Compounds
Containing
Carbonyl
Compounds
, Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes: the carbon bonded to the oxygen has Ketones: the carbonyl compound has two or
at least one hydrogen atom bonded to it (written groups, represented by R and R’
as RCHO) Name ends in -one
Name ends in -al
PROPANONE
ETHANAL
*No ketone with fewer than 3 carbon atoms
*The aldehyde group can only occur at the end of possible
a chain, so the numbering system is not needed *With larger numbers of carbon atoms, num
to show its location are needed to locate the carbonyl group in t
*The double bond is caused by an overlap with a chain (e.g., propan-2-one)
2p orbital, forming a pi bond *The double bond is caused by an overlap w
2p orbital, forming a pi bond
Intermolecular Forces
Pure carbonyls cannot hydrogen bond to themselves, but are attracted instead by
permanent dipole forces
Containing
Carbonyl
Compounds
, Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes: the carbon bonded to the oxygen has Ketones: the carbonyl compound has two or
at least one hydrogen atom bonded to it (written groups, represented by R and R’
as RCHO) Name ends in -one
Name ends in -al
PROPANONE
ETHANAL
*No ketone with fewer than 3 carbon atoms
*The aldehyde group can only occur at the end of possible
a chain, so the numbering system is not needed *With larger numbers of carbon atoms, num
to show its location are needed to locate the carbonyl group in t
*The double bond is caused by an overlap with a chain (e.g., propan-2-one)
2p orbital, forming a pi bond *The double bond is caused by an overlap w
2p orbital, forming a pi bond
Intermolecular Forces
Pure carbonyls cannot hydrogen bond to themselves, but are attracted instead by
permanent dipole forces
