Chemistry 1001- Stoichiometry

Chapter 7: Stoichiometry Overview: 1. Writing and balancing Chemical Equations 2. Classifying Chemical Reactions 3. Reaction Stoichiometry 4. Reaction Yields 1.Writing and balancing chemical equations: • Chemical Equations: using symbolism to represent both the identities and the relative quantities of substances undergoing a chemical (or physical) change. • Reactants: Substances undergoing reaction • Products: Substances generated by the reaction • Coefficient: relative number of products and reactants specified. • Balanced equation: Meaning that equal number of atoms for each element involved in the reaction are represented on both the reactant and product side. o To obtain balance, the coefficients of the equation may need to be changed. o The formula subscripts (little numbers) cannot be changed. • • Physical state: Indicated by parenthetical abbreviations o (S)-Solid, (L)-Liquid, (g)-gas, (Aq)- Aqueous -Ionic equations- • Complete Ionic Equation- explicitly represents all dissolved ions. o Ex. • • Specter Ions: Ions that maintain their neutral charge, neither chemically or physically changed. o Ex. • Net Ionic Equations: Simplest equation for the reaction. 2. Classifying Reactions • Precipitation Reaction: Dissolved substance reacts to form one (or more) solid products, also known as double replacement or metathesis. • Solubility: The maximum concentration of a substance that can be achieved under specific conditions. o Soluble: Able to dissolve o Insoluble: Difficult/ does not dissolve. o Solubility exceeded = formation of precipitate (Solid fallout).