HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2019 - 100 CORRECT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE

HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2019 100 CORRECT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE 1. A nurse is caring for a client with histoplasmosis who is receiving intravenous amphotericin B (Fungizone). What should the nurse do while the medication is being administered? A Monitor the client’s urine output Correct B Monitor the client for hypothermia C Check the client’s neurological status Incorrect D Check the client’s blood glucose level Rationale: Amphotericin B can produce medication toxicity during administration and exhibit symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, vomiting, and impairment of renal function. The medication is also irritating to the IV site, commonly causing thrombophlebitis. 2. A nurse is assessing a peripheral intravenous (IV) site and notes blanching, coolness, and edema at the insertion site. What should the nurse do first? E Remove the IV Correct F Apply a warm compress G Check for blood return H Measure the area of infiltration Rationale: Blanching, coolness, and edema of the IV site are all signs of infiltration. Because infiltration may result in damage to the surrounding tissue, the nurse must first remove the IV cannula to prevent any further damage. The nurse should not depend solely on the blood return for assurance that the cannula is in the vein, because blood return may be present even if the cannula is only partially in the vein. Compresses may be used, but the compress (warm or cool) depends on the type of solution infusing and physician preference. The nurse should measure the area of infiltration after the IV has been removed so that further tissue damage is prevented. 3. A nurse provides instructions to a client who will be taking furosemide (Lasix). Which of the following statements by the client indicates to the nurse that the client needs additional instruction? I “I need to sit or stand up slowly.” J “I should expect to have ringing in my ears.” Correct K “I need to maintain my fluid intake.” Incorrect L “This medication will make me urinate.”