Chapter 1 – Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces Influencing the
Development of Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Nursing practice is influenced by:
a. history. d. political factors.
b. spiritual beliefs. e. All of the above
c. religious practice.
ANS: E PTS: 1
2. Empathy is a motive for:
a. meeting the needs of others. c. becoming a nurse.
b. moral reasoning and action. d. determining right from wrong.
ANS: B PTS: 1
3. Professions exist to meet the:
a. needs of employers. c. needs of society.
b. needs of individuals. d. needs of families.
ANS: C PTS: 1
4. Florence Nightingale was a:
a. model for all nurses. d. social reformer.
b. nurse. e. All of the above
, c. statistician.
ANS: E PTS: 1
5. Helping professionals find their origin in:
a. inhumane actions. d. individual values.
b. perceived social need. e. All except A
c. accepted moral needs. f. B and C only
ANS: E PTS: 1
6. The overarching belief system of a culture that deals with the culture’s beliefs about the nature of
the universe is termed:
a. cosmology. c. values.
b. religion. d. astrology.
ANS: A PTS: 1
7. During the Middle Ages:
a. religions and church-sanctioned secular nursing orders afforded the only legitimate avenue
for women wishing to become nurses.
b. there was an upsurge in the respect afforded to nursing and midwifery, and nurses began
to practice autonomously.
c. healing arts in Denmark and Greece were performed in sacred ceremonies by priests,
priestesses, or shamans.
d. most nurses were women of high social status.
ANS: A PTS: 1
, 8. The “Dark Period of Nursing” when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards
provided hospital nursing care occurred during the:
a. Reformation. c. Middle Ages.
b. Crusades. d. early Christian era.
ANS: A PTS: 1
9. The concept of social need is important to the ethical foundations of the nursing professional
because:
a. nurses must determine the health needs of society.
b. nursing finds its origin, purpose, and meaning within the context of perceived social need.
c. theories of sociology are utilized by nursing scholars, many of whom view them as
conceptual frameworks for nursing practice.
d. social need determines the boundaries of the ethical principles of distributive justice,
beneficence, and nonmaleficence.
ANS: B PTS: 1
10. The social status of women affects the status of the nursing profession because:
a. nursing has traditionally been a profession of women.
b. throughout history, nurses have been afforded higher social status.
c. women of higher social status rarely become nurses.
d. women are more skilled than men at nurturing others.
ANS: A PTS: 1
, Chapter 2 – Ethical Theory
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Ethics is:
a. a formal process of making illogical and consistent decisions based upon one’s beliefs.
b. a formal process of making logical and random decisions based upon moral beliefs.
c. a formal process of making logical and consistent decisions based upon moral beliefs.
d. a formal process of making logical and consistent decisions based upon religious beliefs.
ANS: C PTS: 1
2. The belief that people can figure out absolute moral rules that derive from the universe or a
supreme being is the basis for which moral perspective?
a. Moral belief c. Deontology
b. Rationalism d. Naturalism
ANS: B PTS: 1
3. The nurse maintained confidentiality regarding a patient’s terminal illness even though family
members would have provided emotional and financial support to the patient had they known of
the diagnosis. Adhering to this principle regardless of outcome is an example of the application of
which ethical theory?
a. Deontology c. Rationalism
b. Naturalism d. Utilitarianism
ANS: A PTS: 1
Development of Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Nursing practice is influenced by:
a. history. d. political factors.
b. spiritual beliefs. e. All of the above
c. religious practice.
ANS: E PTS: 1
2. Empathy is a motive for:
a. meeting the needs of others. c. becoming a nurse.
b. moral reasoning and action. d. determining right from wrong.
ANS: B PTS: 1
3. Professions exist to meet the:
a. needs of employers. c. needs of society.
b. needs of individuals. d. needs of families.
ANS: C PTS: 1
4. Florence Nightingale was a:
a. model for all nurses. d. social reformer.
b. nurse. e. All of the above
, c. statistician.
ANS: E PTS: 1
5. Helping professionals find their origin in:
a. inhumane actions. d. individual values.
b. perceived social need. e. All except A
c. accepted moral needs. f. B and C only
ANS: E PTS: 1
6. The overarching belief system of a culture that deals with the culture’s beliefs about the nature of
the universe is termed:
a. cosmology. c. values.
b. religion. d. astrology.
ANS: A PTS: 1
7. During the Middle Ages:
a. religions and church-sanctioned secular nursing orders afforded the only legitimate avenue
for women wishing to become nurses.
b. there was an upsurge in the respect afforded to nursing and midwifery, and nurses began
to practice autonomously.
c. healing arts in Denmark and Greece were performed in sacred ceremonies by priests,
priestesses, or shamans.
d. most nurses were women of high social status.
ANS: A PTS: 1
, 8. The “Dark Period of Nursing” when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards
provided hospital nursing care occurred during the:
a. Reformation. c. Middle Ages.
b. Crusades. d. early Christian era.
ANS: A PTS: 1
9. The concept of social need is important to the ethical foundations of the nursing professional
because:
a. nurses must determine the health needs of society.
b. nursing finds its origin, purpose, and meaning within the context of perceived social need.
c. theories of sociology are utilized by nursing scholars, many of whom view them as
conceptual frameworks for nursing practice.
d. social need determines the boundaries of the ethical principles of distributive justice,
beneficence, and nonmaleficence.
ANS: B PTS: 1
10. The social status of women affects the status of the nursing profession because:
a. nursing has traditionally been a profession of women.
b. throughout history, nurses have been afforded higher social status.
c. women of higher social status rarely become nurses.
d. women are more skilled than men at nurturing others.
ANS: A PTS: 1
, Chapter 2 – Ethical Theory
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Ethics is:
a. a formal process of making illogical and consistent decisions based upon one’s beliefs.
b. a formal process of making logical and random decisions based upon moral beliefs.
c. a formal process of making logical and consistent decisions based upon moral beliefs.
d. a formal process of making logical and consistent decisions based upon religious beliefs.
ANS: C PTS: 1
2. The belief that people can figure out absolute moral rules that derive from the universe or a
supreme being is the basis for which moral perspective?
a. Moral belief c. Deontology
b. Rationalism d. Naturalism
ANS: B PTS: 1
3. The nurse maintained confidentiality regarding a patient’s terminal illness even though family
members would have provided emotional and financial support to the patient had they known of
the diagnosis. Adhering to this principle regardless of outcome is an example of the application of
which ethical theory?
a. Deontology c. Rationalism
b. Naturalism d. Utilitarianism
ANS: A PTS: 1
