US HISTORY 105 us history since 1865; unit 1 practice milestone- solutions

US HISTORY 105 unit 1 milestone. 1 What is industrialization? CONCEPT Growth of the City: Industrialization 2 White Democrats, or "redeemers," were central to the development of the Jim Crow system in the South during the late 19th century. Which statement most represents their efforts? CONCEPT Race in the New South: Jim Crow 3 Select the term that best describes the late 19th century social reform movement associated with the statement below: “We must listen to Jane Addams and assist working-class laborers, especially women.” • Social gospel • Settlement house movement • Social justice movement • Muckrakers CONCEPT Growth of the City: Social Reform 4 During the Gilded Age, the practice of a local politician meeting the needs of constituents who promised their votes in exchange for services was evidence of what form of political corruption? CONCEPT Gilded Age Politics 5 Which statement remained true for both the "Old South" and the "New South?" Cotton was the South’s most valuable export and commodity. • The Southern economy rested exclusively on slave labor. CONCEPT Race in the New South: Changing South 6 Which of these is an example of a primary source for historical research on World War II? CONCEPT Analyzing Primary Sources: Classifying 7 Read the excerpt from Mary Antin’s autobiography, The Promised Land, published in 1912. “Happening when it did, the emigration [from Russia] became of the most vital importance to me personally. All of the processes of uprooting, transportation, replanting, acclimatization, and development took place in my own soul. I felt the pang, the fear, the wonder, and the joy of it. I can never forget, for I bear the scars. But I want to forget—sometimes I long to forget. I think I have thoroughly assimilated my past—I have done its bidding —want now to be of to-day. It is painful to be consciously of two worlds..." What aspect of the immigrant experience is most reflected in Antin's excerpt? • Immigrants had to remain guarded in new surroundings. • Immigrants had a sense of dislocation in a new country. • Immigrants were fearful of how they would be perceived by natives. • Immigrants faced hostility and aggression if they didn’t assimilate. CONCEPT Late 19th Century Immigrant Experience: Primary Sources 8 After the conviction of the alleged Haymarket bombers in 1886, Albert Parsons wrote the following in a letter: "Our verdict this morning cheers the hearts of tyrants throughout the world, and the result will be celebrated by King Capital in its drunken feast of flowing wine from Chicago to St. Petersburg." Who are the "tyrants" to whom he refers? CONCEPT Labor Conflict in the Gilded Age 9 All of the following were social or cultural effects of industrialization in the United States during the late 19th century EXCEPT . overcrowding in large cities • greater income equality RATIONALE Industrialization in the late 19th century drew large numbers of immigrants to the United States in search of employment, leading to overcrowded conditions in cities and increased conflict between immigrants and native-born workers. Industrialization also altered consumer culture. For example, the introduction of new consumption methods, such as mail-order catalogs, replaced personal relationships with impersonal, long- distance ones. While industrialization increased the standard living across the board for Americans, it also created vast inequality in income and wealth between the richest and the poorest. CONCEPT Corporations and Industry in the Late 19th Century Labor Conflict in the Gilded Age Late 19th Century Immigrant Experience 10 Matt, a historian, makes a checklist as he begins his research into the Industrial Revolution in the United States. Which factor should be allowed to influence his interpretation? RATIONALE CONCEPT The Historian's Practice: Influential Factors 11 Choose the statement that best reflects the opinion of the Congressional majority in the 1890s. • “We want to join with industrial workers to form a new political coalition called the Populist Party.” • “Eventually, our goal is to overthrow the capitalist system and replace it with a more socialist-centered approach.” • “Our interests lie in protecting business and patronage, and we are unprepared to offer aid to Americans in need.” • “We demand protections from losing our jobs or having our wages cut." CONCEPT Economic Depression and Labor Unrest in the 1890s 12 When the Ohio Supreme Court ordered Standard Oil to relinquish its control over the industry, John D. Rockefeller created a new entity which enabled him to continue controlling multiple companies by owning the majority of stock in each of them. What is the term for this kind of entity? CONCEPT Corporations and Industry in the Late 19th Century 13 Consider the excerpt from a speech given by the former slave and abolitionist Frederick Douglass to the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society: "I have had but one idea for the last three years to present to the American people, and the phraseology in which I clothe it is the old abolition phraseology. I am for the 'immediate, unconditional, and universal' enfranchisement of the black man, in every State in the Union. [Loud applause.] Without this, his liberty is a mockery; without this, you might as well almost retain the old name of slavery for his condition; for in fact, if he is not the slave of the individual master, he is the slave of society, and holds his liberty as a privilege, not as a right. He is at the mercy of the mob, and has no means of protecting himself." Which question would be most relevant for analyzing this historical speech? • Who was the audience? • Where were most African Americans living at this time in history? • How old was Douglass when he delivered the speech? • When was the source published? CONCEPT Analyzing Primary Sources: Applying 5Ws 14 In 1893, a young historian, Frederick Jackson Turner, presented a paper that explained his views on the significance of the frontier in American history. Since then, Turner’s argument that Western expansion was integral to the development of American democracy and features of the American character has been challenged by other historians. Which of the following best expresses criticism of Turner's work? • Turner misidentified adaptability and self-reliance as major features of the American character. • What Turner celebrated about Western settlement ignored the simultaneous subjugation of Native Americans. CONCEPT The Frontier in American History 15 What is the best definition of a historical lens? CONCEPT The Lenses of History 16 The consolidation of manufacturing in large cities along with an ever- increasing railroad system changed the nature of consumerism in rural America. Choose the most accurate statement about the changes in rural consumption practices in the late 19th century. CONCEPT Industrialization and Consumer Culture 17 The reality of western life was often very different from the dreams of homesteaders. Which of the statements below best expresses one of the common myths of prospective homesteaders? CONCEPT Homesteading: Myth vs. Reality 18 "Our country is nearly ruined. Corruption tarnishes our elections. People are poor and struggling, while a few get rich off their labor." The statement above best reflects the concerns of which political movement from the 1890s? CONCEPT Rural America in the Late 19th Century: Populist Party 19 Which list of activities best represents the basic practices of historians? • o Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time, o asking questions about the future, o interpreting evidence from the past and o referencing strongly biased secondary sources • o Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time, o asking questions of the past, o compiling facts about past events and o insisting on a single narrative for the past • o Asking questions of the past, o using historical lenses, o compiling facts about historical events and o interpreting evidence from the past • o Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time, o asking questions about the future, o referencing strongly biased secondary sources and o stating personal opinions about the past CONCEPT The Historian's Practice: Basics 20 The Omaha Platform was the political agenda for the Populist Party. Which statement from this document best reflects historian Lawrence Goodwyn’s interpretation of populism? "The newspapers are largely subsidized or muzzled, public opinion silenced, business prostrated, homes covered with mortgages, labor impoverished." • "We seek to restore the government of the Republic to the hands of 'the plain people,' with which class it originated." • "The fruits of the toil of millions are boldly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for a few, unprecedented in the history of mankind." CONCEPT How Historians View Populism 21 Several ideologies—social Darwinism, the self-made man, and the Gospel of Wealth—emerged in the Gilded Age. Match the statement below describing an ideology of the Gilded Age to the person who popularized it: “Human societies evolve much like natural organisms evolve.” CONCEPT The Gilded Age 22 Choose the statement that most accurately describes the rural economy of the late 19th century. Industrialization led to the development of steel plows and other tools that increased both the supply of wheat and its market price. • Merchants and store owners extended credit to poor farmers at low interest rates. • Farmers were caught in a cycle of debt from which they couldn’t break out. CONCEPT Rural America in the Late 19th Century: Economy 23 Identify the most important reason that the election of 1896 was significant in American politics. CONCEPT The Election of 1896 24 Choose the statement that is true of both the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor. • They both encouraged using strikes to accomplish their goals. CONCEPT Working Class Life and Labor Unions in the Gilded Age 25 Choose the statement that best reflects an argument in favor of Indian assimilation during the late 19th century. CONCEPT Western Conquest and Indian Assimilation