ABNORMAL PSYCH
-
explores and attempts to understand abnormal behaviours and
psychopathology ,
including a number of specific Psychological
Disorders
in
☐
These are part defined and characterised
by abnormal
thoughts feelings
,
and behaviours .
☐
Hard to do because what is normal ?
Psychopathology : illness of mind
a scientific study of the
origins Symptoms . ,
and development
disorders
of psychological .
A pattern of psychological symptoms that causes
•
behavioural and
significant personal distress , impairs the ability to function in one
or more important areas
of daily life ,
or both .
them ?
Why define
Nomenclature know
naming system what to call disorders and
:
a ,
we
their symptoms .
Consensus : people can
person 's diagnosis
agree on a
communication allows mental health professionals to
accurately communicate
:
about
patients and disorders .
Organisation : allows mental health professionals to organise information
about the disorders so that it is accessible
Research :
informs mental health professionals about how to advance
research
Treatment
knowing what
something is provides information about how to
-
.
treat it .
illness ?
Is mental
Myth some that abnormality is social construction
-
a a
say .
Szasz (197-4) argued
that illness is
something that affects only the
body and that
there is no such
thing as mental illness .
Dammann ( 1997 ) disagreed and that cannot draw sharp distinction
argued you a
between illness and mental illness
physical .
,Defining Abnormality : HIDES
Help ( ) ( The Reasoned Action Fishbein &
Seeking Oberoi et al 2016
Theory Of
• -
,
,
Ajzen ,
1975 )
•
Irrationality /Dangerousness ( Skeens et al ,
2002 )
•
Deviance ( Rashed &
Bingham .
2014 )
•
Emotional Distress ( Pfefferbaum & North ,
2020 )
•
Significant Impairment ( Mcknight & kasndan ,
2009 )
;i
÷
Mental Genius
i E-
-
AÉ- Abnormal
PROSENhan and
Seligman 's 7 features of abnormality or mental disorder
1.
Suffering ( distress)
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Vivid and unconventional behaviour .
4. and loss of control
Unpredictability
5.
.
Irrationality and incomprehensibility .
G. Observer discomfort
7. Violation of moral and ideal standards .
The fewer of these features the more normal
they regarqed Think
•
one has are .
in terms of degree of normality / abnormality .
,1 .
Distress / Suffering
.
some conditions are abnormal but do not
cause
suffering .
•
Mania ( Bi -
Polar disorder )
Certain
psychoses
•
of
' '
•
moronic lack awareness
Suffering commonplace
"
is
pain reactions
-
grief
•
reactions
2.
Dysfunctional / Maladaptive Any behaviour that
±
seriously interferes with
daily functioning
•
Distracts care for
or
confuses people they can't
so
•
themselves .
Diminishes well
of being
•
a sense .
•
Part of DSM criteria
•
The more extreme the maladaptive responses ,
the
more abnormal .
Phobic
anxiety
•
•
Obsessive -
compulsive behaviour
But
-
Harmless
individual
Distressing to
-
•
Deviation from social norm
•
In DSM
3.
Deviancy / Rare / Unconventional -
How unusual or extreme is the behaviour ?
•
Statistical contradictions
behaviour is not
uncommon
always
•
abnormal medal
e.
g. winning a
gold
>
Subjective impression
•
fervour Snake healers ;
Religious
e.
•
g-
Polygamy ( Mormon
fundamentalists ; )
Sexual fantasies or
practices e-
•
g.
rubber fetish ; strangulation
Need to combine with
rarity
•
undesirability .
, 4.
Unpredictability + Loss
of control Expectation
. •
we consistent
require people to be
-
and reliable in their behaviour .
•
Prediction
-
If cannot predict how a
we
person
will behave we
feel anxious ( observer
discomfort)
•
•
Control
to what extent is in control
person
-
a
of his / her behaviour
episodic behaviour
-
responsible for actions
•
our .
Legal Implications (
McNaughton Defence)
•
•
5.
Irrationality +
Unpredictability
>
behaviours
Disordered speech and
disorganised
-
unpredictable in schizophrenia .
Manic episodes in Bipolar Disorder exhibit
may
•
such behaviours .
6. Observer Discomfort -
Rules for social interaction
•
Personal space
Body exposure
-
contact
Eye
•
•
Dress codes
criteria
Touching
•
•
speech content
7. Violation of social Norms + Moral standards .
set
by society ;
culture
•
Degree to which we feel embarrassed or
uncomfortable
because of other people 's behaviour
-
broad range of individual differences .
We feel
uncomfortable
stigmatize those who make us
•
-
Salem witch hunts .
Cromer :
2001
the 4 D's -
Elements of Abnormality
•
Deviance •
Dysfunction
Distress Danger
• •
-
explores and attempts to understand abnormal behaviours and
psychopathology ,
including a number of specific Psychological
Disorders
in
☐
These are part defined and characterised
by abnormal
thoughts feelings
,
and behaviours .
☐
Hard to do because what is normal ?
Psychopathology : illness of mind
a scientific study of the
origins Symptoms . ,
and development
disorders
of psychological .
A pattern of psychological symptoms that causes
•
behavioural and
significant personal distress , impairs the ability to function in one
or more important areas
of daily life ,
or both .
them ?
Why define
Nomenclature know
naming system what to call disorders and
:
a ,
we
their symptoms .
Consensus : people can
person 's diagnosis
agree on a
communication allows mental health professionals to
accurately communicate
:
about
patients and disorders .
Organisation : allows mental health professionals to organise information
about the disorders so that it is accessible
Research :
informs mental health professionals about how to advance
research
Treatment
knowing what
something is provides information about how to
-
.
treat it .
illness ?
Is mental
Myth some that abnormality is social construction
-
a a
say .
Szasz (197-4) argued
that illness is
something that affects only the
body and that
there is no such
thing as mental illness .
Dammann ( 1997 ) disagreed and that cannot draw sharp distinction
argued you a
between illness and mental illness
physical .
,Defining Abnormality : HIDES
Help ( ) ( The Reasoned Action Fishbein &
Seeking Oberoi et al 2016
Theory Of
• -
,
,
Ajzen ,
1975 )
•
Irrationality /Dangerousness ( Skeens et al ,
2002 )
•
Deviance ( Rashed &
Bingham .
2014 )
•
Emotional Distress ( Pfefferbaum & North ,
2020 )
•
Significant Impairment ( Mcknight & kasndan ,
2009 )
;i
÷
Mental Genius
i E-
-
AÉ- Abnormal
PROSENhan and
Seligman 's 7 features of abnormality or mental disorder
1.
Suffering ( distress)
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Vivid and unconventional behaviour .
4. and loss of control
Unpredictability
5.
.
Irrationality and incomprehensibility .
G. Observer discomfort
7. Violation of moral and ideal standards .
The fewer of these features the more normal
they regarqed Think
•
one has are .
in terms of degree of normality / abnormality .
,1 .
Distress / Suffering
.
some conditions are abnormal but do not
cause
suffering .
•
Mania ( Bi -
Polar disorder )
Certain
psychoses
•
of
' '
•
moronic lack awareness
Suffering commonplace
"
is
pain reactions
-
grief
•
reactions
2.
Dysfunctional / Maladaptive Any behaviour that
±
seriously interferes with
daily functioning
•
Distracts care for
or
confuses people they can't
so
•
themselves .
Diminishes well
of being
•
a sense .
•
Part of DSM criteria
•
The more extreme the maladaptive responses ,
the
more abnormal .
Phobic
anxiety
•
•
Obsessive -
compulsive behaviour
But
-
Harmless
individual
Distressing to
-
•
Deviation from social norm
•
In DSM
3.
Deviancy / Rare / Unconventional -
How unusual or extreme is the behaviour ?
•
Statistical contradictions
behaviour is not
uncommon
always
•
abnormal medal
e.
g. winning a
gold
>
Subjective impression
•
fervour Snake healers ;
Religious
e.
•
g-
Polygamy ( Mormon
fundamentalists ; )
Sexual fantasies or
practices e-
•
g.
rubber fetish ; strangulation
Need to combine with
rarity
•
undesirability .
, 4.
Unpredictability + Loss
of control Expectation
. •
we consistent
require people to be
-
and reliable in their behaviour .
•
Prediction
-
If cannot predict how a
we
person
will behave we
feel anxious ( observer
discomfort)
•
•
Control
to what extent is in control
person
-
a
of his / her behaviour
episodic behaviour
-
responsible for actions
•
our .
Legal Implications (
McNaughton Defence)
•
•
5.
Irrationality +
Unpredictability
>
behaviours
Disordered speech and
disorganised
-
unpredictable in schizophrenia .
Manic episodes in Bipolar Disorder exhibit
may
•
such behaviours .
6. Observer Discomfort -
Rules for social interaction
•
Personal space
Body exposure
-
contact
Eye
•
•
Dress codes
criteria
Touching
•
•
speech content
7. Violation of social Norms + Moral standards .
set
by society ;
culture
•
Degree to which we feel embarrassed or
uncomfortable
because of other people 's behaviour
-
broad range of individual differences .
We feel
uncomfortable
stigmatize those who make us
•
-
Salem witch hunts .
Cromer :
2001
the 4 D's -
Elements of Abnormality
•
Deviance •
Dysfunction
Distress Danger
• •
