umbilicusCorrect ans- T4 T10
At which temperature would a hypothermic patient stop shivering? Correct ans- 88 degrees F
What is the energy recommendation for the first defibrillation in an adult (*) Correct ans- 300 J
Pharmacologic effects of MorphineCorrect ans- Behavioral changes Analgesia
Respiratory depression NOT diarrhea
A patient with which condition should be triaged to receive medical attention first?
Choking
Dizziness
Leg cramp
VomitingCorrect ans- A. Choking
For pediatric patients, what volume of fluid resuscitation should be given initially in the setting of shock?
750 mL of saline uniformly
1 liter of saline
20 mL/kg of 0.45% NaCl with 5% glucose
10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactateCorrect ans- D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactate
A patient is found unconscious after a fire in his bedroom. He is found to have severe burns around his face. What is the first aspect of treatment?
