Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK FOR Psychological Testing Principles App Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, and Issues, ISBN: 9781337517065

Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK FOR Psychological Testing Principles App Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, and Issues, ISBN: 7065 Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 1) According to a study (Espenshade & Chung, 2010; Jaschik, 2006), growing numbers of four-year colleges are not relying on the SAT test partly because of  a. budget constraints.  b. diversity concerns.  c. reliability issues.  d. quality control. Psychological tests  a. pertain only to overt behavior.  b. always have right or wrong answers.  c. do not attempt to measure traits.  d. measure characteristics of human behavior. The specific stimulus on a test to which a person responds overtly is called a(n)  a. overt event.  b. answer.  c. item.  d. scale. An individual test  a. involves a single examiner for two or more subjects.  b. involves only tests of human ability.  c. can only be given to one person at a time.  d. involves more than one examiner for a single subject. A group test  a. can be given to multiple people by one examiner.  b. can only be given to three people at a time.  c. involves a group of examiners for a single subject.  d. involves only tests of human ability. Previous learning can best be described as  a. achievement.  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. The potential for learning a specific skill can best be described as  a. achievement.  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. One's general potential, independent of prior learning, can best be described as  a. achievement. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence can be encompassed by the term  a. human potential.  b. human traits.  c. human personality.  d. human ability. Structured personality tests  a. require you to produce something spontaneously.  b. require you to choose between two or more alternative responses.  c. involve an ambiguous test stimulus about which the response is structured..  d. involve an ambiguous test response. The main purpose of psychological testing is to evaluate  a. covert behavior.  b. individual differences.  c. personality traits.  d. overt behavior. Projective personality tests  a. provide a statement, usually of the self-report variety.  b. require the subject to choose between two or more alternative responses  c. are unstructured.  d. are structured. Tests that measure an individual's typical behavior are called  a. ability tests.  b. personality tests.  c. intelligence tests.  d. group tests. Tests that provide a statement, usually of the self-report variety, and require the subject to choose between two or more alternative responses, are called  a. group tests.  b. individual tests.  c. structured personality tests.  d. projective personality tests. Personality tests in which the test stimulus and/or required response are ambiguous are called  a. projective personality tests.  b. structured personality tests.  c. unstructured personality tests.  d. achievement personality tests. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD| Which of the following is true of tests?  a. Tests produce explicit data that are subject to scientific study.  b. Tests are successful in separating prior learning from potential for learning.  c. Very few tests can actually predict behavior.  d. Tests can provide insight into overt but not covert behavior. Which of the following relates raw test scores to theoretical or empirical distributions?  a. transforms  b. reliability  c. scales  d. theories The general potential to solve problems, adapt, and profit from experience is called  a. ability  b. achievement  c. prediction  d. intelligence Which of the following is the most important function of testing?  a. To determine what sort of treatment or other intervention is appropriate  b. To develop accurate portraits of individuals  c. To discriminate among related constructs  d. To differentiate among individuals taking the test When you gather information through verbal interaction, you are using a(n)  a. individual test.  b. interview.  c. group test.  d. brainstorming. If one can depend upon the results of a particular test to be consistently accurate, the test can be said to be  a. valid.  b. structured.  c. unambiguous.  d. reliable. A test that yields dependable and consistent results is ____.  a. meaningful  b. objective  c. reliable  d. valid The validity of a psychological test refers to its  a. dependability. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. meaning.  c. objectivity.  d. fairness. If a particular test "X" has been shown to accurately predict success in a particular job, then the test is said to be  a. valid.  b. structured.  c. ambiguous.  d. reliable. Test administration refers to the  a. construction of the test.  b. validation of the test.  c. act of taking a test.  d. act of giving a test. What evolutionary constructs did Galton apply in his book “Hereditary Genius?  a. genetics and epigenetics  b. survival of the fittest and individual differences  c. random differences and population variation  d. evolution and selective breeding Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 2) The origins of testing can be traced to  a. Egypt.  b. England.  c. China.  d. Russia. The use of test batteries was common by the time of the  a. Ling Dynasty.  b. Han Dynasty.  c. Tam Dynasty.  d. Nam Dynasty. Two or more tests that are given together and relate seemingly diverse topics are called  a. structured.  b. unstructured.  c. batteries.  d. portfolios. Sir Francis Galton set out to show  a. that some humans possessed characteristics that made them more fit than other humans.  b. that humans did not differ significantly from each other.  c. that life evolved on this planet partially because of individual differences among individual forms of life within a species or type of animal. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  d. that the concept of survival of the fittest was essentially incorrect. The term "mental test" was coined by  a. Charles Darwin.  b. Sir Francis Galton.  c. Alfred Binet.  d. James M. Cattell. The work of Weber and Fechner represent which foundation of psychological testing?  a. individual differences  b. psychophysical measurement  c. survival of the fittest  d. Darwinian evolution Which of the following scientists is credited with founding the science of psychology?  a. Herbart  b. Wundt  c. Weber  d. Cattell The first version of the Binet-Simon scale was published in  a. 1896  b. 1905.  c. 1908.  d. 1911. Which test represented a major breakthrough in the measurement of cognitive ability?  a. Binet-Simon Scale  b. Seguin Form Board Test  c. Strong Vocational Interest Bank  d. Carnegie Interest Inventory It is important to obtain a standardization sample  a. to prevent bias in the development and scoring of the test.  b. to provide a reference sample to which the results of a new subject can be compared.  c. to separate the intellectually subnormal from the normal individual.  d. to ensure the representativeness of a sample. The first intelligence tests were developed for the purpose of  a. identifying gifted children.  b. finding the most suitable candidates for the U.S. Army.  c. measuring emotional instability.  d. identifying intellectually subnormal individuals. In order to establish norms, a large group of people is being given a test under the same conditions in which the test will actually be used. This group is called a(n) ____ group. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  a. reliability  b. standardization  c. random  d. experimental A standardization sample is representative if the sample  a. has been subjected to rigorous experimental control.  b. consists of individuals that are similar to the group to be tested.  c. consists of a great many individuals.  d. is administered in the same way as the actual test group will be. When a test is administered to the general population, norms should be established using a representative sample that  a. has been administered the test under standard conditions.  b. has been chosen in a completely random fashion.  c. represents all segments of the population in proportion to their numbers.  d. is comprised of a great many individuals. Administering a test with precisely the same instructions and format is giving it under  a. normative conditions.  b. standard conditions.  c. facilitative conditions.  d. group administration. Dr. Johnson is trying to establish norms for his new test. He determined that 50% of the people in the standardization sample should be Hispanic, 20% Caucasian, 15% Asian, and 15% African American. He is creating a  a. normalization group.  b. representative sample.  c. random sample.  d. population statistics. The Stanford-Binet intelligence scale was developed by  a. A. Binet.  b. T. Simon.  c. A. Binet and T. Simon.  d. L. M. Terman. The concept of mental age was introduced in  a. 1905.  b. 1908.  c. 1911.  d. 1916. Eight-year-old Daniel was administered the Binet-Simon Scale that suggested he was functioning at the same level as a senior in high school. This is an example of a(n)  a. outcome measure. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. mental age scale.  c. restandardization.  d. norm. A child's mental age  a. cannot be determined independently of the child's chronological age.  b. provides a measurement of a child's performance relative to other children of a particular age group.  c. cannot be determined from a child's test score.  d. can only be determined from large representative samples. The use of standardized tests after WWI culminated with the publication of the  a. Stanford Binet test.  b. Stanford Achievement Test.  c. Army Beta.  d. Army Alpha. The first group tests of human abilities were developed for  a. screening intellectually subnormal school children.  b. selecting soldiers to fight for the U.S. in World War I.  c. selecting pilots for advanced training in the World War II.  d. evaluating which students should be admitted to public universities. Which of the following is a group test of human ability for an adult that does NOT require the subject to be literate?  a. Army Alpha  b. Seguin Form Board  c. Army Beta  d. Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale Robert Yerkes led the team of psychologists that developed the  a. Army Alpha and Army Beta.  b. Seguin Form Board.  c. Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale.  d. Yerkes Personal Data Sheet. Which of the following tests produced both a verbal and a performance IQ?  a. Terman's Stanford-Binet  b. The 1908 Binet-Simon scale  c. The Army Beta  d. The Wechsler-Bellevue scale Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 3) A trait is ____.  a. dependent upon the situation  b. defined as the motivating force behind behavior  c. strongly impacted by changes in the environment Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  d. an enduring disposition that distinguishes one individual from another The first structured personality test was the  a. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.  b. Woodworth Personal Data Sheet.  c. Thematic Apperception Test.  d. 16 Personality Factors test. A major problem with the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet was that  a. it assumed the answers were acceptable at face value.  b. the normative sample was too small.  c. it was difficult to administer.  d. there were too few questions. Structured personality tests became unpopular in the 1930s and 1940s because they  a. were difficult to administer.  b. were too subjective.  c. were not standardized.  d. relied on the face value of responses. Which of the following is an example of a trait?  a. depression  b. fear  c. pessimism  d. anger The Rorschach was introduced into the United States by  a. Henry Murray.  b. Herman Rorschach.  c. Sam Beck.  d. David Levy. The Rorschach presents ambiguous stimuli to an individual who then provides his or her own personal interpretation. This is an example of what kind of test?  a. structured  b. projective  c. intelligence  d. abilities Who is associated with the development of the TAT?  a. Murray & Morgan  b. Terman & Binet  c. Levy & Beck  d. Morgan & Beck Which of the following are both projective tests?  a. the Rorschach and the MMPI Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. the Rorschach and the TAT  c. the Rorschach and the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet  d. the TAT and the MMPI Which of the following tests is purported to measure human needs?  a. 16PF  b. TAT  c. MMPI  d. Rorschach Who developed the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire?  a. J. R. Guilford  b. R.B. Cattell  c. L.L. Thurstone  d. Sam Beck The first attempt to apply factor analytic techniques to test construction were made by  a. Sam Beck.  b. R.B. Cattell.  c. Henry Murray.  d. J.R. Guilford. A method for finding the minimum number of dimensions to account for a large number of variables is called  a. correlational analysis.  b. multiple regression.  c. factor analysis.  d. analysis of variance. Factor analytic techniques were employed in the development of the  a. MMPI.  b. CPI.  c. TAT.  d. 16PF. The Shakow report emphasized that  a. most personality tests were invalid.  b. I.Q. tests should not be used to place children in special classes.  c. testing is a unique function of doctoral-level clinical psychologists  d. all tests must have normative samples. Jeremy lost his job very unexpectedly last year, and for a short while he was not as confident as usual. This change in his level of confidence was representative of a(n)  a. trait.  b. state.  c. abnormal behavior. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya ()