566 Midterm Study Guide 2021

Penicillin Allergy: -Most common drug allergy to date with severity ranging from minor rash to anaphylaxis -Can possibly display cross sensitivity to cephalosporins and should not be used if possible -observed 30 minutes minimum post drug injection for adverse reactions -For history of PCN allergy, a skin allergy test can be done to assess current risk by injecting a tiny amount of allergen ID (only to be done where epinephrine and respiratory support is available if needed) Penicillin V- • Stable in stomach acid (Pen G is not) • Used for oral therapy, can be taken with meals NARROW SPECTRUM PENICILLIN: PENICILLIN RESISTANT: (Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin) -Treats S. aureus and S. epidermidis Broad-Spectrum Penicillins (Ampicillin & Amoxicillin): -Most common side effects are rash and diarrhea (rash usually 3-10 days post TX start). -Therapy can be PO or IV and requires dosage adjustment for renal impairment -Treats Haemophilus influenzae, E. Coli, proteus mirabilis, enterococci, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae EXTENDED SPECTRUM PENICILLIN: (Piperacillin) -Treats same diseases as broad spectrum PLUS: *pseudomonas aeruginosa*, enterobacter spp, proteus, bacteroides fragilis, klebsiella spp -Can cause bleeding secondary to disrupting platelet function -Usually administered IV -Reduce dose in renal pt’s ...............................................................................................CONTINUED