Summary Maternal Child Nursing Final Study Guide_2020 | NSG 101 Maternal Child Nursing Final Study Guide - Updated

NSG 101 Maternal Child Nursing Final Study Guide - 2021 Respiratory Disorders CHOANAL ATRESIA Something that obstructs the nasalpassages Blockage could be due to abnormal bonygrowth or soft tissue or membrane Watch out for cyanosis - Cyanosis increases during feeding - Cyanosis decreases when infant iscrying CAUSES Idiopathic, even the contributing factors SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Initially (especially bilateral), difficulty ofbreathing, later on manifestation: cyanosis - This cyanosis manifests moreduring feeding. *New-borns are obligatory nose breathers Continuous mucous draining from nostrils - Mucous has no other way but togo out due to the blockage DIAGNOSIS Catheter - Nasal catheter NGT - If it fails to pass through, there isan obstruction - To confirm, but ordered by doctor - Done by nurse X-ray or CT Scan - To confirm - ordered by doctor One way to check if nostrils is patent(check if 2 holes are obstructed) - Occlusion of one nostril to palpate for any obstruction then same for the other (Initial way for a nurse to diagnose for choanal atresia) MANAGEMENT Temporary: Insertion of oral airway - To allow baby to breathe prior to surgery - Alleviates onlySurgery - Only treatment ▪ Tissue or membrane: perforate (pierce throughmembrane or tissue) - Bony growth: More complicatedsurgery, removal of bony growth NURSING CARE Participate in early screening Maintain patency of oral airway Continuous monitoring of respiration Provide pre/post-op care Vital signs Administer medications if any Any surgery that requires the child to bein supine position or involving the face, check the presence of loose tooth to prevent aspiration during surgery Consent signed only by parents Ensure proper positioning - Since client is in supine (high risk foraspiration), reposition the client in prone to allow the passage or drainage of secretions SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME Bangungot – SIDS SUNDS - Sudden Unexplained Nocturnal Death Syndrome/young Asian’s syndrome - Common in young male Asians Commonly mistaken for acute pancreatitis - AP – possible to die when you aresleeping but can’t be said as bangungot Related to cardiac problems - Heart can restart (able to wake upfrom a nightmare) - Heart can stop (won’t be able to wake up) Quiet death of a healthy infant that cannot be explained (even by autopsy) Idiopathic cause There are theories and precipitating factor SIDS increases due to prematurity - Preterm babies are highly vulnerablePeak age: 2 months (first 28 days – high Stridor risk for neonatal morbidity and mortality) SIDS increases if there is a history of - Baby in supine position makes noisethat sounds like a snore previous baby who died secondary to SIDS Cough Common for babies sleeping in prone - Tries to expel out any irritant position - Brassy, croupy, barking (dry) cough Only said that it’s SIDS if there is death - Morning: client appears fine - Afternoon: manifestations come out MANIFESTATIONS Apnea Pallor & limpness Cool to touch Referring to a dead body already MANAGEMENT Resuscitation - If baby can still be saved - Noisy breathing when sleeping Retractions - 2 kinds: sternal & intercoastal - Intercoastal: lower airway is alreadyaffected - Indention/depression is anindication of retraction Late sign - Cyanosis NURSING CARE Monitor - Apnea - Vitals - Resuscitation Resuscitation - 20 rescue breaths (once every 5cardiac compression) If baby dies - Provide comfort - Anticipatory grieving CROUP Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, andbronchia that results to spasm Caused by a viral infection Incidence rate is higher among youngerchildren (<3 years old) Seasonal (peak season during winter andlate fall) When its colder, the immune systemweakens SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Fever - Low grade/febrile (usual in viral) *In bacterial infection more severe fever (high grade)MANAGEMENT Mild case: home remedy - warm ▪ Steam, if without the diffuser do it in the shower, with hot water with a window open(do not suffocate) - Cool-mist vapor ▪ Breathing in a cool place (fridge) Bronchodilator - Nebulizer or oral Feve r - Antipyretic - Acetaminophen Corticosteroids IV Fluid EPIGLOTITIS Considered as an emergency Need for intubation Inflammation of the epiglottis Cause: bacterial infection HIB vaccine (check record), if with HIBvaccine, then it may be streptococcal infection and not bacterial (HIB) - - - - - - -