CONTRACT
LAW
Relevant cases & articles from:
The Dutch Civil Code (DCC)
England (Common Law)
The Principles of European Contract
Law (PECL)
Zina al Joubori (19055811)
THE HAGUE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCINCES
, CONTRACT LAW
Dutch Civil Code (DCC) required articles & cases
THE HAGUE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCINCES
ZINA AL JOUBORI
, International Bachelor of Law 2020-2021
ProgramSummary
Course 151515 Contract Law Y1 – Q2
By Zina Al Joubori DCC arts & cases
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Establishing Mutual Assent is Important (DCC): ........................................................................................ 2
What is an offer? ......................................................................................................................................... 2
Are goods on display in a shop an offer?/ Is a public advert an offer? ........................................................ 2
revocation of an offer................................................................................................................................... 2
rejection or lapsation of an offer ................................................................................................................. 2
Mirror Image Rule....................................................................................................................................... 3
Receipt Rule ................................................................................................................................................. 3
Intention to be legally binding ..................................................................................................................... 3
capacity ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
formalities .................................................................................................................................................... 4
notorial act ................................................................................................................................................... 5
general rule of interpetation ........................................................................................................................ 5
ilegality ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
defect of concent/devective will .................................................................................................................... 6
Mistake ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
fraud ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
Threat/ Duress ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Undue Influence .......................................................................................................................................... 7
partial preformance ..................................................................................................................................... 7
unforseen circumustances/ intervening event .............................................................................................. 8
Remedies for Non-performance ................................................................................................................... 8
, International Bachelor of Law 2020-2021
ProgramSummary
Course 151515 Contract Law Y1 – Q2
By Zina Al Joubori DCC arts & cases
D U T C H C IV I L C O D E
EST ABL ISHING M UT UAL ASSENT IS IMPORT ANT (DCC):
Article 6:213(1) DCC: Definition of an ‘obligatory agreement’
An agreement in the sense of this Section is a more-sided (multilateral) juridical act under which one
or more parties have subjected themselves to an obligation towards one or more other parties.
Article 3:33 DCC: Definition of ‘juridical act’
A juridical act requires the will (intention) of the acting person to establish a specific legal effect,
which will (intention) has to be expressed through a statement of the acting person.
Article 6:217(1) DCC: Creation of agreement
An agreement comes to existence by an offer and its acceptance.
WH AT IS AN OFFER?
DCC Art. 6:227 DCC
The obligations to which parties subject themselves under the agreement, must be
determinable.
ARE GO ODS ON DISPL AY IN A SHOP AN OFFER? / IS A PUBLIC AD VERT AN OFFER?
DCC Hofland v. Hennis
• Hofland v. Hennis The court held that an advertisement offering to sell a specific property at a
• So long as Stocks Last certain price does in principle not qualify to be interpreted by potential offerees
• YES as anything else than invitation to enter into negotiations, whereby matters such
as the price, additional conditions of the purchase and the prospective buyer
may be of importance.
REVOC AT IO N OF AN OFF ER
DCC Article 6:219 Revocable offer; offer without engagement for the offeror; option rights
1. An offer may be revoked, unless it points out a period for its acceptance or its
irrevocability results in another way from the offer.
2. A revocable offer can only be revoked as long as it has not been accepted and the
addressed party has not yet sent a message in which he accepts the offer. …
3. A contractual provision under which one of the parties has engaged himself to enter
into a specific agreement with the opposite party as soon as the opposite party requests
so, is regarded as an irrevocable offer.
REJECT ION OR LAPSAT I ON OF AN OFFER
DCC Article 6:221 Ending of a verbal or written offer and of a rejected offer
LAW
Relevant cases & articles from:
The Dutch Civil Code (DCC)
England (Common Law)
The Principles of European Contract
Law (PECL)
Zina al Joubori (19055811)
THE HAGUE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCINCES
, CONTRACT LAW
Dutch Civil Code (DCC) required articles & cases
THE HAGUE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCINCES
ZINA AL JOUBORI
, International Bachelor of Law 2020-2021
ProgramSummary
Course 151515 Contract Law Y1 – Q2
By Zina Al Joubori DCC arts & cases
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Establishing Mutual Assent is Important (DCC): ........................................................................................ 2
What is an offer? ......................................................................................................................................... 2
Are goods on display in a shop an offer?/ Is a public advert an offer? ........................................................ 2
revocation of an offer................................................................................................................................... 2
rejection or lapsation of an offer ................................................................................................................. 2
Mirror Image Rule....................................................................................................................................... 3
Receipt Rule ................................................................................................................................................. 3
Intention to be legally binding ..................................................................................................................... 3
capacity ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
formalities .................................................................................................................................................... 4
notorial act ................................................................................................................................................... 5
general rule of interpetation ........................................................................................................................ 5
ilegality ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
defect of concent/devective will .................................................................................................................... 6
Mistake ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
fraud ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
Threat/ Duress ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Undue Influence .......................................................................................................................................... 7
partial preformance ..................................................................................................................................... 7
unforseen circumustances/ intervening event .............................................................................................. 8
Remedies for Non-performance ................................................................................................................... 8
, International Bachelor of Law 2020-2021
ProgramSummary
Course 151515 Contract Law Y1 – Q2
By Zina Al Joubori DCC arts & cases
D U T C H C IV I L C O D E
EST ABL ISHING M UT UAL ASSENT IS IMPORT ANT (DCC):
Article 6:213(1) DCC: Definition of an ‘obligatory agreement’
An agreement in the sense of this Section is a more-sided (multilateral) juridical act under which one
or more parties have subjected themselves to an obligation towards one or more other parties.
Article 3:33 DCC: Definition of ‘juridical act’
A juridical act requires the will (intention) of the acting person to establish a specific legal effect,
which will (intention) has to be expressed through a statement of the acting person.
Article 6:217(1) DCC: Creation of agreement
An agreement comes to existence by an offer and its acceptance.
WH AT IS AN OFFER?
DCC Art. 6:227 DCC
The obligations to which parties subject themselves under the agreement, must be
determinable.
ARE GO ODS ON DISPL AY IN A SHOP AN OFFER? / IS A PUBLIC AD VERT AN OFFER?
DCC Hofland v. Hennis
• Hofland v. Hennis The court held that an advertisement offering to sell a specific property at a
• So long as Stocks Last certain price does in principle not qualify to be interpreted by potential offerees
• YES as anything else than invitation to enter into negotiations, whereby matters such
as the price, additional conditions of the purchase and the prospective buyer
may be of importance.
REVOC AT IO N OF AN OFF ER
DCC Article 6:219 Revocable offer; offer without engagement for the offeror; option rights
1. An offer may be revoked, unless it points out a period for its acceptance or its
irrevocability results in another way from the offer.
2. A revocable offer can only be revoked as long as it has not been accepted and the
addressed party has not yet sent a message in which he accepts the offer. …
3. A contractual provision under which one of the parties has engaged himself to enter
into a specific agreement with the opposite party as soon as the opposite party requests
so, is regarded as an irrevocable offer.
REJECT ION OR LAPSAT I ON OF AN OFFER
DCC Article 6:221 Ending of a verbal or written offer and of a rejected offer
