SEPT/OCT EXAM 2021
EMA2601
EXAM NOTES
DO NOT COPY AN PAST THESE NOTES AS IT
WOULD BE CONSIDERED AS PLAGIARISM AS
THESE NOTES COME DIRECT FROM
THE
EMA1501
STUDY GUIDE
1
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
TERMINOLOGY OF QUESTIONS IN ASSIGNMENTS AND EXAM ................................................. 4
The meaning of the keywords IS to be able to ANSWER the questions correctly................ 4
ASSIGNMENT 1 2021 MEMO .................................................................................................... 4
LEARNING UNIT 1 ....................................................................................................................... 8
WHAT IS EMERGENT MATHEMATICS? .................................................................................. 8
DiffERENce between concept and skill .............................................................................. 8
CHILD DEVELOPMENT THEORIES AND EMERGENT MATHEMATICS.......................................... 9
three important cognitive development theorists and their influence on the teaching and
learning of mathematics. ....................................................................................................... 9
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory................................................................................ 9
The stages of Piaget’s theory relevant to this module: ......................................................... 9
1. The sensorimotor phase (birth to about age2) ....................................................... 9
2. The pre-operational phase (2-7 years) and a sub-stage named the pre conceptual
stage (2-4 years)................................................................................................................. 9
3. The concrete operational stage (7-11 years). ......................................................... 9
The social constructivist theory of Vygotsky ....................................................................... 10
The social constructivist theory of Bruner ........................................................................... 10
Bruner’s THREE TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE .............................................................................. 10
Enactive knowledge ......................................................................................................... 10
Iconic knowledge ............................................................................................................. 11
Symbolic knowledge ........................................................................................................ 11
PRE-MATHEMATICS CONCEPTS AND SKILLS ............................................................................ 12
the following principles apply when learning to count ....................................................... 12
What exactly is Perceptual Subitising? ............................................................................ 13
What exactly is Conceptual Subitising? ........................................................................... 13
What is Spatial orientation and direction? ...................................................................... 14
The relationship between play and emergent mathematics .............................................. 15
Types of play ............................................................................................................................ 15
LEARNING UNIT 2 ..................................................................................................................... 18
HOW NUMBER SENSE IS DEVELOPED IN THE EARLY YEARS through Pre-number concepts
.............................................................................................................................................. 19
2
,LEARNING UNIT 3 ..................................................................................................................... 22
WHAT IS A PATTERN? .......................................................................................................... 22
Types of patterns ................................................................................................................. 22
In what order do students create patterns?........................................................................ 23
The importance of patterns ................................................................................................. 23
LEARNING UNIT 4 ..................................................................................................................... 24
WHAT TOPICS ARE SPACE AND SHAPE FOCUSEd ON? ........................................................ 24
What is Position and direction? ........................................................................................... 24
What is 2D shapes? ............................................................................................................. 25
WHAT IS 3D objects?............................................................................................................ 26
WHAT IS Symmetry? ............................................................................................................ 26
LEARNING UNIT 5 ..................................................................................................................... 28
WHAT IS MEASUREMENT?................................................................................................... 28
Time ......................................................................................................................................... 29
Length ...................................................................................................................................... 29
MASS ........................................................................................................................................ 30
CAPACITY AND VOLUME .......................................................................................................... 31
LEARNING UNIT 6 ..................................................................................................................... 32
Data handling ........................................................................................................................... 32
Data handling process .......................................................................................................... 32
LEARNING UNIT 7 ..................................................................................................................... 33
What is assessment? ............................................................................................................ 33
The purpose of a checklist ....................................................................................................... 36
3
, TERMINOLOGY OF QUESTIONS IN ASSIGNMENTS AND EXAM
THE MEANING OF THE KEYWORDS IS TO BE ABLE TO ANSWER THE
QUESTIONS CORRECTLY.
• Name/List: Only state the facts – do not expand.
• Describe (State, summarise, review, sketch): Simply record how you see a particular
phenomenon; give a brief, condensed statement.
• Discuss: This is a comprehensive term and includes terms such as compare,
motivate/substantiate, explain.
• Compare: Weigh different elements against one another and indicate similarities
and differences.
• Motivate/ Substantiate: The emphasis is on the reasons for a particular decision or
point of view. A certain degree of elaboration is needed, but the main emphasis lies
in the analysis of the motives/reasons.
• Explain: Write explanatory notes.
• Analyse: Pay attention to details and break the material into parts explain how each
part fits into the whole and write the obvious as well as the hidden characteristics or
meanings
• Demonstrate: Write how to do something step-by-step
• Identify: Name the essential characteristics
ASSIGNMENT 1 2021 MEMO
1. Which of the following statements best defines what emergent mathematics is?
2) Emergent mathematics is the term we use to describe how children construct mathematical
concepts and acquire mathematical skills from birth.
2. Which type of knowledge involves mental operations where the child uses representations
of concrete objects, for example, using pictures to represent the number of blocks?
4) Iconic knowledge
3. According to Piaget, at what stage do children use their senses to explore the world around
them?
1) Sensorimotor stage
4. The process through which a teacher adds support for students in order for them to learn is
referred to as…
2) Scaffolding
4
EMA2601
EXAM NOTES
DO NOT COPY AN PAST THESE NOTES AS IT
WOULD BE CONSIDERED AS PLAGIARISM AS
THESE NOTES COME DIRECT FROM
THE
EMA1501
STUDY GUIDE
1
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
TERMINOLOGY OF QUESTIONS IN ASSIGNMENTS AND EXAM ................................................. 4
The meaning of the keywords IS to be able to ANSWER the questions correctly................ 4
ASSIGNMENT 1 2021 MEMO .................................................................................................... 4
LEARNING UNIT 1 ....................................................................................................................... 8
WHAT IS EMERGENT MATHEMATICS? .................................................................................. 8
DiffERENce between concept and skill .............................................................................. 8
CHILD DEVELOPMENT THEORIES AND EMERGENT MATHEMATICS.......................................... 9
three important cognitive development theorists and their influence on the teaching and
learning of mathematics. ....................................................................................................... 9
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory................................................................................ 9
The stages of Piaget’s theory relevant to this module: ......................................................... 9
1. The sensorimotor phase (birth to about age2) ....................................................... 9
2. The pre-operational phase (2-7 years) and a sub-stage named the pre conceptual
stage (2-4 years)................................................................................................................. 9
3. The concrete operational stage (7-11 years). ......................................................... 9
The social constructivist theory of Vygotsky ....................................................................... 10
The social constructivist theory of Bruner ........................................................................... 10
Bruner’s THREE TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE .............................................................................. 10
Enactive knowledge ......................................................................................................... 10
Iconic knowledge ............................................................................................................. 11
Symbolic knowledge ........................................................................................................ 11
PRE-MATHEMATICS CONCEPTS AND SKILLS ............................................................................ 12
the following principles apply when learning to count ....................................................... 12
What exactly is Perceptual Subitising? ............................................................................ 13
What exactly is Conceptual Subitising? ........................................................................... 13
What is Spatial orientation and direction? ...................................................................... 14
The relationship between play and emergent mathematics .............................................. 15
Types of play ............................................................................................................................ 15
LEARNING UNIT 2 ..................................................................................................................... 18
HOW NUMBER SENSE IS DEVELOPED IN THE EARLY YEARS through Pre-number concepts
.............................................................................................................................................. 19
2
,LEARNING UNIT 3 ..................................................................................................................... 22
WHAT IS A PATTERN? .......................................................................................................... 22
Types of patterns ................................................................................................................. 22
In what order do students create patterns?........................................................................ 23
The importance of patterns ................................................................................................. 23
LEARNING UNIT 4 ..................................................................................................................... 24
WHAT TOPICS ARE SPACE AND SHAPE FOCUSEd ON? ........................................................ 24
What is Position and direction? ........................................................................................... 24
What is 2D shapes? ............................................................................................................. 25
WHAT IS 3D objects?............................................................................................................ 26
WHAT IS Symmetry? ............................................................................................................ 26
LEARNING UNIT 5 ..................................................................................................................... 28
WHAT IS MEASUREMENT?................................................................................................... 28
Time ......................................................................................................................................... 29
Length ...................................................................................................................................... 29
MASS ........................................................................................................................................ 30
CAPACITY AND VOLUME .......................................................................................................... 31
LEARNING UNIT 6 ..................................................................................................................... 32
Data handling ........................................................................................................................... 32
Data handling process .......................................................................................................... 32
LEARNING UNIT 7 ..................................................................................................................... 33
What is assessment? ............................................................................................................ 33
The purpose of a checklist ....................................................................................................... 36
3
, TERMINOLOGY OF QUESTIONS IN ASSIGNMENTS AND EXAM
THE MEANING OF THE KEYWORDS IS TO BE ABLE TO ANSWER THE
QUESTIONS CORRECTLY.
• Name/List: Only state the facts – do not expand.
• Describe (State, summarise, review, sketch): Simply record how you see a particular
phenomenon; give a brief, condensed statement.
• Discuss: This is a comprehensive term and includes terms such as compare,
motivate/substantiate, explain.
• Compare: Weigh different elements against one another and indicate similarities
and differences.
• Motivate/ Substantiate: The emphasis is on the reasons for a particular decision or
point of view. A certain degree of elaboration is needed, but the main emphasis lies
in the analysis of the motives/reasons.
• Explain: Write explanatory notes.
• Analyse: Pay attention to details and break the material into parts explain how each
part fits into the whole and write the obvious as well as the hidden characteristics or
meanings
• Demonstrate: Write how to do something step-by-step
• Identify: Name the essential characteristics
ASSIGNMENT 1 2021 MEMO
1. Which of the following statements best defines what emergent mathematics is?
2) Emergent mathematics is the term we use to describe how children construct mathematical
concepts and acquire mathematical skills from birth.
2. Which type of knowledge involves mental operations where the child uses representations
of concrete objects, for example, using pictures to represent the number of blocks?
4) Iconic knowledge
3. According to Piaget, at what stage do children use their senses to explore the world around
them?
1) Sensorimotor stage
4. The process through which a teacher adds support for students in order for them to learn is
referred to as…
2) Scaffolding
4
