Summary Intermediate MS Week 1 Notes Cancer/Gerontology

Intermediate MS Week 1 Notes Cancer/GerontologyIntermediate MS Week 1 Notes Cancer/Gerontology Focus on chapter 15 part 2 of the slides Cancer Definition: uncontrolled and unregulated cell growth Neoplastic disease that involves abnormal cell growth and differentiation 2 major dysfunctions in cancer cells: cell growth and cell differentiation Protooncogenes: are genes that promote growth. Any mutations with protooncogenes will lead turn them to oncogenes which will be cancer cells Tumor suppressor genes: suppresses tumor cells. Stops division of mutated cells. Once cells begin to mutate it means the tumor suppressor gene is inactive Ex of tumor suppressor genes: BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 which represents breast cancers Prevention of cancer: Reduce or avoid carcinogens like cigarettes or sun exposure Carcinogens are cancer causing agents that are capable of making cell alterations They can enter cells nucleus and change the cell’s DNA • Chemical, • radiation, and • viral are types of carcinogens • Chemical carcinogens ex: chimney sweeps • Alkylating and immunosuppressive medications • Occupation like jobs that deal with sun exposure or x-rays • Viral carcinogens: hep B, HPV, HIV, EBV Promote balanced diet LIMIT alcohol intake (not completely stop) Avoid smoking Avoid drug use Needle sharing: diabetic and sharing needles etc.