SGM 311 Chapter 2 notes

2 equations lthoeoreens


-
L j
ENERGY EQTN FLOW EQTN
Bernoulli's equth Davcys Law




① Bernoulli's equation



Kinetic
Energy =
energy t potential energy
t pressure
energy ÷ volume

O

height
+




42MW - -
= V Mw Gt t U
+
volume volume



F
O t Ww . Z T U

V




=
O t Tw Z t U




l




U
-


h = Z t
Bernoulli's equation
yw




* quantify energy of water -3
energy per volume of water

Cbc .
its a continuum ,
not finite volume



work ( energy ) =
t.sc


= Ck Asc




Are
Energy ( volume = U = U
-

-- A Asc
Oss section

[ F

u BB c-


it
7C

* U -
water pressure

, l




U
-


h = Z t Bernoulli's equation
yw




Symbol Name meaning


h Total head 1 Total energy
Potential



7 Elevation head Height above a datum




4- Piezo metric head Height in
a piezometer
8W

, DARCY 'S LAW

q
= u (F) A




q= flow rate


k =
permeability
- -
→
c o a rs e son = T
permeability

↳ contribution of soil


oh =
change in potential 1 energy loss

( total
energy I head)

L -
length of flow path

A : X -

sectional area .




*
only focus on saturated soil
A
section .
e
cross \ I


\ I
u
find effect on flow
when
→
→ rate
changing
- k → these parameters
g q
→ →




water
exiting
=
water
entering
-¥



* calculate
energy where water enters this

. t where exits cha )
'


c

oh = h, -
42




\ Parameter increase q : T It




A :
P t a -
a

'
D 9 - le
C: I b energy drstirib over longer distance
D
8h I T q x oh


k t p




q = A Lte) Okk
q
X A
q= CA

= k
COLA