Summary EU Law Notes

European Law
NOTES




Isabell Göttmann
INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW | Y1 Q3 RUG `22

,Table of Contents

WEEK I.................................................................................................................................... 2

WORKSHOP I............................................................................................................................. 9

WEEK II: ATTRIBUTION AND COMPETENCES....................................................................... 11

WORKSHOP II.......................................................................................................................... 22

WEEK III: EU INSTITUTIONS AND LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES.............................................. 25

WORKSHOP III......................................................................................................................... 30

WEEK IV: SUPREMACY AND NATIONAL CONSTITUTIONAL LAW....................................... 34

WORKSHOP IV........................................................................................................................ 47

WEEK V: EFFECTS OF EU LAW IN NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS............................................ 49

WORKSHOP V......................................................................................................................... 58

WEEK VI: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN EU LAW...................................................................... 64

WORKSHOP VI........................................................................................................................ 74




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,Week I

 For the purpose of this course, “EU law” has a specific, narrow meaning: the law
produced by the European Union (EU), and in the past, by the European
Economic Community (EEC) and the European Community (EC)
  e.g., the ECHR is a creation of the Council of Europe  piece of international
law (not of EU law in the narrow sense)


 EEC  EC  EU
 1957: Treaty of Rome: European Economic Community, EEC
o Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands
 1973: 9 MS in EEC
 1981: 10 MS
 1986: 12 MS
 1992 – 1993: Treaty of Maastricht: EEC was renamed in European Community
(EC) + European Union was created
 1995: 15 MS  was now called EU
 EU enlargement and Brexit
 1997 – 1999: Treaty of Amsterdam
 2001 – 2003: Treaty of Niece  invokes important reforms
 2004 – 2007; MS – enlargement towards the East
 2007 – 2009: Treaty of Lisbon: EC and EU merged as EU
 2013: 28 MS
 Brexit: 31/01/2020 UK left  27 MS
 The Treaties
 1957: Rome Treaty – EEC (source of legal rules) signed – 1958 in force
 1992: Maastricht Treaty – EU and EC Treaties – 1993 in force
 1997: Amsterdam Treaty – EU & EC Treaty – 1999 in force
 2001: Nice Treaty – TEU & TEC – 2003 in force
 2007: Lisbon Treaty – TEU &TFEU – 2009 in force
 Each new treaty introduces some new provisions and changes some provisions
of the precedent treaty, but many provisions of a precedent treaty continue to
live in the new treaty, in a re-numbered and slightly re-formulated article
o  ECJ Judgements on “old” treaties are still valid!




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,  The 4 Freedoms – Internal Market
 Free movement of goods – Title II TFEU (of persons, services and capital – Title IV
TFEU)
 Free movement of goods: Art. 28 – 37 TFEU
 Free movement of workers: Art. 45 – 48 TFEU
 Freedom of establishment: Art. 49 – 55 TFEU
 Freedom to provide services: Art. 56 – 62 TFEU
 Free movement of capital: Art. 63 – 66 TFEU


 EU Institutions – Art. 13 TFEU
 European Parliament: Art. 14 TEU / arts. 223 – 234 TFEU
o Elected by popular vote (5y.)
o 751 MEPs
 European Council: Art. 15 TEU / arts. 235 – 236 TFEU
o Heads of state or governments of each MS
 Council: Art. 15 TEU / arts. 237 – 243 TFEU
o Ministers from MS’s governments
 European Commission: Art. 17 TEU / arts. 244 – 250 TFEU
o One national of each MS, but EU interests
 Court of Justice EU: Art. 19 TEU / arts. 251 – 281 TFEU
 European Central Bank: Arts. 127 – 133 TFEU
 Court of Auditors: Arts. 285 – 287 TFEU


 Who produces EU law?
 European Parliament? YES!
 European Council? NO (at least not formally)! BUT:
o Plays a crucial role in new treaties  much more than advisory body
o Does not hold legislative/executive power (only in the sense of taking
basic decisions)
o Relevant from a view of substance
o NB European Council ≠ Council of Europe
 Council? YES
 European Commission? YES
 Court of Justice of the EU? YES




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