CDR DTR Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2022/2023

Which of the following indicators is the most practical parameter for screening nutrition status in elderly clients? a. Weight change b. Serum albumin level c. Triceps skinfold thickness d. 24-hour dietary recall record - ANSWER a. Weight change Answer (a) is the correct answer because in older clients, unintentional weight loss is associate with increased risk of depression, infection, overall poor nutrition status, and mortality. Answer (b) is not the correct answer because it is less practical as lab values are less easy to obtain than weight. Answer (c) is not the correct answer because it is less practical because accurate values can be difficult to obtain if the dietetic technician is not trained appropriately, and would need calipers. Answer (d) is not the correct answer because it can be subjective and may not give the "big picture" compared to weight change. Which of the following oils contains the highest proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids? a. Safflower b. Soybean c. Canola d. Corn - ANSWER c. Canola The most effective way to teach a group of children in day care facility about healthy snack foods is to ask each child to: a. name a favorite snack food. b. taste a variety of snack foods. c. draw a picture of a snack food. d. write a story about snack foods. - ANSWER b. taste a variety of snack foods. What is the most appropriate biochemical test result for screening clients of a public health clinic for anemia? a. Transferrin b. Hematocrit c. Serum iron d. Total iron-binding capacity - ANSWER b. Hematocrit Which of the following statements demonstrates an understanding of drug and nutrient interactions between warfarin and dietary intake? a. "I should limit my intake." b. "I should increase my intake." c. "I should eliminate from my diet." d. "I should maintain a consistent intake." - ANSWER d. "I should maintain a consistent intake." A young woman is pregnant, has a 2-year-old child, and has a low income. Which of the following nutrition programs should the dietetic technician suggest? a. Home-Delivered Meals Program b. Child and Adult Care Food Program c. Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program d. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children - ANSWER d. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Answer (d) is the correct answer because The nutrition assistance safety net in the United States includes many programs, some of which target specific nutritionally at-risk groups. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) safeguards the health of low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5 who are at nutritional risk by providing nutritious foods to supplement diets, information on healthy eating, and referrals to health care. Answer (a) is not the correct answer because meals on Wheels is an organization focused on ending hunger among seniors. Its members provide home-delivered meals and meals at congregate meal sites. Answer (b) is not the correct answer because the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) improves the quality and affordability of day care for low-income families by providing nutritious meals and snacks to children, meals and snacks to adults who receive care in nonresidential adult day care centers, meals to children programs. Answer (c) is not the correct answer because the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) assists adults and youth with limited resources in acquiring the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and changed behavior necessary for nutritionally-sound diets and contributes to their personal development and the improvement of the total family diet and nutritional well-being. The primary focus of nutrition care for a man with hypertension and a body mass index of 32 should be to: a. increase potassium intake. b. decrease sodium intake. c. increase calcium intake. d. decrease caloric intake. - ANSWER d. decrease caloric intake. According to the 2015 Hypertension Guidelines of the Evidence Analysis Library, the DASH diet, plus weight reduction has the most significant impact on both systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements for adults with hypertension. Calorie restriction would be an essential part of this weight management/weight reduction. A person living with gastroesophageal reflux disease should stay away from him which of the following items? a. Spicy and caffeinated items b. Bland and decaffeinated items c. Spicy and decaffeinated items d. Bland and caffeinated items - ANSWER a. Spicy and caffeinated items A client who requires 2500 kcal daily to maintain weight consumes 2300 kcals daily and gains 2 lb in 2 days. This suggests that the client: a. overconsumed sugared beverages. b. did not meet exercise requirements. c. ate foods with high fat content. d. retained excessed fluids. - ANSWER d. retained excessed fluids. Which of the following patients is the highest priority for nutrition care? a. A college football player who is dehydrated b. A child who is small in stature and is anemic c. A pregnant adolescent who has hyperemesis d. An older adult who is scheduled for elective surgery - ANSWER c. A pregnant adolescent who has hyperemesis Answer (c) is the correct answer because hyperemesis, or persistent vomiting, will put the adolescent at risk for electrolyte imbalance and malnutrition, since she is not able to keep food down. This includes serious risk to life of fetus and mother, thereby necessitating immediate intervention that includes nutrition, as opposed to the hydration protocol to be used for the college football player. Answer (a) is not the correct answer because dehydration is clearly a medical emergency but does not require nutrition. Counseling on hydration strategies would be great after recovery. Answer (b) is not the correct answer because anemia and small stature indicate long-term malnutrition, which are therefore not emergency situations. Answer (d) is not the correct answer because elective surgery allows for nutritional preparation, which is not an emergency. A patient consumes 1500 kcal/d and has normal renal and cardiac function should consume a minimum of how many liters of fluids per day? a. 1.5 b. 2 c. 2.5 d. 3 - ANSWER a. 1.5 Daily fluid requirement = 1 ml/kcal consumed 1500 kcal consumed/day × 1 ml/kcal consumed = 1500 ml fluid required 1 L = 1000 ml 1500 ml fluid required ÷ 1000 ml/L = 1.5 L fluid required/day A patient diagnosed with protein deficiency may be consuming foods that also lack sufficient: a. zinc. b. sodium. c. calcium. d. magnesium. - ANSWER a. zinc. Which of the following visual aids is most likely to be effective in educating clients about the total fat content of foods? a. A chart listing total fat content b. Food models that illustrate total caloric content c. A printed nutrient analysis of a sample diet d. Fat models equal to fat content of common foods - ANSWER d. Fat models equal to fat content of common foods To ensure the highest long-term learning level of retention, the dietetic technician should ask the client to do which of the following activities? a. Participate in a discussion about the learned task b. Listen to the presentation c. Demonstrate the skill d. Read a handout - ANSWER c. Demonstrate the skill Use the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation below to calculate the basal energy requirement for a 65-year-old woman who is 170 cm tall and weighs 62 kg. Mifflin-St. Jeor equation for women = 10 × weight (kg) + 6.25 × height (cm) − 5 × age (years) - 161 a. 1,200 kcal/day b. 1,500 kcal/day c. 1,250 kcal/day d. 1,550 kcal/day - ANSWER a. 1,200 kcal/day (10 × 62 kg) + (6.25 × 170 cm) - (5 × 65 years) - 161 = 620 + 1062.5 - 325 - 161 = 1196.5 ≈ 1,200 kcal/day Which of the following menus provides the best source of protein and iron for a client on a vegetarian diet? a. Cheese sandwich, apple b. Baked beans, corn bread c. Vegetable stir-fry, hard roll d. Vegetable pasta salad, French bread - ANSWER b. Baked beans, corn bread In a patient with inadequate fluid intake, which of the following laboratory values are most likely to be elevated? a. Creatinine and magnesium b. Glucose and total protein c. Potassium and calcium d. Sodium and BUN - ANSWER d. Sodium and BUN A 20-year-old woman is fatigued and unable to concentrate. Her skin is pale and she is wearing a sweater in a 78°F room. Her hemoglobin level is 8.5 g/dl and hematocrit is 28%. The woman most likely has which the following problems? a. Iron overload b. Pernicious anemia c. Megaloblastic anemia d. Iron-deficiency anemia - ANSWER d. Iron-deficiency anemia Which of the following indicators is commonly monitored among pregnant women who participate in the WIC program? a. Physical activity b. Food aversions c. Folate status d. Iron status - ANSWER d. Iron status While completing a clinical assessment, a dietetic technician notices that the child has bowed legs. The technician would most importantly review the food frequency questionnaire for consumption of: a. nuts and seeds. b. green vegetables. c. fruit and fruit juices. d. fortified dairy products. - ANSWER d. fortified dairy products. The diet history of a 31-year-old woman reveals that she does not drink milk. The technician should first determine whether the patient: a. eats soy products. b. is lactose intolerant. c. takes a calcium supplement. d. eats dark green, leafy vegetables. - ANSWER b. is lactose intolerant. The combination of hypertension, insulin resistance, and central body obesity is referred to as: a. cardiovascular disease. b. hypertensive diabetes. c. metabolic syndrome. d. prediabetic state. - ANSWER c. metabolic syndrome. What is an appropriate food choice for a patient who has thrush? a. Saltine crackers b. Citrus juices c. Consommé d. Ice cream - ANSWER d. Ice cream Consumption of a very low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet is most likely to cause: a. long-term weight loss. b. hypoglycemia. c. diarrhea. d. ketosis. - ANSWER d. ketosis. What would be the most appropriate intervention for a patient with type 2 diabetes, a hemoglobin A₁c, 8.5%, and reports eating throughout the day with occasional midnight snacks? a. Educate the client about the benefits of physical activity. b. Educate the client about carbohydrate counting. c. Obtain a 24-hour dietary recall record. d. Obtain a 3-day calorie count. - ANSWER b. Educate the client about carbohydrate counting. A patient is on a calorie count. How many grams of protein were consumed? Food / Percent Consumed 4 oz of meat loaf / 50% 1 cup of mashed potatoes / 100% ½ cup of cooked green beans / 50% ½ cup of canned peaches / 50% a. 19 b. 21 c. 22 d. 36 - ANSWER b. 21 Which of the following foods can a patient who needs a wheat-free diet safely consume? a. Graham crackers b. Bran flakes c. Couscous d. Rice - ANSWER d. Rice The plot for a prepubescent girl on a weight-for-age growth chart is at the 75th percentile. The child is: a. below the normal range for weight. b. within the normal range for weight. c. above normal range for weight. d. being measured on the wrong chart. - ANSWER b. within the normal range for weight. Which of the following grain products would be the best choice for a patient with diverticulosis? a. Sesame seed crackers b. Cream of rice cereal c. Banana-nut bread d. Bran cereal - ANSWER d. Bran cereal The following menu is low in which of the following nutrients? Breakfast / Lunch /Dinner Cranberry juice / Barley-rice pilaf with carrots / Black bean soup Oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins / Dry rye bread / Whole wheat bread Whole wheat toast / Pineapple and coconut salad / Mixed green salad Tea / Orange / Cantaloupe a. Thiamin b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin B₁₂ d. Ascorbic acid - ANSWER c. Vitamin B₁₂ Which of the following menus would be appropriate for a patient who is on a low potassium diet? a. Roast beef, boiled potatoes, and canned apricots b. Meat loaf, sweet potatoes, creamed peas, and applesauce c. Pork chops, seasoned rice, acorn squash, and canned pears d. Baked chicken, buttered noodles, green beans, and canned peaches - ANSWER d. Baked chicken, buttered noodles, green beans, and canned peaches Total iron requirements are greatest during: a. infancy (0 to 4 months of age). b. early childhood (2 to 4 years of age). c. adolescence. d. menopause. - ANSWER c. adolescence. What is the ideal body weight for a 55-year-old male who is 5′ 11″ tall? a. 172 b. 166 c. 161 d. 155 - ANSWER a. 172 Hamwi method for ideal body weight (IBW): for men = 106 lb for first 5′ + 6 lb for every ″ over 5′, or 6 lb for every ″ under 5′ for women = 100 lb for first 5′ + 5 lb for every ″ over 5′, or 5 lb for every ″ under 5′ 106 lb + (6 lb × 11″) = 106 lb + 66 = 172 lb Which of the following dietary protocols is most important when monitoring a patient