Human Osteology

Human Osteology
Human Skeleton
 The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.
 The skull is made up of 28 bones (45 subadults)
 The post cranium skeleton is made up of 178 bones

There are two sections of the human skeleton; appendicular &
axial.
Appendicular Axial
 Shoulder girdle  Bones of the skull
(Clavicle & (Frontal, parietal,
Scapula occipital,
 Upper limbs temporal,
(humerus, radius, zygomatic,
ulna, carpals, maxilla,
metacarpals & mandible,
phalanges) sphenoid,
 Pelvic girdle (Os ethmoid, nasals,
coxae) lacrimals, inferior
 Lower limbs nasal conchae &
(femur, patella, auditory ossicles)
tibia, fibula,  Vertebral column
tarsals,  Hyoid
metatarsals &  Sternum
phalanges)  Ribs
 Sacrum
 Coccyx

Skull
 Skull: includes the mandible
 Cranium: everything but the mandible
 Neurocranium: everything but the face
 Viscerocranium: the facial skeleton (accommodates the sense
organs and other structure that are associated with
sensation)
 Calvarium: upper part of the neurocranium and covers the
cranial cavity containing the brain
 Calotte: the upper (superior) or lower (inferior) half of the
globe of the eye.
 Landmarks on the skull:
o Nuchal crest