MICROBIOLOGY STERILE PROCESSING TECHNICIAN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A

MICROBIOLOGY STERILE PROCESSING TECHNICIAN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A Why do we need to study Microbiology? To prevent infections Branch of biology that deals with _________________ and their effects on other living organism. Microorganism Are all microorganism bad for us ? No Are some microorganism good or even essential for us? Yes It's the study of microscopic life measured in __________? Microns A micron is measured as ____________ of an inch. 1/25 thousand Why is it imperative that we need to learn microbiology? To have a basic understanding of ... 1. What they are 2. How are they transmitted 3. How to control them in our enviroment What benefits can be attained by understanding microbiology? To give CS/SPD employees a better decision - making process in selecting..... 1. Cleaning Agents 2. Dis infections 3. Sterilization What are the types of Microorganism? 1. Bacteria 2. Virus 3. Protozoa 4. Fungi What is not considered a microorganism but is of great concern within the healthcare industry? Prions : It is an abnormal protein in the brain resembling virus that does not contain DNA or RNA. What language are most organism derived from? Latin What are the two scientific names assigned to each organism? 1st = Genus (general category) Capitalized 2nd = Species (not capitalized) Bacteria are classified as being either Pathogenic (disease producing) or Non-Pathogenic (non-disease producing) What is used to classify bacteria? Gram Stain Who developed Gram Stain? Hans Christian Gram What is Gram Stain used for ? Identifying different bacteria What are the 2 largest groups of Gram? 1. Gram Positive 2. Gram Negative What is one of the most useful staining technique in medial microbiology? The Gram Method What color does a gram-positive stain microorganism indicate? purple/blue What color does a gram-negative stain microorganism indicate? red/pink By identifying bacteria with the gram stain method, what can be benefited? It helps to determine which drug will be most effective against a disease What does unicellular mean? Each consist of one cell How is unicellular reproduce? By binary fission. During this process the DNA is copied and the cell splits into two cells What do bacteria need? 1. Warmth (ideal human body temperature is 98.6 F/ 37 C) 2. Food (minerals, proteins, carbohydrates) 3. Subdued light/darkness 4. Alkaline (PH level grerater than 7) 5. Eliminate of waste mineral 6. Oxygen 7. Water (this is the major necessity for bacteria to survive) Bacteria may live on relative requirements such as oxygen (O2) Aerobic/ areobes = require oxygen Anaerobic/ anaerobes = do not require oxygen Why is important for us to know what is required for a bacteria to survive? To be able to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganism Cocci round or spherical (berries) Bacilli rod shape (little staffs) Spirochetts cork screw, spiral Gram + Bacilli blue/purple rods Gram - Bacilli red/pink rods Gram + Cocci blue/purple circles Gram - Cocci red/pink circles How do you kill spores? High Heat What is a Capsule? A slimy, waxy layer on the outside of the wall What does MRSA stand for? Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus Aureus What does VRE stand for? Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci What are " SPIROCHETES"? Found in contaminated water, sewage, soil, and decaying organic matter and within the bodies of humans and animals (spiral shape organism) look like worm, spread through mucous membrane, direct sexual contact, transfusion VIRUSES What does Acelullular mean? Has no nucleus, cannot reproduce (HIV, HPV). Requires a living host. Virus is smaller than bacteria. Use electron microscope to view Protozoa are single celled microorganism such as AMOEBAS Virus are not composed of cell. They require a living host. They are so small that most can be seen only with a electron microscopes, and they are ACELLULAR (not celluar). Thus, viruses are much smaller than bacteria. Fungi Single celled YEAST "multi-cellular molds and macroscopic species such as "Mushrooms". Developed from spores or fragments of "Hyphae" (filaments of fungus) What kind of "Opportunistic Infections" are caused by Fungi? 1. Aspergillosis 2. Candidias 3. Cryptococcosis Prions another name TSE " transmissible Spongiform Encephalopthies are a family of rare, progressive degenerative disorders that affect both human and animals. are Prions considered and microorganism? No What is "CJD"? Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease What is "BSE" ? Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (mad cow disease) In Prions, what 3 organs does it have an affinity for? 1. Brain 2. Eye 3. Spinal cord tissue What does MDRO stand for? Multi-Drug-Resistant Organism What are these (MDRO) microorganisms defined as? Mostly bacteria that are resistant to no one or more classes of "antimicrobial agents" What has been the main source of transmission in healthcare and how? Person to person via healthcare workers hands What is AIIR's? Airborne infection isolation rooms Choosing the appropriate anti-microbial process depends on what? Understanding of how microorganism can be controlled and eliminated Why must we learn and understand the basic principles of microbiology? effective application of infection control standards in CS/SPD profession THE TERM PATHOGENIC MEANS DISEASE-PRODUCING WHAT COLOR DO GRAM POSITIVE MICROORGANISMS STAIN BLUE OR PURPLE WHAT COLOR DO GRAM -NEGATIVE MICROORGANISMS STAIN RED OR PINK MICROORGANISM ARE MEASURED IN MICRONS