SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Solutions Manual For Microbiology: Principles and
Explorations 9th Edition by Jacquelyn Black, Laura
Black
PRINTED PDF | ORIGINAL DIRECTLY FROM THE PUBLISHER | 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS | DOWNLOAD IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ORDER
Complete Test bank, All Chapters are included.
,CHAPTER 1
SCOPE AND HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY
Chapter Overview
Microbiology is a science course that some students are required to take to fulfill a
prerequisite for a particular program or major, yet few students know what the course encompasses
or what a microbiologist does. In fact, few students even know why they need to study microbiology
at all!
In view of this, the first part of this chapter is devoted to a presentation of how microbiology
relates to all our lives, which microbes we need to be aware of and why, and what kinds of work
microbiologists normally do.
The second part of this chapter provides a brief historical presentation of the most important
developments that transformed microbiology into a "true" science. By studying only the most
significant events along with interesting anecdotes, the student is provided with a fascinating journey
through time without being encumbered with excessive dates and events. Beginning with the first
Biblical accounts, the Greek and Roman contributions, and the events leading to the first
observations of microbes, the student is given the opportunity to understand how difficult it was to
believe in the presence and importance of these microorganisms.
The chapter describes the observation and documentation of microbes by Leeuwenhoek. It
then presents the major contributors to the development of the germ theory of disease, the problems
of the spontaneous generation theory, the work of Louis Pasteur, and the contributions of Robert
Koch. Next comes a brief and fascinating review of the emergence of the many special fields of
microbiology and how they are continually changing and expanding.
In summary, this first chapter provides an excellent opportunity for the instructor to set the
stage for the many exciting and relevant topics that will be discussed in the later chapters.
Chapter Objectives
Describe the scope of microbiology, noting especially the variety of microbes and the kinds of
work that microbiologists do.
Identify two reasons for studying microbiology and explain why each is important.
Summarize the early history of microbiology, noting especially the development of the
microscope.
Cite major events in the development of immunology, virology, chemotherapy, microbial
genetics, and molecular biology.
Teaching Tips
Throughout this instructor’s manual, there will be many opportunities to use technology and
classroom activities in your course. Although many of these are easily available through
websites and other media (newspapers, journals, and movies), some very good animations,
1-1
, online movies, and learning activities are free but you have to register in order to access them.
These are provided under the section Using Technology in Your Microbiology Classroom found
below and will be noted throughout the manual. It would be a good idea to register for these
websites and check some of these over prior to the course in order to be prepared. Have fun!
Have library periodicals that relate to microbiology available for students to peruse. Examples
of interesting publications include Scientific American and Science.
Bring several issues of the American Society of Microbiology journals that highlight jobs
available to microbiologists.
Video: Maps of Life: Science, Society, and the Human Genome Project (46 min, C, VHS) Dr.
James Watson narrates the activities of the Human Genome Project. (53-6500-UJ, CAR)
Have students cut out articles from the local newspaper that relate to microbiology or infectious
diseases.
Video: Louis Pasteur: Germs Cause Disease (18 min, C, VHS) Examines contributions of Louis
Pasteur to the fields of microbiology and medicine. (BN496, IM)
In-Class Activity
Activity – Microbiological history
Time: Approximately 2-3 minutes per student (or group)
Procedures: Have members of the class research either a historical
microbiologist or microbial event such as the plague and give a brief
summary of their findings to the class. The specific topics could be
chosen by the students themselves (making sure there are no
duplications) or given to them in class by drawing from a hat or
assigning them. Then, throughout the course, ask students to identify
information covered in future chapters that relates to their historical
scientist or event. This keeps them looking for connections between
information covered in the first chapter and how it relates to the rest of
the course.
Student Instructions: You will chose (or have chosen for you) a
historical microbiologist or event and you will then need to look up
information on that person or event and give a brief summary to the
class. Then, throughout the course, you should identify when a certain
topic covered in future chapters can apply to your person or event.
Additionally, you can also look at current events in the news that also
apply to your historical perspective.
Specific Suggestions: You will need to make sure two students do not
have the same topic (or you can have them work in teams to build
those skills) and you will want to have the students sign up in advance
to keep track of their person or event. It may be helpful to provide
specific suggestions or topics since students may not be familiar with
many of the scientists and/or events that concern microbiology at the
start of this course.
Objectives: This activity gets students involved from the very
beginning in researching microbiology and being able to identify
1-2
, important events and scientists that have shaped the field of
microbiology. The students will also then have a personal connection
to something for the remainder of the course (and hopefully the rest of
their lives) that will make things more interesting for them. The
ability to make connections with something they have researched in
future chapters and current events helps hold their interest in the
course and provides for a more interesting learning experience.
Using Technology in Your Microbiology Classroom
1. Websites that have good microbiology lesson plans, class activities,
animations, and movies but require registration. Get signed up early so
that you can familiarize yourself with many of the wonderful free
resources available.
http://biology.merlot.org/
The Merlot website requires registration. This site has great learning
materials on microbes and biology in general.
http://www.biosciednet.org/portal/
The BiosciEdNet website requires registration. It is a digital library
portal for teaching and learning in the biological sciences.
http://www.learner.org/resources/series121.html
Unseen Life on Earth: An Introduction to Microbiology website
requires registration. This site was produced by Oregon Public
Broadcasting in association with Baker and Simon Associates and the
American Society for Microbiology. There are 12 half hour videos
and books which can be purchased, but you can also access the videos
for free for use in the classroom.
2. Urge your students to sign up for microbiology podcasts which can be
found at places like Microbe World - http://www.microbeworld.org/
3. Suggest to students that they can also follow current microbiological news
in blogs that can be found at different websites, some of which are listed.
http://www.horizonpress.com/blogger/
http://wordpress.com/tag/microbiology/
http://microbiologybytes.wordpress.com/
Additionally, you can start your own blog for your class by going to
www.blogger.com and signing up.
4. Wikis can also be used in classes and you can create your own for your
class. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki for more information.
5. Annenberg Foundation (registration required) video on The Microbial
Universe http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=1363
Web Destinations
http://www.envsci.rutgers.edu/~phelps/lessons/lesson1.pdf
1-3
Solutions Manual For Microbiology: Principles and
Explorations 9th Edition by Jacquelyn Black, Laura
Black
PRINTED PDF | ORIGINAL DIRECTLY FROM THE PUBLISHER | 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS | DOWNLOAD IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ORDER
Complete Test bank, All Chapters are included.
,CHAPTER 1
SCOPE AND HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY
Chapter Overview
Microbiology is a science course that some students are required to take to fulfill a
prerequisite for a particular program or major, yet few students know what the course encompasses
or what a microbiologist does. In fact, few students even know why they need to study microbiology
at all!
In view of this, the first part of this chapter is devoted to a presentation of how microbiology
relates to all our lives, which microbes we need to be aware of and why, and what kinds of work
microbiologists normally do.
The second part of this chapter provides a brief historical presentation of the most important
developments that transformed microbiology into a "true" science. By studying only the most
significant events along with interesting anecdotes, the student is provided with a fascinating journey
through time without being encumbered with excessive dates and events. Beginning with the first
Biblical accounts, the Greek and Roman contributions, and the events leading to the first
observations of microbes, the student is given the opportunity to understand how difficult it was to
believe in the presence and importance of these microorganisms.
The chapter describes the observation and documentation of microbes by Leeuwenhoek. It
then presents the major contributors to the development of the germ theory of disease, the problems
of the spontaneous generation theory, the work of Louis Pasteur, and the contributions of Robert
Koch. Next comes a brief and fascinating review of the emergence of the many special fields of
microbiology and how they are continually changing and expanding.
In summary, this first chapter provides an excellent opportunity for the instructor to set the
stage for the many exciting and relevant topics that will be discussed in the later chapters.
Chapter Objectives
Describe the scope of microbiology, noting especially the variety of microbes and the kinds of
work that microbiologists do.
Identify two reasons for studying microbiology and explain why each is important.
Summarize the early history of microbiology, noting especially the development of the
microscope.
Cite major events in the development of immunology, virology, chemotherapy, microbial
genetics, and molecular biology.
Teaching Tips
Throughout this instructor’s manual, there will be many opportunities to use technology and
classroom activities in your course. Although many of these are easily available through
websites and other media (newspapers, journals, and movies), some very good animations,
1-1
, online movies, and learning activities are free but you have to register in order to access them.
These are provided under the section Using Technology in Your Microbiology Classroom found
below and will be noted throughout the manual. It would be a good idea to register for these
websites and check some of these over prior to the course in order to be prepared. Have fun!
Have library periodicals that relate to microbiology available for students to peruse. Examples
of interesting publications include Scientific American and Science.
Bring several issues of the American Society of Microbiology journals that highlight jobs
available to microbiologists.
Video: Maps of Life: Science, Society, and the Human Genome Project (46 min, C, VHS) Dr.
James Watson narrates the activities of the Human Genome Project. (53-6500-UJ, CAR)
Have students cut out articles from the local newspaper that relate to microbiology or infectious
diseases.
Video: Louis Pasteur: Germs Cause Disease (18 min, C, VHS) Examines contributions of Louis
Pasteur to the fields of microbiology and medicine. (BN496, IM)
In-Class Activity
Activity – Microbiological history
Time: Approximately 2-3 minutes per student (or group)
Procedures: Have members of the class research either a historical
microbiologist or microbial event such as the plague and give a brief
summary of their findings to the class. The specific topics could be
chosen by the students themselves (making sure there are no
duplications) or given to them in class by drawing from a hat or
assigning them. Then, throughout the course, ask students to identify
information covered in future chapters that relates to their historical
scientist or event. This keeps them looking for connections between
information covered in the first chapter and how it relates to the rest of
the course.
Student Instructions: You will chose (or have chosen for you) a
historical microbiologist or event and you will then need to look up
information on that person or event and give a brief summary to the
class. Then, throughout the course, you should identify when a certain
topic covered in future chapters can apply to your person or event.
Additionally, you can also look at current events in the news that also
apply to your historical perspective.
Specific Suggestions: You will need to make sure two students do not
have the same topic (or you can have them work in teams to build
those skills) and you will want to have the students sign up in advance
to keep track of their person or event. It may be helpful to provide
specific suggestions or topics since students may not be familiar with
many of the scientists and/or events that concern microbiology at the
start of this course.
Objectives: This activity gets students involved from the very
beginning in researching microbiology and being able to identify
1-2
, important events and scientists that have shaped the field of
microbiology. The students will also then have a personal connection
to something for the remainder of the course (and hopefully the rest of
their lives) that will make things more interesting for them. The
ability to make connections with something they have researched in
future chapters and current events helps hold their interest in the
course and provides for a more interesting learning experience.
Using Technology in Your Microbiology Classroom
1. Websites that have good microbiology lesson plans, class activities,
animations, and movies but require registration. Get signed up early so
that you can familiarize yourself with many of the wonderful free
resources available.
http://biology.merlot.org/
The Merlot website requires registration. This site has great learning
materials on microbes and biology in general.
http://www.biosciednet.org/portal/
The BiosciEdNet website requires registration. It is a digital library
portal for teaching and learning in the biological sciences.
http://www.learner.org/resources/series121.html
Unseen Life on Earth: An Introduction to Microbiology website
requires registration. This site was produced by Oregon Public
Broadcasting in association with Baker and Simon Associates and the
American Society for Microbiology. There are 12 half hour videos
and books which can be purchased, but you can also access the videos
for free for use in the classroom.
2. Urge your students to sign up for microbiology podcasts which can be
found at places like Microbe World - http://www.microbeworld.org/
3. Suggest to students that they can also follow current microbiological news
in blogs that can be found at different websites, some of which are listed.
http://www.horizonpress.com/blogger/
http://wordpress.com/tag/microbiology/
http://microbiologybytes.wordpress.com/
Additionally, you can start your own blog for your class by going to
www.blogger.com and signing up.
4. Wikis can also be used in classes and you can create your own for your
class. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki for more information.
5. Annenberg Foundation (registration required) video on The Microbial
Universe http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=1363
Web Destinations
http://www.envsci.rutgers.edu/~phelps/lessons/lesson1.pdf
1-3
