Medical-Surgical Nursing- Chapters 1-4 Q&A 2023 Update A+

What is WHO - ANS-Word Health Organization Define health - ANS-A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity What is Etiology - ANS-The cause of a disease What is holism - ANS-Viewing a persons health as a balance of body, mind and spirit Define wellness - ANS-A state of being. It is a constant and intentional effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for total well-being What refers to a state of being sick - ANS-Illness What is disease - ANS-A pathologic condition of the body that presents with clinical signs and symptoms and changes in laboratory values A client with chronic illness always reports feeling great. What does this say about the client - ANS-They are able to engage in meaningful activities Types of illness - ANS-Catastrophic (sudden) Acute (quick) Chronic (Long-term) Terminal (Cancer, death) What considers levels of health - ANS-The health-illness continuum What are the levels of the health-illness continuum - ANS-High level wellness Good health Normal health Illness Critical Illness Death What is protecting ones current level of health by preventing illness or deterioration - ANS-Health maintenance Can people still have high level of wellness with disease process - ANS-yes Strategies to enhance health, like exercise - ANS-Health promotion Identifying risk factors such as family history of hypertension and reducing effects of risk factors on one's health - ANS-Illness prevention What uses screening diagnostic tests and procedures to identify a disease process earlier - ANS-Early detection What is a client - ANS-An active partner in nursing care Define incidence - ANS-Frequency of a particular disease What is the number of sick persons with a particular disease - ANS-Morbidity What is mortality - ANS-Death rate or ratio Study of how disease alters normal physiologic processes - ANS-Pathophysiology What is prevalence - ANS-The number of causes of a disease Prevention of the development of disease in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population - ANS-Primary prevention Early diagnosis in treatment to shorten duration and severity of an illness - ANSSecondary prevention What is Sign - ANS-Objective manifestation of a disease; can be seen, heard, measured or felt Define symptom - ANS-Subjective manifestation of a disease of illness; what the client relates in happening Tertiary prevention is - ANS-Healthcare to limit the degree of disability or promote rehabilitation in chronic, irreversible diseases Consists of specially trained personnel who work together to help clients meet their healthcare needs - ANS-Healthcare team What is healthcare delivery system - ANS-Full range of services available to people seeking prevention, identification, treatment or rehabilitation of health problems The first resource person or agency that clients contact about a health need - ANSPrimary Care Referrals to facilities for additional testing such as cardiac catheterization - ANSSecondary care Continues...