NURS 3320 Test Bank Intravenous Therapy Questions and Answers an Rationale,100% CORRECT

You are training nurses at your hospital to insert midline catheters. What would you teach the nurses about how many inches of the catheter should be inserted into the required site and for how long can it be used? A) 1 to 3 inches, used for up to 3 weeks B) 3 to 6 inches, used for up to 4 weeks C) 7 to 8 inches, used for up to 5 weeks D) 8 to 9 inches, used for up to 6 weeks Ans: B Feedback: A midline catheter is 7 to 8 inches long, but only 3 to 6 inches of the catheter are inserted. This type of catheter can be used for up to 4 weeks before it requires replacement. Therefore, the other options are incorrect. 2. Your client is going out on pass for the afternoon with his family. The physician has ordered that his venipuncture device needs to be temporarily capped. How will you ensure that the vein remains patent? A) Flush the lock with potassium chloride. B) Flush the lock with saline or heparinized saline. C) Flush the lock with cyclical total parenteral nutrition (TPN). D) Flush the lock with colloid solutions. Ans: B Feedback: When a venipuncture device is temporarily capped, the vein is kept patent by flushing the lock with saline or heparinized saline. Deaths have occurred when potassium chloride has been used incorrectly to flush a lock. TPN solutions are used to provide nutrition, and colloid solutions are used to replace circulating blood volume; these solutions are not used to flush locks. 3. You are the emergency department nurse caring for a client who has just been admitted by ambulance for a suspected myocardial infarction. The physician orders IV fluids of normal saline to be hung at 100 mL/hr. You know that this is what type of IV solution? A) Crystalloid B) Colloid C) Hypertonic D) Hypotonic Ans: A Feedback: The two types of IV solutions are crystalloid and colloid solutions. Crystalloid solutions consist of water and uniformly dissolved crystals such as salt (sodium chloride) or sugar (glucose, dextrose). Normal saline is an isotonic crystalloid solution. Colloid solutions are used to replace blood. Hypertonic solutions are rarely used. Hypotonic solutions contain fewer dissolved substances compared with plasma. 4. The nursing instructor is discussing the different types of IV fluids with the nursing students. What type of fluid would the instructor tell the students is used to replace circulating blood? A) Hypertonic solutions B) Crystalloid solutions C) Hypotonic solutions D) Colloid solutions Ans: D Feedback: Colloid solutions are used to replace circulating blood volume because the suspended molecules in the solutions pull fluid from other fluid compartments in the body. Colloids contain blood cells such as RBCs. Crystalloid solutions are made from water and sodium chloride or sugar. Hypotonic solutions contain more dissolved substances compared with plasma. Hypertonic solutions pull fluids into plasma but do not assist with replacement of cells. 5. You are caring for a client who has an order to receive Hespan IV. The client asks you what this solution is for. What would be your response? A) “This solution pulls fluid into the vascular space.” B) “This is a colloid solution used to replace blood.” C) “Hespan is a solution used instead of a transfusion.” D) “Hespan is an artificial blood replacement product.” Ans: A, B, C Feedback: Plasma expanders are nonblood