PEDIATRIC NURSING PRACTICE EXAM
- NR 328 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A 4-month-old infant is admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis due to Respiratory
Syncytial Virus (RSV). Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics as ordered
B. Maintaining a patent airway and monitoring oxygen saturation
C. Encouraging the parents to provide oral rehydration fluids
D. Ensuring the infant is in a strictly supine position
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: RSV causes significant mucus production and airway
inflammation in infants. Maintaining a patent airway through suctioning and monitoring
oxygenation is the priority to prevent respiratory failure.
2. An 8-year-old child is diagnosed with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN). Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to find during the assessment?
A. Increased appetite and weight loss
B. Massive proteinuria and hypotension
,C. Severe dehydration and polyuria
D. Periorbital edema and tea-colored urine
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: AGN typically presents with periorbital edema, hypertension,
and hematuria (often described as tea-colored or smoky urine) due to glomerular damage
following a streptococcal infection.
3. When assessing a toddler for potential developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), which
finding is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Symmetrical gluteal folds
B. Equal leg length bilaterally
C. Positive Trendelenburg sign
D. Negative Ortolani maneuver
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A positive Trendelenburg sign, where the pelvis drops on the
unaffected side when standing on the affected leg, is a classic sign of DDH in weight-bearing
children. Asymmetric gluteal folds and unequal leg length are also indicators.
4. A child is admitted with suspected Epiglottitis. Which action by the nurse is
contraindicated?
A. Placing the child in a tripod position
, B. Setting up emergency intubation equipment at the bedside
C. Attempting to visualize the throat with a tongue blade
D. Administering humidified oxygen as tolerated
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In suspected epiglottitis, examining the throat with a tongue
blade can cause immediate laryngospasm and total airway obstruction. Airway
management and avoiding agitation are priorities.
5. A 10-year-old with Hemophilia A is brought to the ED after a fall. Which medication should
the nurse anticipate administering first?
A. Oral Ibuprofen for pain
B. Intravenous Factor VIII concentrate
C. Subcutaneous Heparin to prevent clots
D. Intramuscular Vitamin K
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hemophilia A involves a deficiency in Factor VIII. Replacing the
missing clotting factor is the immediate priority to stop bleeding and prevent long-term
joint damage.
6. Which developmental milestone is expected for a 12-month-old infant?
A. Building a tower of six blocks
- NR 328 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A 4-month-old infant is admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis due to Respiratory
Syncytial Virus (RSV). Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics as ordered
B. Maintaining a patent airway and monitoring oxygen saturation
C. Encouraging the parents to provide oral rehydration fluids
D. Ensuring the infant is in a strictly supine position
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: RSV causes significant mucus production and airway
inflammation in infants. Maintaining a patent airway through suctioning and monitoring
oxygenation is the priority to prevent respiratory failure.
2. An 8-year-old child is diagnosed with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN). Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to find during the assessment?
A. Increased appetite and weight loss
B. Massive proteinuria and hypotension
,C. Severe dehydration and polyuria
D. Periorbital edema and tea-colored urine
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: AGN typically presents with periorbital edema, hypertension,
and hematuria (often described as tea-colored or smoky urine) due to glomerular damage
following a streptococcal infection.
3. When assessing a toddler for potential developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), which
finding is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Symmetrical gluteal folds
B. Equal leg length bilaterally
C. Positive Trendelenburg sign
D. Negative Ortolani maneuver
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A positive Trendelenburg sign, where the pelvis drops on the
unaffected side when standing on the affected leg, is a classic sign of DDH in weight-bearing
children. Asymmetric gluteal folds and unequal leg length are also indicators.
4. A child is admitted with suspected Epiglottitis. Which action by the nurse is
contraindicated?
A. Placing the child in a tripod position
, B. Setting up emergency intubation equipment at the bedside
C. Attempting to visualize the throat with a tongue blade
D. Administering humidified oxygen as tolerated
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In suspected epiglottitis, examining the throat with a tongue
blade can cause immediate laryngospasm and total airway obstruction. Airway
management and avoiding agitation are priorities.
5. A 10-year-old with Hemophilia A is brought to the ED after a fall. Which medication should
the nurse anticipate administering first?
A. Oral Ibuprofen for pain
B. Intravenous Factor VIII concentrate
C. Subcutaneous Heparin to prevent clots
D. Intramuscular Vitamin K
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hemophilia A involves a deficiency in Factor VIII. Replacing the
missing clotting factor is the immediate priority to stop bleeding and prevent long-term
joint damage.
6. Which developmental milestone is expected for a 12-month-old infant?
A. Building a tower of six blocks
