NUR2502 Exam 1 Focused Review

Therapeutic communication  Remember your ABCs  Uterine leiomyoma - assessment, benign, slow-growing solid tumor that occurs from the overgrowth of smooth muscle and connective tissue in the uterus. It is also called fibroids or myomas. Heavy vaginal bleeding.  Erectile dysfunction- causes, treatment “impotence” Causes Inflammation of the prostate, urethra, or seminal vesicles Prostatectomy surgery Pelvic fracture Lumbosacral injury Vascular disease like hypertension Chronic neurological condition (Parkinson’s, MS) Endocrine disorder like DM or thyroid disorder Smoking and alcohol Drugs – antihypertensive Poor health Tx. Medication—teach about vasodilation effects Vacuum constriction device Injections with vasodilating drugs Penile implants (prostheses)  Education related to treatment for HPV/cervical cancer HPV vaccine  Breast cancer- preventative screenings, risk factors, diagnostic tests, education Risk factors Genetic Hx of previous breast cancer Dense breast tissue Early age at dx. Female sex. Age over 65. First relative with breast cancer. Late menopause. Nulliparity after 30 (not having kids), early period starts Male (testicular disorder) Use or oral contraceptive. High fat diet & Low fiber diet Alcohol & Smoking Exposure to low level radiation Hormone replacement therapy Obesity African American, Puerto Ricans female Diagnostic tests • Biopsy the only definitive way to detect BC MRI, ultrasounds (better view of clients with dense breasts), CT and X-ray Breast self-exam (palpable tumor or lesion) Biopsy Genetic testing (BRCA2 and 2), HER2 (excess normal genes that cause cell replication). Mammography, tomosynthesis (3D mammography)-visualization of lesion. Nuclear imaging- breast specific gamma imaging Positron emission mamo. Serum testing (liver enzymes, serum Calcium, alkaline phosphatase) • Increased lifts can indicate liver metastasis, calcium and phosphatase – bone metastasize. • Mammogram – masses too small to palpate, small dose of radiation exposure • Tomosynthesis – 3D images mammography • Ultrasound – clarify mammogram, differentiates fluid filled cyst or mass • Mri for high risk women and suspicious mammograms Education Preventative screening