@ Rad_student ©
SPR
7000
, GI tract -
Lu "
FUNCTIONS
Digests food :
Breaks food into small units .
Absorbs food
Eliminates waste
1.
Digestion
starts teeth breaks off of food Also breaks food down @ chemical level
in mouth
; piece .
.
%¥¥ʰ%
Chemical
1.1 .
Mechanical Digestion 1.2
Digestion
Oral
cavity chewing ( teeth )
:
stomach :
churning '°b" m" " "
layer ◦+
Small intestine :
segmentation
During elimination :
Haustval movements
2-
Absorption (After digestion)
Duodenum
Jejenum
•
Nutrients / Vitamins / Minerals / salts / Water
H2O also reabsorbed
during elimination process
urinary system
•
+
3. Elimination ( After absorption )
what is left in the
alimentary canal
starts @ cecum
ends @ rectum
fecal matter broken down
Mixes fecal matter with MUCOUS
Absorbs H2O so that feces is soft to leave the
body .
?⃝
, ORAL cavity
Mouth
PHARYNX Larynchedl
-
pharynx
Oropharynx
Naso -
pharynx
is NOT
Nasopharynx part of
digestive system
ESOPHAGUS
25cm long
from throat
,
through mediastinal
cavity of the chest (
diaphragm )
connects to the stomach
STOMACH
Bag that collects food
can expand / Stretch
limited absorption
SMALL intestine
Duodenum , Jejenum and Ileum
coiled in middle of abdominal
cavity
long because it's where absorption occurs
LARGE intestine
Cecum , colon and rectum
Reabsorbs some H2O and ions
forms + stores fecal matter
,ACCESSORY ORGANS :
Needed for
digestion and absorption .
Salivary GLANDS
In the oral
cavity
Produce saliva that contains food for chemical
enzyme ,
that starts to work in on
digestion
GALLBLADDER 1- Liver + PANCREAS
Abdominal cavity
Needs to happen to accomplish its functions .
muscular is externa of
1.
Ingestion :
Placement of food in the oral
cavity .
alimentary canal
2. Propulsion :
Movement of food
through digestive tract .
( swallowing & peristalsis is haustval
,
movements )
3. Mechanical (
Digestion Physically: forces food into smaller pieces chewing & Churning & segmentation )
.
4- Chemical
Digestion : For absorption to take place .
( oral cavity & stomach & small intestine )
5- Absorption Nutrients from lumen blood vessels / ( small large intestine )
can move to
lymph nodes -1
:
.
6- Defecation :
Whatever is left in lumen must leave the
body .
( Rectum & anus )
,PERITONEUM
LU 4
visceral and parietal
large membrane in abdominal cavity
lines the abdominal cavity
2
Layers
AS
large as skin
keeps organs in position
parietal LAYER
External
layer
In contact with abdominal Wall
@rad_student
Visceral Layer
Surrounds / in contact with an
organ
Internal layer
Between Layers
Space called the peritoneal cavity
filled with fluid ( acts like lubricant thus
Not
empty no
pain during peristalsis )
:
,
Increased fluid ascites ( bacterial infection )
pathology
=
3 MAJOR TOPOGRAPHIC LANDMARKS :
1. MESENTARY
Peritoneum surrounds small intestine and
connects it to the post .
abdominal wall .
Surrounds wall
outer
otjejenum
greater ( fatty apron )
2. OMENTUM Lesser
Both connect to the stomach
Lesser :
Connects stomach to liver
i
starts on lesser curvature of stomach
Greater from :
curvature of stomach
greater
:
Connects stomach to transverse colon
:
Hangs over transverse colon , down abdo .
cavity then up to connect
,
3. MESO COLON
Connects
large intestine to post .
abdominal wall
Transverse
ascending descending
,
,
and
sigmoid ( named
according to part of colon that it's connected to )
, RELATIONSHIP OF PERITONEUM TO ORGANS
INTRAPERITONEAL
Organs inside the peritoneum ; surrounded
by visceral peritoneum
liver ; stomach ; spleen ; gallbladder ; jejenum & ileum ; cecum ; transverse colon ;
sigmoid colon .
INFRA PERITONEAL
below the
Organs peritoneum
reproductive organs ; bladder ;
lower rectum
RETROPERITONEAL
organs behind the peritoneum
kidneys ; adrenal gland ; ureters ; aorta & inferior vena cava
;
loop of duodenum ;
C-
pancreas ; ascending & descending colon .
mobile 1
Organs not
ligaments keep them in
place )
@rad_student
, ALIMENTARY
@rad_student
from oral
[ ANG [
cavity
down to colon .
LUMEN
All food and water found here
ingested
MUCOSA 1
Epithelium tissue
Innermost
layer
secretes mucous to allow food to
pass smoothly through lumen
Absorbs all products in duodenum and
jejenum
Protects infections
against
SUB MUCOSA 2
Externally surrounds the mucosa
Alveolar connective tissue
Rich blood
in
supply
Rich in nerve
supply
Rich in
lymphatic supply
Nurishes other three
layers
Muscular is externa 3
surrounds sub mucosa
Muscle layer
Responsible for peristalsis
Inner circular layer forms sphincters
:
Outer
longitudinal layer Responsible for peristalsis
:
SEROUS 9 4
Outermost
layer that surrounds muscular is externa
Alveolar connective tissue
layer
sits up against the visceral
peritoneum
SPR
7000
, GI tract -
Lu "
FUNCTIONS
Digests food :
Breaks food into small units .
Absorbs food
Eliminates waste
1.
Digestion
starts teeth breaks off of food Also breaks food down @ chemical level
in mouth
; piece .
.
%¥¥ʰ%
Chemical
1.1 .
Mechanical Digestion 1.2
Digestion
Oral
cavity chewing ( teeth )
:
stomach :
churning '°b" m" " "
layer ◦+
Small intestine :
segmentation
During elimination :
Haustval movements
2-
Absorption (After digestion)
Duodenum
Jejenum
•
Nutrients / Vitamins / Minerals / salts / Water
H2O also reabsorbed
during elimination process
urinary system
•
+
3. Elimination ( After absorption )
what is left in the
alimentary canal
starts @ cecum
ends @ rectum
fecal matter broken down
Mixes fecal matter with MUCOUS
Absorbs H2O so that feces is soft to leave the
body .
?⃝
, ORAL cavity
Mouth
PHARYNX Larynchedl
-
pharynx
Oropharynx
Naso -
pharynx
is NOT
Nasopharynx part of
digestive system
ESOPHAGUS
25cm long
from throat
,
through mediastinal
cavity of the chest (
diaphragm )
connects to the stomach
STOMACH
Bag that collects food
can expand / Stretch
limited absorption
SMALL intestine
Duodenum , Jejenum and Ileum
coiled in middle of abdominal
cavity
long because it's where absorption occurs
LARGE intestine
Cecum , colon and rectum
Reabsorbs some H2O and ions
forms + stores fecal matter
,ACCESSORY ORGANS :
Needed for
digestion and absorption .
Salivary GLANDS
In the oral
cavity
Produce saliva that contains food for chemical
enzyme ,
that starts to work in on
digestion
GALLBLADDER 1- Liver + PANCREAS
Abdominal cavity
Needs to happen to accomplish its functions .
muscular is externa of
1.
Ingestion :
Placement of food in the oral
cavity .
alimentary canal
2. Propulsion :
Movement of food
through digestive tract .
( swallowing & peristalsis is haustval
,
movements )
3. Mechanical (
Digestion Physically: forces food into smaller pieces chewing & Churning & segmentation )
.
4- Chemical
Digestion : For absorption to take place .
( oral cavity & stomach & small intestine )
5- Absorption Nutrients from lumen blood vessels / ( small large intestine )
can move to
lymph nodes -1
:
.
6- Defecation :
Whatever is left in lumen must leave the
body .
( Rectum & anus )
,PERITONEUM
LU 4
visceral and parietal
large membrane in abdominal cavity
lines the abdominal cavity
2
Layers
AS
large as skin
keeps organs in position
parietal LAYER
External
layer
In contact with abdominal Wall
@rad_student
Visceral Layer
Surrounds / in contact with an
organ
Internal layer
Between Layers
Space called the peritoneal cavity
filled with fluid ( acts like lubricant thus
Not
empty no
pain during peristalsis )
:
,
Increased fluid ascites ( bacterial infection )
pathology
=
3 MAJOR TOPOGRAPHIC LANDMARKS :
1. MESENTARY
Peritoneum surrounds small intestine and
connects it to the post .
abdominal wall .
Surrounds wall
outer
otjejenum
greater ( fatty apron )
2. OMENTUM Lesser
Both connect to the stomach
Lesser :
Connects stomach to liver
i
starts on lesser curvature of stomach
Greater from :
curvature of stomach
greater
:
Connects stomach to transverse colon
:
Hangs over transverse colon , down abdo .
cavity then up to connect
,
3. MESO COLON
Connects
large intestine to post .
abdominal wall
Transverse
ascending descending
,
,
and
sigmoid ( named
according to part of colon that it's connected to )
, RELATIONSHIP OF PERITONEUM TO ORGANS
INTRAPERITONEAL
Organs inside the peritoneum ; surrounded
by visceral peritoneum
liver ; stomach ; spleen ; gallbladder ; jejenum & ileum ; cecum ; transverse colon ;
sigmoid colon .
INFRA PERITONEAL
below the
Organs peritoneum
reproductive organs ; bladder ;
lower rectum
RETROPERITONEAL
organs behind the peritoneum
kidneys ; adrenal gland ; ureters ; aorta & inferior vena cava
;
loop of duodenum ;
C-
pancreas ; ascending & descending colon .
mobile 1
Organs not
ligaments keep them in
place )
@rad_student
, ALIMENTARY
@rad_student
from oral
[ ANG [
cavity
down to colon .
LUMEN
All food and water found here
ingested
MUCOSA 1
Epithelium tissue
Innermost
layer
secretes mucous to allow food to
pass smoothly through lumen
Absorbs all products in duodenum and
jejenum
Protects infections
against
SUB MUCOSA 2
Externally surrounds the mucosa
Alveolar connective tissue
Rich blood
in
supply
Rich in nerve
supply
Rich in
lymphatic supply
Nurishes other three
layers
Muscular is externa 3
surrounds sub mucosa
Muscle layer
Responsible for peristalsis
Inner circular layer forms sphincters
:
Outer
longitudinal layer Responsible for peristalsis
:
SEROUS 9 4
Outermost
layer that surrounds muscular is externa
Alveolar connective tissue
layer
sits up against the visceral
peritoneum
