NOTES ABOUT RNA(Ribonucleic acid):
RNA Definition
RNA (Ribonucleic acid) is a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule and
made up of ribonucleotides.
A ribose nucleotide in the chain of RNA consists of a ribose sugar,
phosphate group, and a base.
In each ribose sugar, one of the four bases is added: Adenine (A),
Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U).
The base is attached to a ribose sugar with the help of a
phosphodiester bond. As RNA comprises many ribose nucleotides,
the length of the chains of nucleotides can vary according to their
types or their functions.
RNA thus differs from DNA, on the type of sugar used to make the
molecule and replacement of base Thymine in DNA with Uracil in
RNA. Additionally, DNA is a double-stranded molecule whereas RNA
is a single-stranded molecule.
Properties of RNA
, RNA is a single-stranded molecule and not a double helix, one of
the consequences of this, is that RNA can form a variety of three-
dimensional molecular complexes than DNA.
RNA has ribose sugar in its nucleotides, rather than deoxyribose.
These two sugars differ from each other in the presence or absence
of an Oxygen atom.
Ribose sugar is also a cyclical structure consisting of 5 Carbon and
one Oxygen just like DNA. But the major difference is the presence
of extra OH group in 2’ Carbon of ribose which is absent in
deoxyribose sugar.
The OH group in 2’ Carbon makes the RNA molecule prone to
hydrolysis.
Some studies have also concluded that this chemical liability of RNA
due to extra OH- the group has led to DNA being the genetic
storehouse as it lacks OH group in 2’Carbon making it more stable
to hold information.
RNA nucleotides carry the nitrogenous bases, Purines, and
Pyrimidines. But in RNA in place of Pyrimidine Thymine, Uracil is
present which too forms hydrogen bonding with Adenine just as
Thymine does in DNA molecule.
Structure of RNA
RNA is a typical single-stranded biopolymer of ribonucleotides
bonded with each other via a phosphodiester bond.
An RNA strand is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction from a locally
single-stranded region of DNA.
It has ribose sugars that are attached to four bases: Adenine,
Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine. Ribose sugar has an extra OH- group
in 2’ Carbon as compared to deoxyribose sugar in DNA.
RNA Definition
RNA (Ribonucleic acid) is a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule and
made up of ribonucleotides.
A ribose nucleotide in the chain of RNA consists of a ribose sugar,
phosphate group, and a base.
In each ribose sugar, one of the four bases is added: Adenine (A),
Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U).
The base is attached to a ribose sugar with the help of a
phosphodiester bond. As RNA comprises many ribose nucleotides,
the length of the chains of nucleotides can vary according to their
types or their functions.
RNA thus differs from DNA, on the type of sugar used to make the
molecule and replacement of base Thymine in DNA with Uracil in
RNA. Additionally, DNA is a double-stranded molecule whereas RNA
is a single-stranded molecule.
Properties of RNA
, RNA is a single-stranded molecule and not a double helix, one of
the consequences of this, is that RNA can form a variety of three-
dimensional molecular complexes than DNA.
RNA has ribose sugar in its nucleotides, rather than deoxyribose.
These two sugars differ from each other in the presence or absence
of an Oxygen atom.
Ribose sugar is also a cyclical structure consisting of 5 Carbon and
one Oxygen just like DNA. But the major difference is the presence
of extra OH group in 2’ Carbon of ribose which is absent in
deoxyribose sugar.
The OH group in 2’ Carbon makes the RNA molecule prone to
hydrolysis.
Some studies have also concluded that this chemical liability of RNA
due to extra OH- the group has led to DNA being the genetic
storehouse as it lacks OH group in 2’Carbon making it more stable
to hold information.
RNA nucleotides carry the nitrogenous bases, Purines, and
Pyrimidines. But in RNA in place of Pyrimidine Thymine, Uracil is
present which too forms hydrogen bonding with Adenine just as
Thymine does in DNA molecule.
Structure of RNA
RNA is a typical single-stranded biopolymer of ribonucleotides
bonded with each other via a phosphodiester bond.
An RNA strand is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction from a locally
single-stranded region of DNA.
It has ribose sugars that are attached to four bases: Adenine,
Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine. Ribose sugar has an extra OH- group
in 2’ Carbon as compared to deoxyribose sugar in DNA.
