Commerce 1ba3 Final ecam testbank questions and answers 2021 latest edition

1) Which motive for conformity most clearly involves effect dependence? A) Socialization B) Compliance C) Internalization D) Identification E) Dissension Answer: B Page Ref: 262 Skill: Recall 2) If I conform to my boss's wishes because of identification, I am conforming because A) I'm afraid of her. B) I might be able to get her to recommend me for promotion. C) I absolutely believe, trust, and accept her directives. D) I see myself as similar to her. E) I believe the issues at hand are difficult and ambiguous. Answer: D Page Ref: 263 Skill: Applied 3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of compliance? A) It occurs because a member subscribes to the beliefs and values underlying the norm. B) It primarily involves effect dependence. C) It is the simplest, most direct motive for conformity to group norms. D) It occurs because a member wishes to avoid punishment. E) It occurs because a member wishes to acquire rewards. Answer: A Page Ref: 262 Skill: Recall 4) Which of the following best explains why most religious leaders conform to the norms of their religion? A) Effect dependence. B) Information dependence. C) Internalization. D) Compliance. E) Identification. Answer: C Page Ref: 263 Skill: Recall 5) What is the most likely motive for mere compliance to a request? A) You identify with the person making the request. B) You like the person making the request. C) The request is easy and straightforward. D) You are afraid of the person making the request. E) You truly believe in the idea underlying the request. Answer: D Page Ref: 262 Skill: Applied 6) From first stage to last stage, which of the following sequences accurately portrays the stages of organizational socialization? A) Encounter; role management; anticipatory socialization B) Anticipatory socialization; encounter; role management C) Anticipatory socialization; role management; encounter D) Role management; anticipatory socialization; encounter E) Encounter; anticipatory socialization; role management Answer: B Page Ref: 265 Skill: Recall 7) In his last year of college, even before he took a job with a conservative bank, Randall began wearing three piece suits regularly. To which stage of socialization does this example refer? A) Encounter B) Anticipatory socialization C) Role management D) Debasement E) Identification Answer: B Page Ref: 265 Skill: Applied 8) A psychological contract is A) conformity to a social norm prompted by the desire to acquire rewards. B) the shared beliefs, values and assumptions that exist in an organization. C) the set of beliefs held by employees concerning the reciprocal obligations between them and their employer. D) an explicit agreement between a worker and their employer which states the pay and benefits offered in exchange for work. E) the process by which people learn the norms required to function in an organization. Answer: C Page Ref: 267 Skill: Recall 9) The first day on his new job, John's experienced workmates sent him to the equipment shed to ask the attendant for a ridiculously named, nonexistent tool. John came back very embarrassed, much to their amusement. This is not an example of A) a divestiture tactic. B) debasement. C) a realistic job preview. D) socialization. E) hazing. Answer: C Page Ref: 268 Skill: Applied 10) Given the research findings, an organization would most likely introduce realistic job previews to A) increase applicant expectations about the job. B) increase the rate of job offer acceptance by applicants. C) reduce absenteeism. D) reduce turnover. E) reduce the effects of socialization. Answer: D Page Ref: 269 Skill: Applied 11) What socialization tactics are also known as debasement or hazing? A) disjunctive B) investiture C) random D) divestiture E) serial Answer: D Page Ref: 273 Skill: Recall 12) At which stage of socialization is the new organizational member most likely to be information dependent and effect dependent on experienced organizational members? A) Role management B) Anticipatory socialization C) Encounter D) Internalization E) Identification Answer: C Page Ref: 266 Skill: Applied 13) Even before he graduated from business school, Stan replaced his knapsack with an expensive leather briefcase. This is an example of A) anticipatory socialization. B) a strong culture. C) debasement. D) collective socialization. E) a realistic job preview. Answer: A Page Ref: 265 Skill: Applied 14) Alan acts in accordance with group norms because he believes that the norms are truly right. He the norms. A) is complying with B) is dissenting from C) is identifying with D) is imitating E) has internalized Answer: E Page Ref: 263 Skill: Applied 15) What do newcomers need to learn about during the socialization process? A) Performance expectations, psychological contract, culture, task. B) Task, performance expectations, psychological contract, organization. C) Career and psychosocial functions. D) Health and safety issues, terms and conditions of employment, psychological contract, organizational procedures. E) Task, role, group, organization. Answer: E Page Ref: 264 Skill: Recall 16) Which is the best example of collective socialization? A) Marine Corps boot camp B) An apprenticeship C) Mentoring D) On- the- job training E) Any manager- employee relationship Answer: A Page Ref: 272 Skill: Applied 17) As normally practiced, a realistic job preview A) is put in place to reduce employee absenteeism. B) permits a person to try out the job for a couple of weeks. C) increases the likelihood of job offer acceptance by applicants. D) portrays both the good and bad aspects of the job. E) concentrates on the bad aspects of the job. Answer: D Page Ref: 268 Skill: Recall 18) The patriotic soldier truly agreed with the statement, "My country, right or wrong." His agreement is indicative of A) compliance. B) dissension. C) internalization. D) identification. E) effect dependence. Answer: C Page Ref: 263 Skill: Applied 19) Person- organization fit refers to A) the match between an employee's knowledge, skills, and abilities and the requirements of a job. B) the match between an employee's expectations and the expectations of the organization. C) the match between an employee's personal values and the values of the organization. D) the match between an employee's goals and the goals of the organization. E) the match between an employee's personality and the personality of other members of the organization. Answer: C Page Ref: 265 Skill: Recall 20) Research indicates that the expectations people have about organizations before they actually join them A) are unrealistically low. B) are unrealistically high. C) are amazingly accurate. D) are unbelievably poor. E) are extremely vague. Answer: B Page Ref: 266 Skill: Recall 21) Collective socialization is not used to A) promote loyalty to the organization. B) promote uniform behaviour among organizational members. C) socialize police officer recruits in a large urban police force. D) encourage individuality in the way jobs are performed. E) train soldiers in army boot camp. Answer: D Page Ref: 272 Skill: Applied 22) Organizations that handle a substantial proportion of their own socialization rather than relying on external agents to socialize their members A) expect their recruits to enter the organization with a high degree of anticipatory socialization. B) don't socialize very extensively and pretty much accept recruits as they are. C) are less susceptible to inbreeding. D) are especially open to new ideas and procedures. E) wish to foster reliable, stable job behaviour over time. Answer: E Page Ref: 268 Skill: Recall 23) Which person least likely experienced collective socialization with regard to her work? A) A soldier B) A novelist C) A police officer D) An airline cabin attendant E) An IBM salesperson Answer: B Page Ref: 272 Skill: Applied 24) Which practice is most likely to lead to uniform conformity to a standard set of organizational norms? A) Individual socialization B) Socialization by external agents C) Socialization via debasement D) Disjunctive socialization E) Collective socialization Answer: E Page Ref: 272 Skill: Recall 25) The tailor sent the eager apprentice out to find some (nonexistent) striped thread. This is A) socialization. B) debasement. C) divestiture tactic. D) hazing. E) all of the above. Answer: E Page Ref: 273 Skill: Applied 26) Institutionalized socialization involves all of the following tactics EXCEPT: A) investiture B) collective C) serial D) fixed E) disjunctive Answer: E Page Ref: 273 Skill: Recall 27) Individualized socialization involves all of the following tactics EXCEPT: A) disjunctive B) informal C) variable D) random E) serial Answer: E Page Ref: 273 Skill: Recall 28) Mentoring provides a number of career enhancing benefits for the apprentice. These include A) special tours of company facilities and presentations by top managers. B) sponsorship, exposure and visibility, and developmental assignments. C) acceptance and confirmation, optimal levels of stress, and financial incentives. D) recognition and a "positive reinforcer" for being included in such a program. E) rigorous divestiture and debasement experiences. Answer: B Page Ref: 275 Skill: Recall 29) Research on women and mentoring suggests that A) men have far more problems establishing this relationship due to the threat they pose to their mentors. B) women who make it to executive positions invariably have had a mentor earlier in their careers. C) women tend to link up with male mentors and men tend to link up with female mentors because cross- gender dynamics help cement these relationships. D) women generally make better mentors than men. E) women, unlike men, build successful careers through peer relationships rather than linking up with a mentor. Answer: B Page Ref: 276 Skill: Recall 30) There are a number of career functions of mentoring. Which of the following is NOT a mentoring career function? A) discipline B) developmental assignments C) coaching D) visibility E) sponsorship Answer: A Page Ref: 275 Skill: Recall 31) Which mentoring relationship is most likely to experience difficulties? A) female protege, male mentor B) visible minority protege, visible minority mentor C) male protege, female mentor D) female protege, female mentor E) male protege, male mentor Answer: A Page Ref: 276 Skill: Applied 32) The hardware division and the software division had rather different beliefs, values, and assumptions. This illustrates the operation of A) symbolic cultures. B) subcultures. C) ritual cultures. D) strong cultures. E) pathological cultures. Answer: B Page Ref: 280 Skill: Applied 33) Which of the following is NOT a benefit of developing and maintaining a strong organizational culture? A) Increased coordination B) Increased financial success C) Ease of conflict resolution D) Improved communication E) Resistance to change Answer: E Page Ref: 282 Skill: Recall 34) Stories about events in organizations A) reflect several common themes across organizational cultures. B) are a poor source of information about an organization's culture. C) generally have a good version only. D) are not meant to communicate how things work. E) are of historical value but fail to capture the essence of the organization's current culture. Answer: A Page Ref: 289 Skill: Recall 35) Which of the following is a benefit of developing and maintaining a strong organizational culture? A) Resistance to change. B) Pathological behaviours. C) Increased dissension. D) Culture clash. E) Conflict resolution. Answer: E Page Ref: 282 Skill: Applied 36) Organizational cultures that involve intense and pervasive beliefs, values, and assumptions are called cultures. A) strong B) sub C) pathological D) symbolic E) ritual Answer: A Page Ref: 280 Skill: Recall 37) Which of the following statements about strong organizational cultures is FALSE? A) They can damage a firm's ability to innovate. B) They have a strong impact on organizational members. C) They can be pathological. D) They always contribute to organizational success. E) They engage in extensive socialization of organizational members. Answer: D Page Ref: 282 Skill: Recall 38) A meticulous step- by- step socialization process is characteristic of organizations with A) mature cultures. B) individualized socialization. C) subcultures. D) pathological cultures. E) strong cultures. Answer: E Page Ref: 287 Skill: Recall 39) Organizations with strong cultures tend NOT to A) have symbols. B) have rituals. C) remember their founders. D) merge well with each other. E) use careful and protracted socialization practices. Answer: D Page Ref: 284 Skill: Recall 40) Mary Kay Cosmetics gives top performers pink Cadillacs during sales meetings that have the flavour of a Hollywood premiere. This illustrates how A) compliance is the truest motive for conformity. B) some strong cultures can become pathological. C) individual socialization can overpower collective socialization. D) rituals can shape an organization's culture. E) debasement can enhance the socialization process. Answer: D Page Ref: 289 Skill: Applied 41) Bill Gates's impact on Microsoft illustrates A) how the founder can shape an organizational culture. B) the limits of using socialization to mold the organizational culture. C) the dilemmas of organizational socialization. D) the liability of a strong organizational culture. E) how the values of an organization rarely reflect those of its founder. Answer: A Page Ref: 285 Skill: Applied 42) Which of the following depicts the socialization process? A) Socialization methods Encounter stage Outcomes B) Distal outcomes Proximal outcomes Socialization methods C) Socialization methods Distal outcomes Proximal outcomes D) Socialization methods Proximal outcomes Distal outcomes E) Socialization methods Anticipatory socialization Encounter stage Answer: D Page Ref: 264 Skill: Recall 43) Person- job fit refers to the A) match between an employee's personality and the requirements of a job. B) match between an employee's personality and the personality of the organization. C) match between an employee's personal values and the requirements of a job. D) match between an employee's previous work experience and new job. E) match between an employee's knowledge, skills, and abilities and the requirements of a job. Answer: E Page Ref: 265 Skill: Recall 44) At what stage of the socialization process is the organization looking for an acceptable degree of conformity to organizational norms? A) Anticipatory stage and encounter stage. B) Role management stage. C) It depends on the organization. D) Encounter stage. E) Anticipatory stage. Answer: D Page Ref: 266 Skill: Recall 45) What is the main content of most orientation programs? A) Performance expectations, terms and conditions of employment, information about the organization. B) Health and safety, terms and conditions of employment, information about the career opportunities. C) Performance expectations, terms and conditions of employment, information about career opportunities. D) Health and safety, terms and conditions of employment, information about the organization. E) Health and safety, terms and conditions of employment, information about the socialization process. Answer: D Page Ref: 270 Skill: Recall 46) Institutionalized socialization tactics are especially effective in A) inducing risk- taking behaviour. Skill: B) inducing ethical behaviour. C) inducing uniform behaviour. D) inducing creative behaviour. E) inducing individual behaviour. Answer: C Page Ref: 273 Recall 47) Which of the following is a psychosocial function of mentoring? A) Sponsorship B) Developmental assignments C) Exposure and visibility D) Role modelling E) Coaching and feedback Answer: D Page Ref: 275 Skill: Recall 48) Research on formal mentoring programs indicates that A) they are not nearly as beneficial as informal mentoring B) they are most beneficial for women C) they are more beneficial than informal mentoring D) they rarely if ever result in beneficial outcomes E) they are just as beneficial as informal mentoring Answer: E Page Ref: 276 Skill: Recall 49) Research on mentoring indicates that mentoring is A) more critical to men's career success than it is to women's. B) not very critical for the career success of men or women. C) only critical to career success when it is informal. D) just as critical to men's career success as it is to women's. E) more critical to women's career success than it is to men's. Answer: E Page Ref: 277 Skill: Recall 50) Which of the following best describes cross- race mentoring relationships? A) They focus more on psychosocial functions than career functions of mentoring. B) They focus mostly on diversity issues and overcoming discrimination. C) They focus on both psychosocial functions and career functions of mentoring. D) They focus more on career functions than psychosocial functions of mentoring. E) They do not focus on either psychosocial functions or career functions of mentoring. Answer: D Page Ref: 278 Skill: Recall 51) What kind of information do newcomers tend to seek out the most? A) Realistic information. B) Organization information. C) Task information. D) Group information E) Role information. Answer: C Page Ref: 278 Skill: Recall 52) What source do newcomers primarily rely on to acquire information? A) observation B) supervisors C) co- workers D) written documents E) mentors Answer: A Page Ref: 278 Skill: Recall 53) During the early period of socialization, what kind of information do newcomers seek from most to least? A) role, task, group, organization B) task, organization, role, group C) task, role, organization, group D) task, group, role, organization E) task, role, group, organization Answer: E Page Ref: 278 Skill: Recall 54) All of the following are proximal socialization outcomes except for A) learning B) role conflict C) task mastery D) social integration E) organizational identification Answer: E Page Ref: 264 Skill: Recall 55) All of the following are distal socialization outcomes except for Skill: A) organizational commitment B) person- job fit C) stress D) organizational identification E) organizational citizenship behaviour Answer: B Page Ref: 264 Skill: Recall 56) Soon after starting a new job, Carman beings to define herself in terms of the organization and what it is perceived to represent. What is this called? A) person- job fit B) organizational identification C) person- organization fit D) social integration E) internalization Answer: B Page Ref: 279 Applie d 57) What issues underlie organizational stories? A) honesty, security, and control B) independence, safety, and security C) fairness, safety, and honesty D) equality, security, and control E) integrity, honesty, and control Answer: D Page Ref: 290 Skill: Recall 58) All of the following are common themes that underlie organizational stories except A) Will I get fired? B) How will the boss react to mistakes? C) Is the big boss human? D) Will I get promoted? E) How will the organization deal with obstacles Answer: D Page Ref: 290 Skill: Recall 59) Flight Centre's monthly parties called "buzz nights" are a good example of A) stories B) symbols C) the founder's role D) rituals E) subcultures Answer: D