PYC3703 – COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Chapter 8 Notes
Key Term Explanation Pg
Amygdala Linked to emotions?? 227
Cognitive Periods of rapid change that are followed by
224
hypothesis stability cause stronger encoding of memories
Cognitive
Interview procedure 252
interview
What people report as memories are
Constructive
constructed based on what actually happened
nature of 234
plus additional factors, such as the person’s
memory
knowledge, experiences and expectations
Critical lure 241
Crypto An example of a source monitoring error
236
amnesia Unconscious plagiarism of the work of others
Cultural life Record of culturally expected events that occur
225
script at a particular time in the life span
Cultural life Distinguishes between a person’s life story,
script which is all of the events that have occurred in 225
hypotheses a person’s life, and a cultural life script
DRM paradigm 241
Eyewitness Testimony by a person who was present at a
246
testimony crime
Flashbulb
Vivid and long-lasting memories 228
memory
Misleading information presented after a
Misinformation
person witnesses an event that can change 242
effect
how the person describes that event later
Misleading
post-event The misleading information 242
information
Narrative May remember an event not because of
rehearsal special mechanism but because we rehearse 232
hypothesis that event after they occur
Orienting
248
response
, Positive- The increase in confidence due to confirming
identification feedback after making the identification 250
feedback effect Serious problem in the justice system
Changing in wordings which occurs when
Pragmatic reading a sentence leads a person to expect
239
inference something that is not explicitly stated or implied
by the sentence
Enhanced memory for adolescence and you
Reminiscence
adulthood that is typically found in people over 224
bump
40
Repeated Comparing later memories to memories
229
recall collected immediately after the event
A technique where the same participants tried
Repeated
to remember the story at longer and longer 235
reproduction
intervals after they had first read it
Occurs when more recent learning interferes
Retroactive
with memory for something that happened in 244
interference
the past
A person’s knowledge about some aspect of
Schema 239
the environment
Our conception of the sequence of actions that
Script 240
usually occur during a particular experience
Memory is enhanced for events that occur as a
Self-image
person’s self-image or life identity is being 224
hypothesis
formed (Rathbone)
Source
236
misattribution
Source Process of determining the origins of our
235
monitoring memories, knowledge or beliefs
Source Provides an example of the constructive nature
monitoring of memory because when we remember
236
error/source something, we retrieve the memory and then
attribution determine where the memory came from
Von Restorff The finding that distinctiveness or
240
effect (un)expectancy aids memory
Refers to the observation that the presence of
Weapon focus a weapon impairs eyewitness recall, including
247
effect those associated with the perpetrator’s face
All the attention goes to the weapon
Chapter 8 Notes
Key Term Explanation Pg
Amygdala Linked to emotions?? 227
Cognitive Periods of rapid change that are followed by
224
hypothesis stability cause stronger encoding of memories
Cognitive
Interview procedure 252
interview
What people report as memories are
Constructive
constructed based on what actually happened
nature of 234
plus additional factors, such as the person’s
memory
knowledge, experiences and expectations
Critical lure 241
Crypto An example of a source monitoring error
236
amnesia Unconscious plagiarism of the work of others
Cultural life Record of culturally expected events that occur
225
script at a particular time in the life span
Cultural life Distinguishes between a person’s life story,
script which is all of the events that have occurred in 225
hypotheses a person’s life, and a cultural life script
DRM paradigm 241
Eyewitness Testimony by a person who was present at a
246
testimony crime
Flashbulb
Vivid and long-lasting memories 228
memory
Misleading information presented after a
Misinformation
person witnesses an event that can change 242
effect
how the person describes that event later
Misleading
post-event The misleading information 242
information
Narrative May remember an event not because of
rehearsal special mechanism but because we rehearse 232
hypothesis that event after they occur
Orienting
248
response
, Positive- The increase in confidence due to confirming
identification feedback after making the identification 250
feedback effect Serious problem in the justice system
Changing in wordings which occurs when
Pragmatic reading a sentence leads a person to expect
239
inference something that is not explicitly stated or implied
by the sentence
Enhanced memory for adolescence and you
Reminiscence
adulthood that is typically found in people over 224
bump
40
Repeated Comparing later memories to memories
229
recall collected immediately after the event
A technique where the same participants tried
Repeated
to remember the story at longer and longer 235
reproduction
intervals after they had first read it
Occurs when more recent learning interferes
Retroactive
with memory for something that happened in 244
interference
the past
A person’s knowledge about some aspect of
Schema 239
the environment
Our conception of the sequence of actions that
Script 240
usually occur during a particular experience
Memory is enhanced for events that occur as a
Self-image
person’s self-image or life identity is being 224
hypothesis
formed (Rathbone)
Source
236
misattribution
Source Process of determining the origins of our
235
monitoring memories, knowledge or beliefs
Source Provides an example of the constructive nature
monitoring of memory because when we remember
236
error/source something, we retrieve the memory and then
attribution determine where the memory came from
Von Restorff The finding that distinctiveness or
240
effect (un)expectancy aids memory
Refers to the observation that the presence of
Weapon focus a weapon impairs eyewitness recall, including
247
effect those associated with the perpetrator’s face
All the attention goes to the weapon
