HEALTH SCI 2711
2711 - Mental Health Issues.
Mental Health Issues & Treatment
Jeanne Philips: Replies were around the access to a mental health
professional
— Concerns about where to go or who to see was ranked the most
— Significant barriers to receiving care was ranked the second most
Introduction
• 1/5 Canadians will experience a diagnosable mental health disorder
• 20-22% of older adults may meet criteria for a mental disorder (like
dementia)
• Prevalence rates of anxiety, mood, impulse-control and substance-use
disorder are lower in older adults
Abnormal
— Feeling personal or subjective distress
— Being impaired in everyday life
— Putting the self or other people at risk of harm
— Engaging in behaviour socially or culturally unacceptable
Psychological Disorders
— Range of behaviours and experiences that fall outside social norms
— Create adaptational difficulty for the individual on a daily basis
— Put the individual or others at risk of harm
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)
— Sets of behaviours must meet the conditions of abnormality criteria in
it
— Major reference used by mental health professionals in USA & CAN
— To signees people with psychological disorders
To assign a diagnosis:
• Clinician must determine whether the client meets the minimum
number of specific criteria required for the diagnosis to be applied
• Clinician has to use separate ratings to indicate how much stress
the individual is experiencing and what level of functioning they
demonstrate at the time of evaluation
Selected Diagnoses in the DSM-5 as Observed in Older Adults
Category Description Examples Important
Considerations for
Older Adults
Depressive Prolonged sad mood Major depressive disorder, may appear as
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 07-22-2022 09:29:07 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/32434131/2711-Mental-Health-Issuesdocx/
, HEALTH SCI 2711
2711 - Mental Health Issues.
Disorders persistent depressive cognitive impairment
disorder or physical symptoms
Anxiety Intense worry or Generalized anxiety disorder Symptoms may
Disorders apprehension panic disorder, specific present or coexist with
phobia, medical symptoms
Schizophreni Psychotic symptoms Schizophrenia, Likelihood of complete
a Spectrum such as distortion of schizoaffective disorder, remission is 20%–25%.
and other reality and serious catatonia disorder, The lifetime risk of
Psychotic impairment in thinking, delusional disorder, brief suicide is much higher.
Disorders behaviour, affect, and psychotic disorder,
motivation schizotypal personality
disorder
Neurocogniti Significant loss of Delirium, major and mild Delirium may
ve Disorders cognition as a result of neurocognitive disorder be
neurological misdiagnosed as
dysfunction dementia
Substance- Use of, intoxication
Alcohol use disorder; Older adults are more
related and by, or withdrawal from
sedative-, hypnotic-, or at risk than often
Addictive psychoactive anxiolytic-related disorders thought
disorder substances
Many will not meet all of the diagnostic criteria for a disorder but may
exhibit some symptoms
Major Depressive Disorder
— Major Symptom = extremely sad mood lasts at least 2 weeks and is not
typical of the individual’s usual mood.
— Other Symptoms = appetite and sleep disturbances, feelings of guilt, difficulty
concentrating, and a low sense of self-worth.
— 16.6% of adults meet this diagnostic criteria (represents lifetime prevalence –
including anyone who has ever received this diagnosis)
— Women are 70% more likely to have it at some point in life
— 20% of older women have subclinical depression
— Men have more depressive symptoms b/w ages 60-80
— .: the rates of depressive symptoms in women and men are roughly equal
— Adults 59- are twice as likely to have experience it
— Psychological symptoms are less likely to be acknowledged by older adults
– they seek more physical symptoms like pain and abdominal disturbances
Diagnosing Older Adults with Depression
— Physicians spend less time per visit with an older patient than a younger one
— Many mental health problems among the elderly could be prevented if they were
diagnosed early and treated appropriately
— Some may assume that depression is a natural consequence of aging
and therefore pay less attention to its symptoms.
— Some may wish to avoid stigmatizing older clients by diagnosing them with a
psychological disorder
— There may also be misdiagnosis, because the symptoms of mood disorders occur
in conjunction with a medical condition, leading to physicians failing to detect a
mood disorder or misattributing the symptoms to a physical cause
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 07-22-2022 09:29:07 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/32434131/2711-Mental-Health-Issuesdocx/
2711 - Mental Health Issues.
Mental Health Issues & Treatment
Jeanne Philips: Replies were around the access to a mental health
professional
— Concerns about where to go or who to see was ranked the most
— Significant barriers to receiving care was ranked the second most
Introduction
• 1/5 Canadians will experience a diagnosable mental health disorder
• 20-22% of older adults may meet criteria for a mental disorder (like
dementia)
• Prevalence rates of anxiety, mood, impulse-control and substance-use
disorder are lower in older adults
Abnormal
— Feeling personal or subjective distress
— Being impaired in everyday life
— Putting the self or other people at risk of harm
— Engaging in behaviour socially or culturally unacceptable
Psychological Disorders
— Range of behaviours and experiences that fall outside social norms
— Create adaptational difficulty for the individual on a daily basis
— Put the individual or others at risk of harm
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)
— Sets of behaviours must meet the conditions of abnormality criteria in
it
— Major reference used by mental health professionals in USA & CAN
— To signees people with psychological disorders
To assign a diagnosis:
• Clinician must determine whether the client meets the minimum
number of specific criteria required for the diagnosis to be applied
• Clinician has to use separate ratings to indicate how much stress
the individual is experiencing and what level of functioning they
demonstrate at the time of evaluation
Selected Diagnoses in the DSM-5 as Observed in Older Adults
Category Description Examples Important
Considerations for
Older Adults
Depressive Prolonged sad mood Major depressive disorder, may appear as
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 07-22-2022 09:29:07 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/32434131/2711-Mental-Health-Issuesdocx/
, HEALTH SCI 2711
2711 - Mental Health Issues.
Disorders persistent depressive cognitive impairment
disorder or physical symptoms
Anxiety Intense worry or Generalized anxiety disorder Symptoms may
Disorders apprehension panic disorder, specific present or coexist with
phobia, medical symptoms
Schizophreni Psychotic symptoms Schizophrenia, Likelihood of complete
a Spectrum such as distortion of schizoaffective disorder, remission is 20%–25%.
and other reality and serious catatonia disorder, The lifetime risk of
Psychotic impairment in thinking, delusional disorder, brief suicide is much higher.
Disorders behaviour, affect, and psychotic disorder,
motivation schizotypal personality
disorder
Neurocogniti Significant loss of Delirium, major and mild Delirium may
ve Disorders cognition as a result of neurocognitive disorder be
neurological misdiagnosed as
dysfunction dementia
Substance- Use of, intoxication
Alcohol use disorder; Older adults are more
related and by, or withdrawal from
sedative-, hypnotic-, or at risk than often
Addictive psychoactive anxiolytic-related disorders thought
disorder substances
Many will not meet all of the diagnostic criteria for a disorder but may
exhibit some symptoms
Major Depressive Disorder
— Major Symptom = extremely sad mood lasts at least 2 weeks and is not
typical of the individual’s usual mood.
— Other Symptoms = appetite and sleep disturbances, feelings of guilt, difficulty
concentrating, and a low sense of self-worth.
— 16.6% of adults meet this diagnostic criteria (represents lifetime prevalence –
including anyone who has ever received this diagnosis)
— Women are 70% more likely to have it at some point in life
— 20% of older women have subclinical depression
— Men have more depressive symptoms b/w ages 60-80
— .: the rates of depressive symptoms in women and men are roughly equal
— Adults 59- are twice as likely to have experience it
— Psychological symptoms are less likely to be acknowledged by older adults
– they seek more physical symptoms like pain and abdominal disturbances
Diagnosing Older Adults with Depression
— Physicians spend less time per visit with an older patient than a younger one
— Many mental health problems among the elderly could be prevented if they were
diagnosed early and treated appropriately
— Some may assume that depression is a natural consequence of aging
and therefore pay less attention to its symptoms.
— Some may wish to avoid stigmatizing older clients by diagnosing them with a
psychological disorder
— There may also be misdiagnosis, because the symptoms of mood disorders occur
in conjunction with a medical condition, leading to physicians failing to detect a
mood disorder or misattributing the symptoms to a physical cause
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 07-22-2022 09:29:07 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/32434131/2711-Mental-Health-Issuesdocx/
