Chapter 1
Multiple Choice: (20)
1. The process of gathering and analyzing data in a systematic and controlled way using
techniques and procedures that are accepted by other scientists in a discipline is
commonly referred to as...
A) Speculation
B) Counter-Intuitive Induction
C) Science
D) Deductive Introspection
Answer: C
2. Strategies utilized by scientists to gather and analyze scientific data are referred to as
what?
A) Methods
B) Modus Operandi
C) Operational Nox
D) Formation
Answer: A
3. Hypotheses are best described as...
A) Proposed and testable explanations about reality that are bound together by logic and
evidence
B) Laws governing the coherence of social and criminal phenomena
C) A set of rules governing the application of statistical analytic techniques for
examining quantitative data
D) A single proposition, deduced from a theory that must hold true in order for the
theory itself to be considered valid
Answer: D
4. Which of the terms below can best be described as a set of proposed and testable
explanations about reality that are bound together by logic and evidence?
,A) Validity
B) Hypothesis
C) Law
D) Theory
Answer: D
5. Studies intending to assess whether programs or interventions are effective are
referred to as what style of research?
A) Evaluation Research
B) Exploratory Research
C) Confounding Research
D) Matriculation Research
Answer: A
6. A “sample” can best be described as...
A) The grouping of people, places, and objects used to generalize to the population
B) A subset pulled from a population with the goal of ultimately using the people,
objects, or places in the sample as a way to generalize to the population
C) The entire set, or universe, of people, places, or objects used to generalize to a
population
D) A technique utilized by social science researchers in attempts to prove existing
theoretical propositions true in the general population
Answer: B
7. In order to ensure that a sample mirrors the population from which it was drawn a
scientist would employ which type of sampling technique?
A) Quota Sampling
B) Purposive Sampling
C) Probability Sampling
D) Snowball Sampling
Answer: C
8. Despite suffering from a variety of problems, why is the NCVS considered so useful
for research?
,A) The NCVS is actually not all that useful because it is replete with methodological
errors
B) The NCVS is useful due to the fact that it facilitates research into the characteristics
of crime victims
C) The NCVS is only useful because it contains files that are quite small and easy to
interpret
D) The NCVS is not useful at all but because it is so widely published researcher make
use of its limited information
Answer: B
10. Two sources of actual, real-world data used in this text are...
A) UCR and NCVS
B) MMPI and BJS
C) ICPSR and MMPI
D) DSM and ICPSR
Answer: A
11. Crimes reported within the Uniform Crime Report are sorted into 8 index offenses.
Which of the following represent those specific indices?
A) Aggravated manslaughter, vehicular homicide, pedophilia, human trafficking, drug
possession, environmental offenses, piracy, infanticide
B) Terroristic assault, hate crimes, murder, manslaughter, infanticide, patricide, drug
offenses, suicide
C) Pedophilia, necrophilia, kidnapping, white collar crime, airline hijacking, human
trafficking, drug trafficking, traffic offenses
D) Homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle
theft, and arson
Answer: D
12. The organization that is responsible for the collection of data for the Uniform Crime
Reports is the...
A) Federal Bureau of Investigation
B) Central Intelligence Agency
C) American University
D) Bureau of Justice Statistics
, Answer: A
13. The Uniform Crime Reports conform to the ‘hierarchy rule’, meaning what?
A) In multiple-crime incidents only the most serious offense is reported
B) In multiple-crime incidents every offense is recorded in official records
C) In multiple-crime incidents each crime is reported but the most serious offense is
listed first
D) In all criminal incidents larger, metropolitan law enforcement organizations are given
prominence with crimes committed in rural areas listed in special indices of the UCR
Answer: A
14. The most obvious weakness of the Uniform Crime Report rests on what?
A) The fact that rural crime is too often relegated to lower ranking indices
B) The fact that only those crime brought to the attention of the police are included in the
database
C) The fact that the continued use of multi-stage cluster sampling prevents serious
analysis at the individual case level
D) The fact that the vast majority of data collected and included in the UCR is relegated
for use by specially designated federal agents only
Answer: B
15. The National Crime Victimization Survey is conducted by which agency?
A) The Federal Bureau of Investigation
B) The Central Intelligence Agency
C) The Bureau of the Census
D) The Inter-University Consortium on Political and Social Research
Answer: C
16. GIGO, an acronym commonly used in both computer science and the discipline of
statistics is used to represent what phrase?
A) Gig In Gig Out
B) Going In Going Out
C) Gang In Gang Out
D) Garbage In Garbage Out
Multiple Choice: (20)
1. The process of gathering and analyzing data in a systematic and controlled way using
techniques and procedures that are accepted by other scientists in a discipline is
commonly referred to as...
A) Speculation
B) Counter-Intuitive Induction
C) Science
D) Deductive Introspection
Answer: C
2. Strategies utilized by scientists to gather and analyze scientific data are referred to as
what?
A) Methods
B) Modus Operandi
C) Operational Nox
D) Formation
Answer: A
3. Hypotheses are best described as...
A) Proposed and testable explanations about reality that are bound together by logic and
evidence
B) Laws governing the coherence of social and criminal phenomena
C) A set of rules governing the application of statistical analytic techniques for
examining quantitative data
D) A single proposition, deduced from a theory that must hold true in order for the
theory itself to be considered valid
Answer: D
4. Which of the terms below can best be described as a set of proposed and testable
explanations about reality that are bound together by logic and evidence?
,A) Validity
B) Hypothesis
C) Law
D) Theory
Answer: D
5. Studies intending to assess whether programs or interventions are effective are
referred to as what style of research?
A) Evaluation Research
B) Exploratory Research
C) Confounding Research
D) Matriculation Research
Answer: A
6. A “sample” can best be described as...
A) The grouping of people, places, and objects used to generalize to the population
B) A subset pulled from a population with the goal of ultimately using the people,
objects, or places in the sample as a way to generalize to the population
C) The entire set, or universe, of people, places, or objects used to generalize to a
population
D) A technique utilized by social science researchers in attempts to prove existing
theoretical propositions true in the general population
Answer: B
7. In order to ensure that a sample mirrors the population from which it was drawn a
scientist would employ which type of sampling technique?
A) Quota Sampling
B) Purposive Sampling
C) Probability Sampling
D) Snowball Sampling
Answer: C
8. Despite suffering from a variety of problems, why is the NCVS considered so useful
for research?
,A) The NCVS is actually not all that useful because it is replete with methodological
errors
B) The NCVS is useful due to the fact that it facilitates research into the characteristics
of crime victims
C) The NCVS is only useful because it contains files that are quite small and easy to
interpret
D) The NCVS is not useful at all but because it is so widely published researcher make
use of its limited information
Answer: B
10. Two sources of actual, real-world data used in this text are...
A) UCR and NCVS
B) MMPI and BJS
C) ICPSR and MMPI
D) DSM and ICPSR
Answer: A
11. Crimes reported within the Uniform Crime Report are sorted into 8 index offenses.
Which of the following represent those specific indices?
A) Aggravated manslaughter, vehicular homicide, pedophilia, human trafficking, drug
possession, environmental offenses, piracy, infanticide
B) Terroristic assault, hate crimes, murder, manslaughter, infanticide, patricide, drug
offenses, suicide
C) Pedophilia, necrophilia, kidnapping, white collar crime, airline hijacking, human
trafficking, drug trafficking, traffic offenses
D) Homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle
theft, and arson
Answer: D
12. The organization that is responsible for the collection of data for the Uniform Crime
Reports is the...
A) Federal Bureau of Investigation
B) Central Intelligence Agency
C) American University
D) Bureau of Justice Statistics
, Answer: A
13. The Uniform Crime Reports conform to the ‘hierarchy rule’, meaning what?
A) In multiple-crime incidents only the most serious offense is reported
B) In multiple-crime incidents every offense is recorded in official records
C) In multiple-crime incidents each crime is reported but the most serious offense is
listed first
D) In all criminal incidents larger, metropolitan law enforcement organizations are given
prominence with crimes committed in rural areas listed in special indices of the UCR
Answer: A
14. The most obvious weakness of the Uniform Crime Report rests on what?
A) The fact that rural crime is too often relegated to lower ranking indices
B) The fact that only those crime brought to the attention of the police are included in the
database
C) The fact that the continued use of multi-stage cluster sampling prevents serious
analysis at the individual case level
D) The fact that the vast majority of data collected and included in the UCR is relegated
for use by specially designated federal agents only
Answer: B
15. The National Crime Victimization Survey is conducted by which agency?
A) The Federal Bureau of Investigation
B) The Central Intelligence Agency
C) The Bureau of the Census
D) The Inter-University Consortium on Political and Social Research
Answer: C
16. GIGO, an acronym commonly used in both computer science and the discipline of
statistics is used to represent what phrase?
A) Gig In Gig Out
B) Going In Going Out
C) Gang In Gang Out
D) Garbage In Garbage Out
