TEST BANK
Biochemistry: A Short Course
John L. Tymoczko, Jeremy M. Berg, & Lubert Stryer
3rd Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life 2
Chapter 2 Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos 13
Chapter 3 Amino Acids 20
Chapter 4 Protein Three-Dimensional Structure 27
Chapter 5 Techniques in Protein Biochemistry 35
Chapter 6 Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action 43
Chapter 7 Kinetics and Regulation 52
Chapter 8 Mechanisms and Inhibitors 61
Chapter 9 Hemoglobin An Allosteric Protein 70
Chapter 10 Carbohydrates 81
Chapter 11 Lipids 89
Chapter 12 Membrane Structure and Function 98
Chapter 13 Signal-Transduction Pathways 106
Chapter 14 Digestion Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals 114
Chapter 15 Metabolism Basic Concepts and Design 121
Chapter 16 Glycolysis 130
Chapter 17 Gluconeogenesis 139
Chapter 18 Preparation for the Cycle 147
Chapter 19 Harvesting Electrons from the Cycle 154
Chapter 20 The Electron-Transport Chain 163
Chapter 21 The Proton-Motive Force 170
Chapter 22 The Light Reactions 178
Chapter 23 The Calvin Cycle 186
Chapter 24 Glycogen Degradation 195
Chapter 25 Glycogen Synthesis 203
Chapter 26 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway 210
Chapter 27 Fatty Acid Degradation 218
Chapter 28 Fatty Acid Synthesis 226
Chapter 29 Lipid Synthesis 233
Chapter 30 Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle 242
Chapter 31 Amino Acid Synthesis 251
Chapter 32 Nucleotide Metabolism 259
Chapter 33 The Structure of Informational Macromolecules DNA and RNA 267
Chapter 34 DNA Replication 275
Chapter 35 DNA Repair and Recombination 283
Chapter 36 RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes 290
Chapter 37 Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 297
Chapter 38 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes 304
,Chapter 39 The Genetic Code 311
Chapter 40 The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis 318
Chapter 41 Recombinant DNA Techniques 326
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
Chapter 1 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
Matching Questions
Use the following to answer questions 1–10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) uracil
b) cytoplasm
c) protein
d) thymine
e) carbohydrate
f) sugar–phosphate units
g) cell wall
h) transcription
i) glycogen
j) lipid
k) central dogma
l) phagocytosis
m) endoplasmic reticulum
n) translation
o) prokaryotes
p) eukaryotes
q) lysosome
1. DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and
____________.
Ans: d
Section: 1.2
2. ____________: Unbranched polymer that, when folded into its three-
dimensional shape, performs much of the work of the cell.
Ans: c
Section: 1.2
3. ____________: Scheme that describes the flow of information from
one strand of DNA to a new strand of DNA.
Ans: k
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
4. ____________: Process where large amounts of material are taken into
the cell.
Ans: l
Section: 1.3
5. The transfer of information from DNA to RNA is called
____________.
Ans: h
Section: 1.3
6. ____________ are cells that are composed of multiple specialized
compartments.
Ans: p
Section: 1.4
7. ____________: Class of biological macromolecules with many
functions, such as forming barriers between cell organelles, serving as a
metabolic fuel, and cell-to-cell signaling.
Ans: j
Section: 1.2
8. ____________: Highly organized region of the cell where glycolytic
metabolism occurs.
Ans: b
Section: 1.4
9. ____________: Responsible for protein processing and xenobiotic
metabolism.
Ans: m
Section: 1.4
10.. ____________: Filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes.
Ans: q
Section: 1.4
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
11. Organisms are known to be highly uniform at the level.
Ans: molecular Section: Introduction
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
12. After hydrogen and oxygen, the next most common element in living
systems is .
Ans: carbon Section: 1.1
13. A chemical that can dissolve in water is said to be .
Ans: hydrophilic Section: 1.2
14. A nucleotide consists of one or more groups, a 5-carbon ribose
sugar, and a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring group.
Ans: phosphoryl Section: 1.2
15. The most common carbohydrate fuel is .
Ans: glucose Section: 1.2
16. Heritable information is packaged into discrete units called .
Ans: genes Section: 1.3
17. A group of enzymes called catalyze replication.
Ans: DNA polymerase Section: 1.3
18. Although all cells in an organism have the same DNA, tissues differ
due to selective .
Ans: expression Section: 1.3
19. The basic unit of life is considered the .
Ans: cell Section: 1.4
20. Secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release material
outside of the cell via .
Ans: exocytosis Section: 1.4
Multiple-Choice Questions
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
Biochemistry: A Short Course
John L. Tymoczko, Jeremy M. Berg, & Lubert Stryer
3rd Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life 2
Chapter 2 Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos 13
Chapter 3 Amino Acids 20
Chapter 4 Protein Three-Dimensional Structure 27
Chapter 5 Techniques in Protein Biochemistry 35
Chapter 6 Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action 43
Chapter 7 Kinetics and Regulation 52
Chapter 8 Mechanisms and Inhibitors 61
Chapter 9 Hemoglobin An Allosteric Protein 70
Chapter 10 Carbohydrates 81
Chapter 11 Lipids 89
Chapter 12 Membrane Structure and Function 98
Chapter 13 Signal-Transduction Pathways 106
Chapter 14 Digestion Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals 114
Chapter 15 Metabolism Basic Concepts and Design 121
Chapter 16 Glycolysis 130
Chapter 17 Gluconeogenesis 139
Chapter 18 Preparation for the Cycle 147
Chapter 19 Harvesting Electrons from the Cycle 154
Chapter 20 The Electron-Transport Chain 163
Chapter 21 The Proton-Motive Force 170
Chapter 22 The Light Reactions 178
Chapter 23 The Calvin Cycle 186
Chapter 24 Glycogen Degradation 195
Chapter 25 Glycogen Synthesis 203
Chapter 26 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway 210
Chapter 27 Fatty Acid Degradation 218
Chapter 28 Fatty Acid Synthesis 226
Chapter 29 Lipid Synthesis 233
Chapter 30 Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle 242
Chapter 31 Amino Acid Synthesis 251
Chapter 32 Nucleotide Metabolism 259
Chapter 33 The Structure of Informational Macromolecules DNA and RNA 267
Chapter 34 DNA Replication 275
Chapter 35 DNA Repair and Recombination 283
Chapter 36 RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes 290
Chapter 37 Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 297
Chapter 38 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes 304
,Chapter 39 The Genetic Code 311
Chapter 40 The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis 318
Chapter 41 Recombinant DNA Techniques 326
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
Chapter 1 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
Matching Questions
Use the following to answer questions 1–10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) uracil
b) cytoplasm
c) protein
d) thymine
e) carbohydrate
f) sugar–phosphate units
g) cell wall
h) transcription
i) glycogen
j) lipid
k) central dogma
l) phagocytosis
m) endoplasmic reticulum
n) translation
o) prokaryotes
p) eukaryotes
q) lysosome
1. DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and
____________.
Ans: d
Section: 1.2
2. ____________: Unbranched polymer that, when folded into its three-
dimensional shape, performs much of the work of the cell.
Ans: c
Section: 1.2
3. ____________: Scheme that describes the flow of information from
one strand of DNA to a new strand of DNA.
Ans: k
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
4. ____________: Process where large amounts of material are taken into
the cell.
Ans: l
Section: 1.3
5. The transfer of information from DNA to RNA is called
____________.
Ans: h
Section: 1.3
6. ____________ are cells that are composed of multiple specialized
compartments.
Ans: p
Section: 1.4
7. ____________: Class of biological macromolecules with many
functions, such as forming barriers between cell organelles, serving as a
metabolic fuel, and cell-to-cell signaling.
Ans: j
Section: 1.2
8. ____________: Highly organized region of the cell where glycolytic
metabolism occurs.
Ans: b
Section: 1.4
9. ____________: Responsible for protein processing and xenobiotic
metabolism.
Ans: m
Section: 1.4
10.. ____________: Filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes.
Ans: q
Section: 1.4
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
11. Organisms are known to be highly uniform at the level.
Ans: molecular Section: Introduction
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry, A Short Course, 3e (Tymoczko, 2015)
12. After hydrogen and oxygen, the next most common element in living
systems is .
Ans: carbon Section: 1.1
13. A chemical that can dissolve in water is said to be .
Ans: hydrophilic Section: 1.2
14. A nucleotide consists of one or more groups, a 5-carbon ribose
sugar, and a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring group.
Ans: phosphoryl Section: 1.2
15. The most common carbohydrate fuel is .
Ans: glucose Section: 1.2
16. Heritable information is packaged into discrete units called .
Ans: genes Section: 1.3
17. A group of enzymes called catalyze replication.
Ans: DNA polymerase Section: 1.3
18. Although all cells in an organism have the same DNA, tissues differ
due to selective .
Ans: expression Section: 1.3
19. The basic unit of life is considered the .
Ans: cell Section: 1.4
20. Secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release material
outside of the cell via .
Ans: exocytosis Section: 1.4
Multiple-Choice Questions
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3|Page
