Geavanceerde Netwerken – Samenvatting
Inhoudsopgave
Week 1 ............................................................................................................................... 2
Les 1 (WAN (World Area Network) .............................................................................................. 2
Les 2 (Point-to-point) .................................................................................................................. 5
Week 2 ............................................................................................................................... 9
Les 1 (Branch Connections) ......................................................................................................... 9
Les 2 (eBGP) Belangrijk! ............................................................................................................ 12
Week 3 ............................................................................................................................. 13
Les 1 (Access Control Lists) ........................................................................................................ 13
Les 2 (Campus Network Security) .............................................................................................. 14
Week 4 ............................................................................................................................. 17
Les 1 (Policy Based Routing ....................................................................................................... 17
Les 2 (Network Monitoring) ...................................................................................................... 20
Week 5 ............................................................................................................................. 21
Les 1 (MPLS).............................................................................................................................. 21
Les 2 (QoS) ................................................................................................................................ 23
Week 6 ............................................................................................................................. 27
Les 1 (Network evolution and Troubleshooting) ........................................................................ 27
TCSB-V2ANW-16
Hogeschool Utrecht
Periode A
,Week 1
Les 1 (WAN (World Area Network)
Waarom worden er WAN-verbindingen gebruikt in een netwerk. A WAN operates beyond
the geographic scope of a LAN.
§ WANs are used to interconnect the enterprise LAN to remote LANs in branch sites
and telecommuter sites.
§ A WAN is owned by a service provider whereas a LAN is typically owned by an
organization.
§ An organization must pay a fee to use the WAN service provider’s network services
to connect remote sites.
§ Service providers provide links to interconnect remote sites for the purpose of
transporting data, voice, and video.
WAN topologies:
§ Point-to-Point topology
• Employs a point-to-point circuit between two endpoints
• Typically involves a dedicated leased-line connection such as a T1/E1 line.
• Transparent to the customer network and appears to be a direct physical link
between two endpoints
§ Hub-and-Spoke
• Applicable when a private network connection between multiple sites is
required
• A single interface to the hub can be shared by all spoke circuits.
• Spoke sites can be interconnected through the hub site using virtual circuits
and routed subinterfaces at the hub.
§ Full Mesh
• A disadvantage of the hub-and-spoke topology is that all communication has
to go through the hub.
• With a full mesh topology using virtual circuits, any site can communicate
directly with any other site.
• A disadvantage is the large number of virtual circuits that need to be
configured and maintained.
§ Dual-homed Topology
• Provides redundancy and load balancing however they are more expensive to
implement than single-homed topologies.
• Requires additional networking hardware including routers and switches.
• More difficult to implement since they require complex configurations.
Samenvatting Geavanceerde Netwerken 2
, WAN in het OSI-model. De techniek WAN maakt gebruik van laag 1 en 2.
§ Layer 1 protocols describe how to provide electrical, mechanical, operational, and
functional connects to the services of a communications service provider.
§ Layer 2 protocols define how data is encapsulated and the mechanisms for
transferring the resulting frames.
Een verschil tussen een WAN en LAN:
§ One primary difference between a WAN and a LAN is that a company must subscribe
to an outside WAN service provider to use WAN carrier network services.
§ Terminology commonly used to describe WAN connections:
• Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) –Consists of devices and inside wiring
located on the enterprise edge connecting to a carrier
• Data Communications Equipment (DCE) – Also called circuit-terminating
equipment, the DCE consists of devices that put data on the local loop. The
DCE primarily provides an interface to connect subscribers to a
communication link on the WAN cloud.
• Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) – The customer devices that pass the data
from a customer network or host computer for transmission over the WAN.
The DTE connects to the local loop through the DCE.
• Demarcation Point – This is a point established in a building to separate
customer equipment from service provider equipment.
• Local Loop (“last mile”) – The actual copper or fiber cable that connects the
CPE to the CO of the service provider.
• Central Office (CO) – The CO is the local service provider facility or building
that connects the CPE to the provider network.
• Toll network – This consists of the long-haul, all-digital, fiber-optic
communications lines and other equipment inside the WAN provider
network.
Samenvatting Geavanceerde Netwerken 3
Inhoudsopgave
Week 1 ............................................................................................................................... 2
Les 1 (WAN (World Area Network) .............................................................................................. 2
Les 2 (Point-to-point) .................................................................................................................. 5
Week 2 ............................................................................................................................... 9
Les 1 (Branch Connections) ......................................................................................................... 9
Les 2 (eBGP) Belangrijk! ............................................................................................................ 12
Week 3 ............................................................................................................................. 13
Les 1 (Access Control Lists) ........................................................................................................ 13
Les 2 (Campus Network Security) .............................................................................................. 14
Week 4 ............................................................................................................................. 17
Les 1 (Policy Based Routing ....................................................................................................... 17
Les 2 (Network Monitoring) ...................................................................................................... 20
Week 5 ............................................................................................................................. 21
Les 1 (MPLS).............................................................................................................................. 21
Les 2 (QoS) ................................................................................................................................ 23
Week 6 ............................................................................................................................. 27
Les 1 (Network evolution and Troubleshooting) ........................................................................ 27
TCSB-V2ANW-16
Hogeschool Utrecht
Periode A
,Week 1
Les 1 (WAN (World Area Network)
Waarom worden er WAN-verbindingen gebruikt in een netwerk. A WAN operates beyond
the geographic scope of a LAN.
§ WANs are used to interconnect the enterprise LAN to remote LANs in branch sites
and telecommuter sites.
§ A WAN is owned by a service provider whereas a LAN is typically owned by an
organization.
§ An organization must pay a fee to use the WAN service provider’s network services
to connect remote sites.
§ Service providers provide links to interconnect remote sites for the purpose of
transporting data, voice, and video.
WAN topologies:
§ Point-to-Point topology
• Employs a point-to-point circuit between two endpoints
• Typically involves a dedicated leased-line connection such as a T1/E1 line.
• Transparent to the customer network and appears to be a direct physical link
between two endpoints
§ Hub-and-Spoke
• Applicable when a private network connection between multiple sites is
required
• A single interface to the hub can be shared by all spoke circuits.
• Spoke sites can be interconnected through the hub site using virtual circuits
and routed subinterfaces at the hub.
§ Full Mesh
• A disadvantage of the hub-and-spoke topology is that all communication has
to go through the hub.
• With a full mesh topology using virtual circuits, any site can communicate
directly with any other site.
• A disadvantage is the large number of virtual circuits that need to be
configured and maintained.
§ Dual-homed Topology
• Provides redundancy and load balancing however they are more expensive to
implement than single-homed topologies.
• Requires additional networking hardware including routers and switches.
• More difficult to implement since they require complex configurations.
Samenvatting Geavanceerde Netwerken 2
, WAN in het OSI-model. De techniek WAN maakt gebruik van laag 1 en 2.
§ Layer 1 protocols describe how to provide electrical, mechanical, operational, and
functional connects to the services of a communications service provider.
§ Layer 2 protocols define how data is encapsulated and the mechanisms for
transferring the resulting frames.
Een verschil tussen een WAN en LAN:
§ One primary difference between a WAN and a LAN is that a company must subscribe
to an outside WAN service provider to use WAN carrier network services.
§ Terminology commonly used to describe WAN connections:
• Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) –Consists of devices and inside wiring
located on the enterprise edge connecting to a carrier
• Data Communications Equipment (DCE) – Also called circuit-terminating
equipment, the DCE consists of devices that put data on the local loop. The
DCE primarily provides an interface to connect subscribers to a
communication link on the WAN cloud.
• Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) – The customer devices that pass the data
from a customer network or host computer for transmission over the WAN.
The DTE connects to the local loop through the DCE.
• Demarcation Point – This is a point established in a building to separate
customer equipment from service provider equipment.
• Local Loop (“last mile”) – The actual copper or fiber cable that connects the
CPE to the CO of the service provider.
• Central Office (CO) – The CO is the local service provider facility or building
that connects the CPE to the provider network.
• Toll network – This consists of the long-haul, all-digital, fiber-optic
communications lines and other equipment inside the WAN provider
network.
Samenvatting Geavanceerde Netwerken 3
