Unit 5: Individuals with Learning
Disabilities
IDEA 2004 regulations made a significant change from the 1997 language in regard to use of the
"discrepancy model" in identifying a student as having a learning disability. Which of the following
statements correctly identifies that change?
1. "Discrepancy" must be used by school districts for determining the presence of a learning disability.
2. "Discrepancy" may be among a variety of methods used by school districts for determining the presence
of a learning disability.
3. "Discrepancy" may not be used by school districts for determining the presence of a learning disability.
Correct answer- 2. "Discrepancy" may be among a variety of methods used by school districts for
determining the presence of a learning disability.
IDEA's definition of Learning Disabilities states that the condition " ... does not include children who have
learning disabilities which are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor handicaps, or mental
retardation, or emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage." This
language explaining what LD is not is often referred to as ____________________________.
1. the inclusion model
2. the exclusionary clause
3. an umbrella term
4. the discrepancy model Correct answer- 2. the exclusionary clause
Which of the following aspects of learning disability are common to both the federal IDEA legislation and
the definition provided by the Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA, formerly known as the
Association for Children with Learning Disabilities)?
1. that classification for LD does not include individuals whose learning disabilities are primarily the result of
sensory impairment, physical handicaps, mental retardation, or emotional disturbance
2. that LD is a chronic, lifelong condition
, 3. that LD interferes with an individual's ability in verbal and/or non-verbal communication (i.e., reading,
writing, speaking, listening) and in mathematics
4. that LD can affect self-esteem and socialization of the individual Correct answer- 3. that LD interferes
with an individual's ability in verbal and/or non-verbal communication (i.e., reading, writing, speaking,
listening) and in mathematics
ADHD is a learning disability.
True
False Correct answer- False
Measure overall academic achievement
1. Achievement Tests
2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test Correct answer- 1. Achievement Tests
Measure assumed ability
1. Achievement Tests
2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test Correct answer- 2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test
Which statement below best describes the term "Response to Intervention ( RTI)"?
1. It is a strategy for making eligibility decisions on the basis of how a pupil responds to scientific, research-
based educational interventions.
2. It is the frequent and systematic assessment of the individual's performance.
3. It leads to the inference that learning disabilities are not primarily caused by other handicapping
conditions or extrinsic factors.
4. It is used for comparing a student's performance on a standardized achievement test with a measure of
cognitive abilities or intelligence. Correct answer- 1. It is a strategy for making eligibility decisions on the
basis of how a pupil responds to scientific, research-based educational interventions.
Reflects the student's local curriculum
1. Curriculum-based measurement
2. Norm-referenced tests
Disabilities
IDEA 2004 regulations made a significant change from the 1997 language in regard to use of the
"discrepancy model" in identifying a student as having a learning disability. Which of the following
statements correctly identifies that change?
1. "Discrepancy" must be used by school districts for determining the presence of a learning disability.
2. "Discrepancy" may be among a variety of methods used by school districts for determining the presence
of a learning disability.
3. "Discrepancy" may not be used by school districts for determining the presence of a learning disability.
Correct answer- 2. "Discrepancy" may be among a variety of methods used by school districts for
determining the presence of a learning disability.
IDEA's definition of Learning Disabilities states that the condition " ... does not include children who have
learning disabilities which are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor handicaps, or mental
retardation, or emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage." This
language explaining what LD is not is often referred to as ____________________________.
1. the inclusion model
2. the exclusionary clause
3. an umbrella term
4. the discrepancy model Correct answer- 2. the exclusionary clause
Which of the following aspects of learning disability are common to both the federal IDEA legislation and
the definition provided by the Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA, formerly known as the
Association for Children with Learning Disabilities)?
1. that classification for LD does not include individuals whose learning disabilities are primarily the result of
sensory impairment, physical handicaps, mental retardation, or emotional disturbance
2. that LD is a chronic, lifelong condition
, 3. that LD interferes with an individual's ability in verbal and/or non-verbal communication (i.e., reading,
writing, speaking, listening) and in mathematics
4. that LD can affect self-esteem and socialization of the individual Correct answer- 3. that LD interferes
with an individual's ability in verbal and/or non-verbal communication (i.e., reading, writing, speaking,
listening) and in mathematics
ADHD is a learning disability.
True
False Correct answer- False
Measure overall academic achievement
1. Achievement Tests
2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test Correct answer- 1. Achievement Tests
Measure assumed ability
1. Achievement Tests
2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test Correct answer- 2. Cognitive Ability/Intelligence Test
Which statement below best describes the term "Response to Intervention ( RTI)"?
1. It is a strategy for making eligibility decisions on the basis of how a pupil responds to scientific, research-
based educational interventions.
2. It is the frequent and systematic assessment of the individual's performance.
3. It leads to the inference that learning disabilities are not primarily caused by other handicapping
conditions or extrinsic factors.
4. It is used for comparing a student's performance on a standardized achievement test with a measure of
cognitive abilities or intelligence. Correct answer- 1. It is a strategy for making eligibility decisions on the
basis of how a pupil responds to scientific, research-based educational interventions.
Reflects the student's local curriculum
1. Curriculum-based measurement
2. Norm-referenced tests
