Propositional Logic and propositions- Study Guide and Document

Propositional Logic and Types of Propositions




You might be familiar with the term logic in general terms. You might have even solved
different problems and puzzles using logic.

Let’s try out one such puzzle.

If a monkey, a squirrel and a bird are racing to the top of a coconut tree, which animal
would get the bananas first?

The answer is, none of them. The reason being, you cannot get bananas from a coconut
tree. That’s how logic works.

In simple terms, logic is the study of correct reasoning.

, It is defined as the study of principles of reasoning. It helps us to develop reasonable
conclusions from any given statements.

Let’s look at an example of a series of statements.

Jack is a human. All humans have brains. Therefore, Jack has a brain.

This series of statements is called an argument because it can be valid or invalid.

So what exactly is an argument?

Well, an argument is a relationship between a set of statements called premises and
another statement called a conclusion.

In our example, the statements ‘Jack is a human’ and ‘All humans have brains’ are the
premises. While the statement ‘Jack has a brain’ is the conclusion.

Therefore, we can say that the premises are the series of statements, from which we draw
a conclusion.