Pharm exam 1 study guide
• Metabolism
o The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain
life
o Takes place in each cell of a living organism
o Provides energy
• Side effects
o A secondary, typically undesirable effect of a drug or medical treatment
o Examples
▪ Fatigue
▪ Nausea
▪ Vomiting
▪ Diarrhea
▪ Dizziness
▪ Dry mouth
▪ Headache
• Otic medications
o Ear medications
o Examples
▪ Cerumenolytics
▪ Otic anesthetics
▪ Otic steroids
• Different cultures
o Eye contact
▪ Wester cultures UK Australia and the US and Western Europe
• Use eye contact
▪ Middle eastern
• Eye contact is less common and is considered less appropriate
▪ Asian
• Eye contact isn’t considered part of social interaction
▪ African and Latin America
• Aggressive eye contact is considered extremely disrespectful
• Disadvantages of transdermal
o Delayed onset action
o Drug absorption rates may differ
• Effects of agonist
o Binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce biological response
o Causes an action
• Effective teaching times
o Start right away
, o Timing is everything make sure it is appropriate time where the patient is fully
alert and ready to learn
• Oral administration
o Make sure they can swallow
• What to do when Pt doesn’t understand dr teaching
o Ask the doctor to clarify or elaborate on some things
• Difference between drugs and medications
o THERE IS NONE!!!!!!!!!!!!
• What should be done first when crushing pills
o Check to see if it is safe to do so
o May cause serious side effects
o May prevent med from working properly
o Slow down recovery from illness
• Administering a new drug what to ask
o Ask for allergies
o Have them state two forms of ID (name and DOB)
• Most dangerous route of administration
o IV
• Active listening
o Communication technique
▪ Eye contact
▪ Facial expressions
▪ Verbal and none verbal
▪ Body language
• How to avoid drug errors
o Have patient id himself
o Ensure the five rights
▪ Right patient
▪ Right drug
▪ Right dose
▪ Right route
▪ Right time
o Double and triple check
• Sublingual
o Under the tongue
• Disorders that increase risk of side effects
o Anxiety
o Panic disorder
• Therapeutic response
o Response after treatment- the outcome that’s desired
• Administration times
o Hour before or hour after
• Metabolism
o The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain
life
o Takes place in each cell of a living organism
o Provides energy
• Side effects
o A secondary, typically undesirable effect of a drug or medical treatment
o Examples
▪ Fatigue
▪ Nausea
▪ Vomiting
▪ Diarrhea
▪ Dizziness
▪ Dry mouth
▪ Headache
• Otic medications
o Ear medications
o Examples
▪ Cerumenolytics
▪ Otic anesthetics
▪ Otic steroids
• Different cultures
o Eye contact
▪ Wester cultures UK Australia and the US and Western Europe
• Use eye contact
▪ Middle eastern
• Eye contact is less common and is considered less appropriate
▪ Asian
• Eye contact isn’t considered part of social interaction
▪ African and Latin America
• Aggressive eye contact is considered extremely disrespectful
• Disadvantages of transdermal
o Delayed onset action
o Drug absorption rates may differ
• Effects of agonist
o Binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce biological response
o Causes an action
• Effective teaching times
o Start right away
, o Timing is everything make sure it is appropriate time where the patient is fully
alert and ready to learn
• Oral administration
o Make sure they can swallow
• What to do when Pt doesn’t understand dr teaching
o Ask the doctor to clarify or elaborate on some things
• Difference between drugs and medications
o THERE IS NONE!!!!!!!!!!!!
• What should be done first when crushing pills
o Check to see if it is safe to do so
o May cause serious side effects
o May prevent med from working properly
o Slow down recovery from illness
• Administering a new drug what to ask
o Ask for allergies
o Have them state two forms of ID (name and DOB)
• Most dangerous route of administration
o IV
• Active listening
o Communication technique
▪ Eye contact
▪ Facial expressions
▪ Verbal and none verbal
▪ Body language
• How to avoid drug errors
o Have patient id himself
o Ensure the five rights
▪ Right patient
▪ Right drug
▪ Right dose
▪ Right route
▪ Right time
o Double and triple check
• Sublingual
o Under the tongue
• Disorders that increase risk of side effects
o Anxiety
o Panic disorder
• Therapeutic response
o Response after treatment- the outcome that’s desired
• Administration times
o Hour before or hour after
