PHI 208

PHI 208 WEEK 3 QUIZ 1. In the video “What Is Just War Theory?” Michael Walzer argues it is important to read the essays and memoir literature of soldiers because (Points : 1) they make the toughest moral decisions on the battlefield they contain critical material regarding the actual experience of war moral arguments about war should ring true to X all of the above 2. According to Nagel, which of the following may be permitted by absolutism, at least in some circumstances? (Points : 1) Intentionally killing an innocent person X Doing something that brings about an innocent person's death Dropping a nuclear bomb on an enemy city Torturing an innocent person 3. Reason is a faculty that we have that: (Points : 1) is only good if it succeeds in satisfying our desires. is the driving principle of a good will. is the fundamental ground of human dignity. XX both B and C 4. Which would be an example of a hypothetical imperative, according to Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: (Points : 1) XX If I want to keep my customers, I should be honest with them. It would be nice if everyone respected each other. I ought never to make a promise that I don’t intend to keep. all of the above. 5. In Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, the maxim of an act is: (Points : 1) XX the policy or principle that you would be following if you did it. the expected overall utility resulting from the action. the moral rule that an act either respects or violates . all of the above. 6. A false promise, according to Kant, is: (Points : 1) XX something that I could never will to be universal law. something that I could will to be universal law only when it benefits the majority. something that I could will to be universal law only when it benefits me. something that I could will to be universal law only when it prevents a greater wrong. 7. According to Kant, the moral worth of an action: (Points : 1) XX lies in its conformity to the moral law. lies in the value of the expected result. lies in its conformity to God’s commands. lies in its usefulness to society. 8. Which one of these is not a way of expressing Kant’s Categorical Imperative? (Points : 1) Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law. Act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means. X Act so that the maxim of your action ensures the satisfaction of your desires. None of the above. 9. In the video “What is Just War Theory?” Michael Walzer states that a core idea of Just War Theory (Points : 1) requires us to imagine the rules of war as they would apply to a peaceful, civil society X requires us to judge the conduct of a war independently of the character of the war requires us to imagine that a war is like a bank robbery, and that the just warrior defending his country has rights the unjust warrior invading his country does not have none of the above 10. In the article “War and Massacre,” Thomas Nagel argues that moral absolutism (Points : 1) is consistent with the principles of utilitarianism can be used to justify genocide X is primarily concerned with what a person is doing is primarily concerned with the outcome of a person’s actions 11. According to the video “Religion, War, and Violence,” Just War Theory asserts that military intervention (Points : 1) X can be seen as an act of altruism must always have an altruistic component must be primarily an act of altruism must never have an altruistic component 12. In the video, “Drones are Ethical and Effective,” Kenneth Anderson states that drones are different from other weapon systems because (Points : 1) X they provide a longer loiter time they involve remote operation they eliminate civilian casualties none of the above 13. According to the video “Religion, War, and Violence,” proponents of Just War Theory agree that without the restraints of Just War Theory (Points : 1) X the violence and aggression of war would be worse humanitarian intervention would be more successful prisoners and noncombatants would have greater equality none of the above 14. Nagel argues that the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were just like what other kind of action, just on a larger scale? (Points : 1) X Killing the wife and child of someone attacking you in order to distract him from his attack. Bombing a munitions factory and killing some of the civilian workers inside. Firing at an enemy soldier and hitting an innocent bystander with a stray bullet. Bombing a convoy of enemy soldiers. 15. Kant claims that the moral law is given to each person by: (Points : 1) God’s commands. XX one’s own rational will. one’s natural desires. social conditioning. 16. In the video, “Drones Are Ethical and Effective,” Kenneth Anderson argues that the use of drones is ethical because @The answer can be found in the video “Drones Are Ethical and Effective” (Points : 1) it provides a greater separation between the target and operator it allows us to maintain a list of high value targets XX it is more precise than other forms of weaponry none of the above 17. Jeremy Waldron argues that drone warfare is neither ethical or effective because it (Points : 1) threatens a world of death lists and death squads promotes the growth of terrorism inhibits the development of counter-terrorism strategies XX all of the above 18. Jeremy Waldron argues that the current use of drone warfare is unethical because (Points : 1) XX it is conducted by unlawful combatants such as CIA personnel who are not subject to military ethics it is conducted by individuals who are thousands of miles removed from targets it may result in unintended civilian casualties all of the above 19. Thomas Nagel argues that all rules of engagement should be governed by the utilitarian principle that (Points : 1) any means can be justified if it leads to a worthy end the greatest good can justify targeting noncombatants we are always justified in attacking the tyranny of the majority XX none of the above 20. Nagel’s argument that hostility or aggression should be directed at its true object means that which of the following would probably not be permissible? (Points : 1) Torturing a prisoner to get the names of his confederates. Attacking an enemy country’s agricultural system. Bombing major cultural centers. XX All of the above.