Exam (elaborations) NUR2520 TesT 1 BP

limited information is available ○ Its exact function is unclear but may have some influence on mood. ○ Histamine low → sedation and weight gain → give Benadryl (antihistaminic) ● GABA: has widespread distribution in the CNS, with high concentrations in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia, spinal cord, and retina ○ GABA is associated with short inhibitory interneurons, although some long-axon pathways within the brain have now been identified. ○ GABA increased → to decrease anxiety ● Norepinephrine: is found in the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex. It influences mood, cognition, perception, cardiovascular functioning, and sleep and arousal. The neurotransmitter associated with the “fight or flight” syndrome of symptoms that occurs in response to stress. ○ NE low → Depression → Give SNRIs What are the medications used for psychotic disorders? Psychopharmacology (Chap 4 page 34) - See chart What are benzodiazepines used for and FDA approved for? ● Antianxiety → promote the activity of GABA by binding to a specific receptor on the GABAA receptor complex Medications (5 questions) CLASSES ● Anxiolytics → ‘PAMS LAMS’ AKA Benzodiazepines for the treatment of anxiety ○ Librium-chlordiazepoxide, Lorazepam ○ Used for anxiety. Use them short term, they act quick, avoid preg, caffeine, and alcohol. ○ Buspirone ■ Buspirone used for GAD general anxiety disorder. ● Antidepressants → SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MOAIs for treatment of depression ○ SSRI → 1st choice for depression. ■ Prozac-fluoxetine, Paroxetine ■ Anticholinergic effects ■ Give it in the AM ■ Takes 6 weeks to work → wait 2 weeks before MOAI ■ Do EKG cardiac arrhythmias possible ○ SNRI → 2nd generation antidepressant ■ Takes 1-3 weeks for effect → 2-3 months for benefit ■ Encourage compliance and avoid alcohol. ○ TCA → Not the first line of treatment ■ Amitriptyline, Desipramine ■ Oldest class of antidepressants and are still prescribed ■ Not first-line of treatment