P R O B L E M–B A S E D
P H Y S I O L O G Y
Robert G. Carroll, PhD
Professor of Physiology
Brody School of Medicine
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina
,1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
PROBLEM-BASED PHYSIOLOGY ISBN 978-1-4160-4217-4
Copyright © 2010 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly
from Elsevier’s Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK); fax:
(+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: . You may also complete your request on-line
via the Elsevier website at www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Notice
Medical knowledge is constantly changing. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but as new
research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may
become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current product information
provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered to verify the recommended dose,
the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the
practitioner, relying on experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best
treatment for each individual patient. Neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any liability for
any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Carroll, Robert G.
Problem-based physiology / Robert G. Carroll. — 1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-4217-4
1. Physiology, Pathological—Case studies. I. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Pathology—Case Reports. 2. Physiology—Case Reports. QT 104 C319p 2010]
RB113.C25 2010
616.07—dc22
2008040746
Acquisitions Editor: William R. Schmitt
Developmental Editor: Barbara Cicalese
Publishing Services Manager: Hemamalini Rajendrababu
Project Manager: Srikumar Narayanan
Design Direction: Gene Harris
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, DEDICATION
To Bettie Ann and to my children Anne Corinne, Elise, and Graham,
for 24 years of love, joy, and friendship
RGC
, This page intentionally left blank
P H Y S I O L O G Y
Robert G. Carroll, PhD
Professor of Physiology
Brody School of Medicine
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina
,1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
PROBLEM-BASED PHYSIOLOGY ISBN 978-1-4160-4217-4
Copyright © 2010 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly
from Elsevier’s Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK); fax:
(+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: . You may also complete your request on-line
via the Elsevier website at www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Notice
Medical knowledge is constantly changing. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but as new
research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may
become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current product information
provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered to verify the recommended dose,
the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the
practitioner, relying on experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best
treatment for each individual patient. Neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any liability for
any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Carroll, Robert G.
Problem-based physiology / Robert G. Carroll. — 1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-4217-4
1. Physiology, Pathological—Case studies. I. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Pathology—Case Reports. 2. Physiology—Case Reports. QT 104 C319p 2010]
RB113.C25 2010
616.07—dc22
2008040746
Acquisitions Editor: William R. Schmitt
Developmental Editor: Barbara Cicalese
Publishing Services Manager: Hemamalini Rajendrababu
Project Manager: Srikumar Narayanan
Design Direction: Gene Harris
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, DEDICATION
To Bettie Ann and to my children Anne Corinne, Elise, and Graham,
for 24 years of love, joy, and friendship
RGC
, This page intentionally left blank
