HESI PN OB

OB PN HESI EXAM 2021 1.At 14-weeks gestation, a client arrives at the Emergency Center complaining of a dull pain in the right lower quadrant of her abdomen. The LPN/LVN obtains a blood sample and initiates an IV. Thirty minutesafter admission, the client reports feeling a sharp abdominal pain and a shoulder pain. Assessment findings include diaphoresis, a heart rate of 120 beats/minute, and a blood pressure of 86/48. Which action should the nurse implement next? A. Check the hematocrit results. B. Administer painmedication. C. Increase the rate of IV fluids. D. Monitor client for contractions. Correct Answer: C 2. During a prenatal visit, the LPN/LVN discusses with a client the effects ofsmoking on the fetus. When compared with nonsmokers, mothers who smoke during pregnancy tend to produce infants who have A. lower Apgarscores. B. lower birth weights. C. respiratory distress. D. a higher rate of congenital anomalies. Correct Answer: D 3. Which action should the LPN/LVN implement when preparing to measure the fundal height of a pregnant client? A. Have the client empty her bladder. B. Request the client lie on her left side. C. Perform Leopold's maneuvers first. D. Give the client some cold juice to drink. Correct Answer: A 4. The LPN/LVN identifies crepitus when examining the chest of a newborn who was delivered vaginally. Which further assessment should the nurse perform? A. Elicit a positive scarf sign on the affected side. B. Observe for an asymmetrical Moro (startle) reflex. C. Watch forswelling of fingers on the affected side. D. Note paralysis of affected extremity and muscles. Correct Answer: B 5. One hour after giving birth to an 8-pound infant, a client's lochia rubra has increased from small to large and her fundus is boggy despite massage. The client's pulse is 84 beats/minute and blood pressure is 156/96. The healthcare provider prescribes Methergine 0.2 mg IM Å~ 1. What action should the LPN/LVN take immediately? A. Give the medication as prescribed and monitor for efficacy. B. Encourage the client to breastfeed rather than bottle feed. C. Have the client empty her bladder and massage the fundus. D. Call the healthcare provider to question the prescription. Correct Answer: D 6. The LPN/LVN is preparing to give an enema to a laboring client. Which client requires the most caution when carrying out this procedure? A. A gravida 6, para 5 who is 38 years of age and in early labor. B. A 37-week primigravida who presents at 100% effacement, 3 cm cervical dilatation, and a -1 station. C. A gravida 2, para 1 who is at 1 cm cervical dilatation and a 0 station admitted for induction of labor due to post dates. D. A 40-week primigravida who is at 6 cm cervical dilatation and the presenting part is not engaged. Correct Answer: D 7. A client at 32-weeks gestation comes to the prenatal clinic with complaints of pedal edema, dyspnea, fatigue, and a moist cough. Which question is most important for the LPN/LVN to ask this client? A. Which symptom did you experience first? B. Are you eating large amounts ofsalty foods? C. Have you visited a foreign country recently? D. Do you have a history of rheumatic fever? Correct Answer: D 8. The LPN/LVN is assessing a client who is having a non-stress test (NST) at 41- weeks gestation. The nurse determines that the client is not having contractions, the fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline is 144 bpm, and no FHR accelerations are occurring. What action should the nurse take? A. Check the client for urinary bladder distention. B. Notify the healthcare provider of the nonreactive results. C. Have the mother stimulate the fetusto move. D. Ask the client if she hasfelt any fetal movement. Correct Answer: D 9. A client in active labor is admitted with preeclampsia. Which assessment finding is most significant in planning this client's care? A. Patellarreflex 4+ B. Blood pressure 158/80. C. Four-hour urine output 240 ml. D. Respiration 12/minute. Correct Answer: A 10. The LPN/LVN assesses a client admitted to the labor and delivery unit and obtains the following data: dark red vaginal bleeding, uterus slightly tense between contractions, BP 110/68, FHR 110 beats/minute, cervix 1 cm dilated and uneffaced. Based on these assessment findings, what intervention should the nurse implement? A. Insert an internal fetal monitor. B. Assess for cervical changes q1h. C. Monitor bleeding from IV sites. D. Perform Leopold's maneuvers. Correct Answer: C 11. A client at 32-weeks gestation is diagnosed with preeclampsia. Which assessment finding is most indicative of an impending convulsion? A. 3+ deep tendon reflexes and hyperclonus. B. Periorbital edema, flashing lights, and aura. C. Epigastric pain in the third trimester. D. Recent decreased urinary output. Correct Answer: A 12. Immediately after birth a newborn infant is suctioned, dried, and placed under a radiant warmer. The infant has spontaneous respirations and the nurse assesses an apical heart rate of 80 beats/minute and respirations of 20 breaths/ minute. What action should the LPN/LVN perform next? A. Initiate positive pressure ventilation. B. Intervene after the one minute Apgar is assessed. C. Initiate CPR on the infant. D. Assessthe infant's blood glucose level. Correct Answer: A 13. A pregnant woman comes to the prenatal clinic for an initial visit. In reviewing her childbearing history, the client indicatesthat she has delivered premature twins, one full-term baby, and has had no abortions. Which GTPAL should the LPN/LVN document in this client's record? A. 3-1-2-0-3. B. 4-1-2-0-3. C. 2-1-2-1-2. D. 3-1-1-0-3. Correct Answer: D 14. The healthcare provider prescribes terbutaline (Brethine) for a client in preterm labor. Before initiating this prescription, it is most important for the LPN/LVN to assessthe client for which condition? A. Gestational diabetes. B. Elevated blood pressure. C. Urinary tract infection. D. Swelling in lower extremities. Correct Answer: A 15. A 4-week-old premature infant has been receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) for the last three weeks. Which assessment finding indicates to the LPN/LVN that the drug is effective? A. Slowly increasing urinary output over the last week. B. Respiratory rate changes from the 40s to the 60s. C. Changes in apical heart rate from the 180s to the 140s. D. Change in indirect bilirubin from 12 mg/dl to 8 mg/dl. Correct Answer: C 16. The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is 24 hours postpartum. The nurse explains to the client that her vaginal discharge will change from red to pink and then to white. The client asks, "What if I start having red bleeding after it changes?" What should the nurse instruct the client to do? A. Reduce activity level and notify the healthcare provider. B. Go to bed and assume a knee-chest position. C. Massage the uterus and go to the emergency room. D. Do not worry as this is a normal occurrence. Correct Answer: A 17. A couple has been trying to conceive for nine months without success. Which information obtained from the clients is most likely to have an impact on the couple's ability to conceive a child? A. Exercise regimen of both partners includes running four miles each morning. B. History of having sexual intercourse 2 to 3 times per week. C. The woman's menstrual period occurs every 35 days. D. They use lubricants with each sexual encounter to decrease friction. Correct Answer: D 18. A pregnant client tells the LPN/LVN that the first day of her last menstrual period was August 2, 2006. Based on Nägele's rule, what is the estimated date of delivery? A. April 25, 2007. B. May 9, 2007. C. May 29, 2007. D. June 2, 2007. Correct Answer: B 19. A client with no prenatal care arrives at the labor unit screaming, "The baby is coming!" The nurse performs a vaginal examination that reveals the cervix is 3 centimeters dilated and 75% effaced. What additional information is most important for the LPN/LVN to obtain? A. Gravidity and parity. B. Time and amount of last oral intake. C. Date of last normal menstrual period. D. Frequency and intensity of contractions. Correct Answer: C 20. The LPN/LVN is preparing a client with a term pregnancy who is in active labor for an amniotomy. What equipment should the nurse have available at the client's bedside? (Select all that apply.) A. Litmus paper. B. Fetalscalp electrode. C. A sterile glove. D. An amniotic hook. E. Sterile vaginalspeculum. F. A Doppler. Correct Answer: C, D, F 21. The LPN/LVN should explain to a 30-year-old gravida client that alpha fetoprotein testing is recommended for which purpose? A. Detect cardiovascular disorders. B. Screen for neural tube defects. C. Monitor the placental functioning. D. Assessfor maternal pre-eclampsia. Correct Answer: B 22. A woman who gave birth 48 hours ago is bottle-feeding her infant. During assessment, the nurse determines that both breasts are swollen, warm, and tender upon palpation. What action should the LPN/LVN take? A. Apply cold compressesto both breasts for comfort. B. Instruct the client run warm water on her breasts. C. Wear a loose-fitting bra to prevent nipple irritation. D. Express small amounts of milk to relieve pressure. Correct Answer: A 23. A vaginally delivered infant of an HIV positive mother is admitted to the newborn nursery. What intervention should the LPN/LVN perform first? A. Bathe the infant with an antimicrobialsoap. B. Measure the head and chest circumference. C. Obtain the infant'sfootprints. D. Administer vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON). Correct Answer: A 24. Client teaching is an important part of the maternity nurse'srole. Which factor has the greatest influence on successful teaching of the gravid client? A. The client's readiness to learn. B. The client's educational background. C. The order in which the information is presented. D. The extent to which the pregnancy was planned. Correct Answer: A 25. A 38-week primigravida who works as a secretary and sits at a computer 8 hours each day tells the nurse that her feet have begun to swell. Which instruction would be most effective in preventing pooling of blood in the lower extremities? A. Wearsupportstockings. B. Reduce salt in her diet. C. Move about every hour. D. Avoid constrictive clothing. Correct Answer: C 26. During a prenatal visit, the nurse discusses with a client the effects of smoking on the fetus. When compared with nonsmokers, mothers who smoke during pregnancy tend to produce infants who have A. lower Apgarscores. B. lower birth weights. C. respiratory distress. D. a higher rate of congenital anomalies. Correct Answer: B 27. A woman who thinks she could be pregnant calls her neighbor, a nurse, to ask when she could use a home pregnancy test to diagnose pregnancy. Which response is best? A. A home pregnancy test can be used right after your first missed period. B. These tests are most accurate after you have missed yoursecond period. C. Home pregnancy tests often give false positives and should not be trusted. D. The test can provide accurate information when used right after ovulation. Correct Answer: A 28. A 26-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 client is admitted to the hospital at 28- weeks gestation in preterm labor. She is given 3 doses of terbutaline sulfate (Brethine) 0.25 mg subcutaneously to stop her labor contractions. The LPN/LVN plans to monitor for which primary side effect of terbutaline sulfate? A. Drowsiness and bradycardia. B. Depressed reflexes and increased respirations. C. Tachycardia and a feeling of nervousness. D. A flushed, warm feeling and a dry mouth. Correct Answer: C 29. A mother who is breastfeeding her baby receives instructions from the nurse. Which instruction is most effective to prevent nipple soreness? A. Wear a cotton bra. B. Increase nursing time gradually. C. Correctly place the infant on the breast. D. Manually express a small amount of milk before nursing. Correct Answer: C 30. A full term infant is transferred to the nursery from labor and delivery. Which information is most important for the LPN/LVN to receive when planning immediate care for the newborn? A. Length of labor and method of delivery. B. Infant's condition at birth and treatment received. C. Feeding method chosen by the parents. D. History of drugs given to the mother during labor. Correct Answer: B 31. In developing a teaching plan for expectant parents, the nurse plans to include information about when the parents can expect the infant's fontanels to close. The LPN/LVN bases the explanation on knowledge that for the normal newborn, the A. anterior fontanel closes at 2 to 4 months and the posterior by the end of the first week. B. anterior fontanel closes at 5 to 7 months and the posterior by the end of the second week. C. anterior fontanel closes at 8 to 11 months and the posterior by the end of the first month. D. anterior fontanel closes at 12 to 18 months and the posterior by the end of the second month. Correct Answer: D 32. When assessing a client who is at 12-weeks gestation, the LPN/LVN recommendsthat she and her husband consider attending childbirth preparation classes. When is the best time for the couple to attend these classes? A. At 16-weeks gestation. B. At 20-weeks gestation. C. At 24-weeks gestation. D. At 30-weeks gestation. Correct Answer: D 33. The LPN/LVN should encourage the laboring client to begin pushing when A. there is only an anterior or posterior lip of cervix left. B. the client describes the need to have a bowel movement. C. the cervix is completely dilated. D. the cervix is completely effaced. Correct Answer: C 34. The LPN/LVN is counseling a couple who hassought information about conceiving. For teaching purposes, the nurse should know that ovulation usually occurs A. two weeks before menstruation. B. immediately after menstruation. C. immediately before menstruation. D. three weeks before menstruation. Correct Answer: A 35. The LPN/LVN caring for a laboring client encourages her to void at least q2h, and records each time the client empties her bladder. What is the primary reason for implementing this nursing intervention? A. Emptying the bladder during delivery is difficult because of the position of the presenting fetal part. B. An over-distended bladder could be traumatized during labor as well as prolong the progress of labor. C. Urine specimensfor glucose and protein must be obtained at certain intervalsthroughout labor. D. Frequent voiding minimizesthe need for catheterization which increases the chance of bladder infection. Correct Answer: B 36. The LPN/LVN instructs a laboring client to use accelerated-blow breathing. The client beginsto complain of tingling fingers and dizziness. What action should the nurse take? A. Administer oxygen by face mask. B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client'ssymptoms. C. Have the client breathe into her cupped hands. D. Check the client's blood pressure and fetal heart rate. Correct Answer: C 37. A 28-year-old client in active labor complains of cramps in her leg. What intervention should the LPN/LVN implement? A. Massage the calf and foot. B. Extend the leg and dorsiflex the foot. C. Lower the leg off the side of the bed. D. Elevate the leg above the heart. Correct Answer: B 38. When preparing a class on newborn care for expectant parents, what content should the nurse teach concerning the newborn infant born at term gestation? A. Milia are red marks made by forceps and will disappear within 7 to 10 days. B. Meconium isthe first stool and is usually yellow gold in color. C. Vernix is a white, cheesy substance, predominantly located in the skin folds. D. Pseudostrabismusfound in newbornsistreated by minorsurgery. Correct Answer: C 39. Twenty-four hours after admission to the newborn nursery, a full-term male infant develops localized edema on the right side of his head. The LPN/LVN knows that, in the newborn, an accumulation of blood between the periosteum and skull which does not cross the suture line is a newborn variation known as A. a cephalhematoma, caused by forceps trauma and may last up to 8 weeks. B. a subarachnoid hematoma, which requiresimmediate drainage to prevent further complications. C. molding, caused by pressure during labor and will disappear within 2 to 3 days. D. a subdural hematoma which can result in lifelong damage. Correct Answer: A 40. An expectant father tells the LPN/LVN he fears that his wife "is losing her mind." He states she is constantly rubbing her abdomen and talking to the baby, and that she actually reprimands the baby when it moves too much. What recommendation should the nurse make to this expectant father? A. Reassure him that these are normal reactions to pregnancy and suggest that he discuss his concerns with the childbirth education nurse. B. Help him to understand that his wife is experiencing normalsymptoms of ambivalence about the pregnancy and no action is needed. C. Ask him to observe his wife's behavior carefully for the next few weeks and report any similar behavior to the nurse at the next prenatal visit. D. Let him know that these behaviors are part of normal maternal/fetal bonding which occur once the mother feels fetal movement. Correct Answer: D 41. A new mother who has just had her first baby says to the nurse, "I saw the baby in the recovery room. She sure has a funny looking head." Which response by the LPN/LVN is best? A. This is not an unusual shaped head, especially for a first baby. B. It may look funny to you, but newborn babies are often born with headslike your baby's. C. That is normal; the head will return to a round shape within 7 to 10 days. D. Your pelvis was too small, so the baby's head had to adjust to the birth canal. Correct Answer: C 42. A new mother asks the LPN/LVN, "How do I know that my daughter is getting enough breast milk?" Which explanation should the nurse provide? A. Weigh the baby daily, and if she is gaining weight, she is eating enough. B. Your milk is sufficient if the baby is voiding pale straw-colored urine 6 to 10 times a day. C. Offer the baby extra bottle milk after her feeding, and see ifshe is still hungry. D. If you're concerned, you might consider bottle feeding so that you can monitor her intake. Correct Answer: B 43. After each feeding, a 3-day-old newborn is spitting up large amounts of Enfamil® Newborn Formula, a nonfat cow's milk formula. The pediatric healthcare provider changes the neonate's formula to Similac® Soy Isomil® Formula, a soy protein isolate based infant formula. What information should the LPN/LVN provide to the mother about the newly prescribed formula? A. The new formula is a coconut milk formula used with babies with impaired fat absorption. B. Enfamil® Formula is a demineralized whey formula that is needed with diarrhea. C. The new formula is a casein protein source that is low in phenylalanine. D. Similac® Soy Isomil® Formula is a soy-based formula that containssucrose. Correct Answer: D 44. A client who gave birth to a healthy 8 pound infant 3 hours ago is admitted to the postpartum unit. Which nursing plan is best in assisting this mother to bond with her newborn infant? A. Encourage the mother to provide total care for her infant. B. Provide privacy so the mother can develop a relationship with the infant. C. Encourage the father to provide most of the infant's care during hospitalization. D. Meet the mother's physical needs and demonstrate warmth toward the infant. Correct Answer: D 45. Which nursing intervention is most helpful in relieving postpartum uterine contractions or "afterpains?" A. Lying prone with a pillow on the abdomen. B. Using a breast pump. C. Massaging the abdomen. D. Giving oxytocic medications. Correct Answer: A 46. Which maternal behavior isthe LPN/LVN most likely to see when a new mother receives her infant for the first time? A. She eagerly reaches for the infant, undressesthe infant, and examinesthe infant completely. B. Her arms and hands receive the infant and she then traces the infant's profile with her fingertips. C. Her arms and hands receive the infant and she then cuddles the infant to her own body. D. She eagerly reaches for the infant and then holds the infant close to her own body. Correct Answer: B 47. On admission to the prenatal clinic, a 23-year-old woman tells the nurse that her last menstrual period began on February 15, and that previously her periods were regular. Her pregnancy test is positive. This client's expected date of delivery (EDD) is A. November 22. B. November 8. C. December 22. D. October 22. Correct Answer: A 48. The LPN/LVN is counseling a woman who wants to become pregnant. The woman tells the nurse that she has a 36-day menstrual cycle and the first day of her last menstrual period was January 8. The nurse correctly calculates that the woman's next fertile period is A. January 14-15. B. January 22-23. C. January 30-31. D. February 6-7. Correct Answer: C 49. A client at 32-weeks gestation is hospitalized with severe pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), and magnesium sulfate is prescribed to control the symptoms. Which assessment finding indicates the therapeutic drug level has been achieved? A. 4+ reflexes. B. Urinary output of 50 ml per hour. C. A decrease in respiratory rate from 24 to 16. D. A decreased body temperature. Correct Answer: C 50. Twenty minutes after a continuous epidural anesthetic is administered, a laboring client's blood pressure drops from 120/80 to 90/60. What action should the LPN/LVN take? A. Notify the healthcare provider or anesthesiologist immediately. B. Continue to assess the blood pressure q5 minutes. C. Place the woman in a lateral position. D. Turn off the continuous epidural. Correct Answer: C 51. A client at 28-weeks gestation calls the antepartal clinic and states that she is experiencing a small amount of vaginal bleeding which she describes as bright red. She further states that she is not experiencing any uterine contractions or abdominal pain. What instruction should the LPN/LVN provide? A. Come to the clinic today for an ultrasound. B. Go immediately to the emergency room. C. Lie on your left side for about one hour and see if the bleeding stops. D. Bring a urine specimen to the lab tomorrow to determine if you have a urinary tract infection. Correct Answer: A 52. An off-duty LPN/LVN finds a woman in a supermarket parking lot delivering an infant while her husband is screaming for someone to help his wife. Which intervention has the highest priority? A. Use a thread to tie off the umbilical cord. B. Provide as much privacy as possible for the woman. C. Reassure the husband and try to keep him calm. D. Put the newborn to breast. Correct Answer: D 53. A pregnant client with mitral stenosis Class III is prescribed complete bedrest. The client asks the nurse, "Why must I stay in bed all the time?" Which response is best for the LPN/LVN to provide this client? A. Complete bedrest decreases oxygen needs and demands on the heart muscle tissue. B. We want your baby to be healthy, and this is the only way we can make sure that will happen. C. I know you're upset. Would you like to talk about some things you could do while in bed? D. Labor is difficult and you need to use this time to rest before you have to assume all child-caring duties. Correct Answer: A 54. A newborn infant is brought to the nursery from the birthing suite. The nurse notices that the infant is breathing satisfactorily but appears dusky. What action should the LPN/LVN take first? A. Notify the pediatrician immediately. B. Suction the infant's nares, then the oral cavity. C. Check the infant's oxygen saturation rate. D. Position the infant on the right side. Correct Answer: C 55. Just after delivery, a new mother tellsthe nurse, "I was unsuccessful breastfeeding my first child, but I would like to try with this baby." Which intervention is best for the LPN/LVN to implement first? A. Assessthe husband's feelings about his wife's decision to breastfeed their baby. B. Ask the client to describe why she was unsuccessful with breastfeeding her last child. C. Encourage the client to develop a positive attitude about breastfeeding to help ensure success. D. Provide assistance to the mother to begin breastfeeding as soon as possible after delivery. Correct Answer: D