Nutrition for Childbearing Foundations of Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health Nursing, 7th Edition

1. The nurse is teaching a patient taking prenatal vitamins how to avoid constipation. Which should the nurse plan to include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) a. Advise taking a daily laxative for constipation. b. Recommend a diet high in fruits and vegetables. c. Encourage an increase in fluid consumption during the day. d. Increase the intake of whole grains and whole grain products. e. Suggest increasing the intake of dairy products, especially cheeses. - ANS: B, C, D Common sources of dietary fiber include fruits and vegetables (with skins when possible—apples, strawberries, pears, carrots, corn, potatoes with skins, and broccoli), whole grains, and whole grain products—whole wheat bread, bran muffins, bran cereals, oatmeal, brown rice, and whole wheat pasta. Increased intake of fluids can help prevent constipation. A pregnant patient should not take a daily laxative unless prescribed by her health care provider. Increased intake of dairy products, especially cheese, may increase constipation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application OBJ: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 1. When planning a healthy diet with a pregnant patient, what should the nurse's first action be? a. Teach the patient about MyPlate. b. Review the patient's current dietary intake. c. Instruct the patient to limit the intake of fatty foods. d. Caution the patient to avoid large doses of vitamins, especially those that are fatsoluble. - ANS: B The first action should be to assess the patient's current dietary pattern and practices because instruction should be geared to what she already knows and does. Teaching the food guide MyPlate is important but not the first action when planning a diet with a pregnant patient. Limiting intake of fatty foods is important in a pregnant patient's diet; however, not the first action. Caution regarding about excessive fat-soluble vitamins is important; however, not the first action. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application OBJ: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: Patient Needs: Physiologic Integrity 2. The nurse is meeting with a patient with an elevated BMI regarding an optimal diet for pregnancy. Which major source of nutrients should be a significant component of this patient's diet? a. Fats b. Fiber c. Simple sugars d. Complex carbohydrates - ANS: D Complex carbohydrates supply the pregnant woman with vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Fats provide 9 calories in each gram, in contrast to carbohydrates and proteins, which provide only 4 calories in each gram. Fiber is supplied primarily by complex carbohydrates. The most common simple carbohydrate is table sugar, which is a source of energy but does not provide any nutrients. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application OBJ: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance