Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide
Total is 100 Questions = 70 pharmacology + 30 Drug Dosage
Describe what the nurse should advise the client who is having nausea and upset stomach from
erythromycin.
Take this medication with food
Define the following words:
Intrinsic effect
Hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of
cells.
Side effect
Drug side effects are expected, are mild, and do not occur in all patients.
Adverse effect
A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious
health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or toxicity and usually requires intervention by the
prescriber.
Therapeutic effect
Desired effect (main effect) of a drug on specific body cells or tissues; same as intended action.
Describe foods need to be avoided while taking a MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor).
Foods with tyramine (Aged cheese, wine, cured meats);
Processed food; aged food; anything that is found on pizza
Identify medications that apply a protective coating to the stomach.
Enteric Coating
The drugs which most commonly cause stomach ulcers like aspirin, diclofenac and naproxen are
frequently available with enteric coatings.
Reversal agent for Dilaudid (Hydromorphone)
, NALOXONE (NARCAN)
Reversal agent for Xanax (Alprazolam)
Romazicon (Flumazenil)
Reversal agent for opioids
Naloxone
Reversal agent for benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
Reversal agent for warfarin
Vitamin K
Reversal agent for Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
Education about side effects of Ritalin (Ritalin is a CNS stimulant sometimes used to treat narcolepsy;
it causes increased general CNS stimulation to promote wakefulness and reduce the sudden sleepiness of
narcolepsy.)
Why do they take Ritalin- ADHD; ADD
When is the best time to take it- in the morning; might cause insomnia (do not take at bedtime); it is a
stimulus
Check for tachycardia
Common side effects of CNS stimulant drugs used for narcolepsy include hyperactivity, insomnia,
restlessness, tremor, hypertension, palpitation, tachycardia, and loss of appetite (anorexia). Other side
effects include nervousness, headache, upset stomach, diarrhea, mood swings, and depression.
Nursing Interventions prior to the administration of metoprolol
- Monitor for hypotension and bradycardia frequently during dose adjustment and during therapy. Hold if
pulse is less than 60 bpm.
- Administer with meals or directly after eating.
Client teaching for spironolactone
Total is 100 Questions = 70 pharmacology + 30 Drug Dosage
Describe what the nurse should advise the client who is having nausea and upset stomach from
erythromycin.
Take this medication with food
Define the following words:
Intrinsic effect
Hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of
cells.
Side effect
Drug side effects are expected, are mild, and do not occur in all patients.
Adverse effect
A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious
health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or toxicity and usually requires intervention by the
prescriber.
Therapeutic effect
Desired effect (main effect) of a drug on specific body cells or tissues; same as intended action.
Describe foods need to be avoided while taking a MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor).
Foods with tyramine (Aged cheese, wine, cured meats);
Processed food; aged food; anything that is found on pizza
Identify medications that apply a protective coating to the stomach.
Enteric Coating
The drugs which most commonly cause stomach ulcers like aspirin, diclofenac and naproxen are
frequently available with enteric coatings.
Reversal agent for Dilaudid (Hydromorphone)
, NALOXONE (NARCAN)
Reversal agent for Xanax (Alprazolam)
Romazicon (Flumazenil)
Reversal agent for opioids
Naloxone
Reversal agent for benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
Reversal agent for warfarin
Vitamin K
Reversal agent for Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
Education about side effects of Ritalin (Ritalin is a CNS stimulant sometimes used to treat narcolepsy;
it causes increased general CNS stimulation to promote wakefulness and reduce the sudden sleepiness of
narcolepsy.)
Why do they take Ritalin- ADHD; ADD
When is the best time to take it- in the morning; might cause insomnia (do not take at bedtime); it is a
stimulus
Check for tachycardia
Common side effects of CNS stimulant drugs used for narcolepsy include hyperactivity, insomnia,
restlessness, tremor, hypertension, palpitation, tachycardia, and loss of appetite (anorexia). Other side
effects include nervousness, headache, upset stomach, diarrhea, mood swings, and depression.
Nursing Interventions prior to the administration of metoprolol
- Monitor for hypotension and bradycardia frequently during dose adjustment and during therapy. Hold if
pulse is less than 60 bpm.
- Administer with meals or directly after eating.
Client teaching for spironolactone
