Pediatrics Developmental Milestones questions and answers

Pediatrics Developmental MilestonesGross Motor: flexed posture; low tone Answer- newborn Gross Motor: Head up when prone Answer- 2 months Gross Motor: Rolling over Answer- 4 months Gross Motor: Sitting up Answer- 6 months Gross Motor: Pulling to stand Answer- 9 months Gross Motor: Walking Answer- 12 months Gross Motor: Stoop and recover Answer- 18 months Gross Motor: Jump on two feet Answer- 24 months Fine Motor: Whole hand reach Answer- 4 months Fine motor: Whole hand grasp; transfer objects Answer- 6 months Fine motor: Pincer grasp Answer- 9 months Fine motor: Place blocks in cup Answer- 12 months Fine motor: Hold utensils Answer- 18 months Fine motor: Scribble Answer- 24 months Expressive Language: cooing (vowel sounds) Answer- 2-3 months Expressive Language: babbling (consonant sounds) Answer- 6 months Expressive Language: Mama, dada non-specifically Answer- 9 months Expressive Language: Mama, dada specifically Answer- 10 months Expressive Language: First real word Answer- 12 months Expressive Language: 7-10 words Answer- 18 months Expressive Language: speech 50% understandable to strangers Answer- 24 months Receptive Language: turns to name Answer- 6 months Receptive Language: Joint attention Answer- 9 months (impaired in autism) Receptive Language: Follows a 1 step direction with gesture Answer- 11 months Receptive Language: Follows a 1 step direction without a gesture Answer- 15 months Receptive Language: Identifies body parts Answer- 18 months Receptive Language: Understands prepositions, more complex sentences Answer- 30 months Social: Fixes on face Answer- 2 months Social: Monitors gaze Answer- 4 months Social: Stranger anxiety, peek-a-boo Answer- 9 months Social: Points for requests Answer- 12 months Social: Points to show interest Answer- 18 months Social: Early pretend play Answer- 24 months Gross Motor Red Flags (Infant, Toddler) Answer- Head lag >3 months (low muscle tone), Rolling <2-3 months (may be increased muscle tone instead of strength), not walking by 15-18 months Fine Motor Red Flags (Infant, Toddler) Answer- Fisting > 3 months; hand preference < 18 months (may indicate poor hand function rather than preference) Language Red Flags (Infant, Toddler) Answer- <50 words or on 2 word phrases by 2 years Social-Emotional Red Flags (Infant, Toddler) Answer- No pointing, gaze monitoring or pretend play by 2 years Gross Motor: Pedal Tricycle Answer- 3 years Fine Motor: Copy a circle, cut with scissors Answer- 3 years Gross Motor: Hop on one foot Answer- 4 years Fine Motor: Copy a cross; button and snap Answer- 4 years Gross Motor: Gallop, skip Answer- 5 years Fine Motor: Print some letters; write name Answer- 5 years Expressive Language: speech 75% understandable Answer- 3 years Receptive language: Identify 2 colors, knows age Answer- 3 years Expressive Language: speech 100% understandable Answer- 4 years Receptive Language: Knows gender of self and others Answer- 4 years Expressive Language: Uses future tense Answer- 5 years Receptive Language: Knows phone number and address Answer- 5 years Social: imaginary play Answer- 3 years Social: Understands perspective of others Answer- 4 years Social: Can cooperate with chores Answer- 5 years Gross Motor Red Flags (Preschooler) Answer- Trouble with stairs, pedaling, jumping or hopping Fine Motor Red Flags (Preschooler) Answer- Trouble with fasteners, drawing shapes Language Red Flags (Preschooler) Answer- Trouble understanding directions; speech difficult to understand Social-Emotional Red Flags (Preschooler) Answer- Lack of complex play; disinterest in peers; persistent difficulty regulating emotions Gross Motor: bike riding, sports Answer- School aged Fine Motor: handwriting Answer- School aged Speech and Language: reciprocal conversations Answer- School aged Social-Emotional: Peer groups; best friends Answer- School aged Cognitive: Academics; complex reasoning Answer- School aged Red Flags for School Aged Children Answer- Academic challenges, difficulties with peer interactions, mood problems, disruptive behavior, inattention Ages for general developmental screen Answer- 9, 18, and 24-30 months (PEDS and Ages and Stages) Autism-specific screen ages Answer- 18 and 24-30 months (M-CHAT) Social: concepts of good and bad predominate Answer- 3 years Social: complex roles and stories in play Answer- 5 years Receptive Language: recognizes most letters Answer- 5 years Expressive Language: can give definition of words Answer- 5 years Receptive Language: knows first and last name Answer- 4 years Receptive Language: can count to 4 Answer- 4 years Expressive Language: 4-5 word sentences Answer- 4 years Expressive Language: uses past tense Answer- 4 years Expressive Language: 3-4 word sentences Answer- 3 years Expressive Language: several hundred word vocabulary Answer- 3 years Expressive Language: 3-4 word sentences Answer- 24 months Expressive Language: 50 words Answer- 24 months Newborn Reflexes Answer- Grasp, sucking, Babinski, gaze at face, Moro, atonic neck reflex (archer, fencer) Smiles Answer- 2 months Tracking past midline Answer- 2 months Lifts head when on belly and rotates it Answer- 2 months Anticipatory Guidance: Sleeping Answer- sleep on back with no stuffed animals, only small blankets Anticipatory Guidance: Smoking Answer- NO SMOKING Anticipatory Guidance: Water Heater Answer- Set <120 F Lifts head when prone and rotates it Answer- 2 months Sits up unassisted Answer- 4 months Raises head 90 degrees while on stomach Answer- 4 months Plays with a rattle Answer- 4 months When lifted there is no head lag Answer- 4 months Laughs Answer- 4 months Anticipates feeding Answer- 4 months Fusses for attention Answer- 4 months Can begin cereal Answer- 4-6 months Has doubled birth weight Answer- 6 months Lifts chest and head while bearing weight on stomach Answer- 6 months Rolls from back to belly and belly to back Answer- 6 months Can sit in a high chair and hold a bottle Answer- 6 months Likes sound of own voice Answer- 6 months Recognizes parents Answer- 6 months Likes mirrors and toys Answer- 6 months Reaches for objects Answer- 6 months Ready for stage 1 baby food Answer- 6 months Picks up objects with hand via raking Answer- 9 months Begins crawling Answer- 9 months Sits unassisted for a long time Answer- 9 months Pulls to a stand Answer- 9 months Can shuffle holding on and standing Answer- 9 months Depth perception Answer- 9 months Understands no Answer- 9 months May be afraid of being left alone Answer- 9 months Feeds self Answer- 9 months Wiggles all over the floor Answer- 9 months Recognizes wet or soiled diaper Answer- 12 months 2 block tower Answer- 12 months Triple birth weight Answer- 12 months Eats anything (may be picky) Answer- 12 months Can begin disciplining by saying "NO" Answer- 12 months Let them be more independent - let them cry without attention some Answer- 12 months Walk alone Answer- 18 months Runs uncoordinated with numerous falls Answer- 18 months Can get into a chair without assistance Answer- 18 months Can stack 3-4 blocks Answer- 18 months Can throw a ball Answer- 18 months Can hold utensils Answer- 18 months Learns to start sharing Answer- 18 months Can begin potty training Answer- 18 months Can kick a ball Answer- 24 months Can stack 6-7 blocks Answer- 24 months Stands on one foot Answer- 24 months Dresses self Answer- 24 months Verbalizes toilet needs Answer- 24 months Be firm about reprimanding and time outs Answer- 24 months Asks a lot of questions Answer- 3 years Goes to the bathroom on their own but may need help wiping Answer- 4 years Moro Reflex Disappears Answer- 4 months (Moro reflex is symmetric abduction and extension of the arms followed by adduction of the arms, sometimes with a cry) Palmar Grasp Reflex Disappears Answer- 2-3 months (must disappear before voluntary grasping) Plantar Grasp Reflex Disappears Answer- 8 months (must disappear before taking steps) Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex Disappears Answer- 6 months (allows the infant to see the hand along the arm and is one of the first steps in visual/reaching coordination) Babinksi Reflex Disappears Answer- 1-2 years (reflex is dorsiflexion of the big toe, accompanied by fanning of the other toes, in response to the stroking of the lateral aspect of the foot's plantar surface)